EP0344960B1 - Dosisformen mit definiertem Wassergehalt zur gesteuerten Freigabe - Google Patents

Dosisformen mit definiertem Wassergehalt zur gesteuerten Freigabe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0344960B1
EP0344960B1 EP89305209A EP89305209A EP0344960B1 EP 0344960 B1 EP0344960 B1 EP 0344960B1 EP 89305209 A EP89305209 A EP 89305209A EP 89305209 A EP89305209 A EP 89305209A EP 0344960 B1 EP0344960 B1 EP 0344960B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dosage form
oral dosage
weight
alcohol
controlled release
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89305209A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0344960A2 (de
EP0344960A3 (en
Inventor
Joanne Heafield
Stewart Thomas Leslie
Sandra Therese Antoinette Malkowska
Philip John Neale
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Euro Celtique SA
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Euro Celtique SA
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Publication date
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Priority to AT89305209T priority Critical patent/ATE83925T1/de
Publication of EP0344960A2 publication Critical patent/EP0344960A2/de
Publication of EP0344960A3 publication Critical patent/EP0344960A3/en
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Publication of EP0344960B1 publication Critical patent/EP0344960B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/52—Purines, e.g. adenine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/205—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
    • A61K9/2054—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a controlled release, oral dosage form, especially a tablet, containing a 3-alkylxanthine.
  • Controlled release pharmaceutical compositions comprising a combination of a higher aliphatic alcohol and a hydroxyalkylcellulose are known in the art and are described, for example, in EP-A-0 097 523, EP-A-0 251 459 and US-3 965 256. There is no teaching of what, if any, residual moisture content should remain in the final products.
  • a controlled release, solid, oral dosage form comprising a 3-alkylxanthine, at least one hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymer, at least one wax having a melting point between 25° and 90°C and between 3% and 10% (by weight) water.
  • Oral dosage forms according to the present invention are preferably tablets but are not spheroids, film coated spheroids or unit dosage forms (e.g. capsule, sachet, cachet) containing spheroids or film coated spheroids.
  • per cent (by weight) water refers to the water content of the oral dosage form as measured using a Karl Fischer titration method.
  • the water content of the oral dosage form is between 4% and 9% (by weight), most preferably between 4% and 8% (by weight), especially between 5% and 7% (by weight).
  • a particularly preferred oral dosage form according to this invention has a water content of about 6% (by weight).
  • the present inventors have surprisingly found that the water content of the present dosage forms has a dramatic effect on the in-vitro release rate of the active ingredient.
  • the water content of the dosage forms is below 3% (by wt)
  • the release rate is too slow.
  • the water content of the dosage forms is above 10%, the release rate is too fast.
  • the dosage forms have a water content between 3% and 10% (by wt) they (the dosage forms) are more stable over a 1-2 year period (with regard to rate of release of the active ingredient) than other equivalent dosage forms having water contents outside this range.
  • the present controlled release dosage forms contain a 3-alkylxanthine.
  • the phrase "3-alkylxanthine" in the present specification incorporates
  • the 3-alkylxanthine may be, for example, enprofylline or theobromine.
  • the 3-alkylxanthine is a 1,3-dimethylxanthine, such as acepifylline, bamifylline, bufylline, diprophylline, etamiphylline, etofylline, proxyphylline or theophylline.
  • theophylline anhydrous or hydrate
  • a salt or derivative of theophylline such as aminophylline, choline theophyllinate, theophylline monoethanolamine, theophylline sodium glycinate or theophylline calcium salicylate is particularly preferred.
  • Theophylline is the most preferred.
  • the in vitro dissolution rate of the theophylline from the present oral dosage form when measured by the USP Paddle Method at 100rpm in 900ml aqueous buffer (pH 6.5) at 37°C is preferably between 5% and 30% (by wt) release after 2 hours, between 15% and 40% (by wt) release after 4 hours, between 20% and 55% (by wt) release after 6 hours, between 25% and 65% (by wt) release after 8 hours, and between 40% and 90% (by wt) release after 12 hours.
  • Preferred doses of the 3-alkylxanthines in a controlled release dosage form according to this invention are as follows:
  • the concentration of 3-alkylxanthine in the present dosage forms will depend, amongst other factors, on the amount of xanthine to be administered.
  • the dosage forms preferably contain between 40% and 85% (by wt), especially between 50% and 80% (by wt), of the active ingredient.
  • the at least one hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymer may be chosen from such materials as gums, cellulose ethers, acrylic resins and protein derived materials. Of these polymers, the cellulose ethers, especially hydroxyalkylcelluloses and carboxyalkylcelluloses, are preferred.
  • the oral dosage form may contain between 1% and 20%, especially between 2% and 12% (by weight) of the at least one hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymer.
  • the at least one wax of the present invention must have a melting point between 25° and 90°C, preferably between 40° and 70°.
  • the at least one wax may be, for example, a polyalkylene glycol, a fatty (aliphatic) acid, a fatty (aliphatic) ester or, which is preferred, a fatty (aliphatic) alcohol, particularly a C12-C36 fatty alcohol, especially a C14-C22 fatty alcohol such as myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol or cetostearyl alcohol.
  • the present dosage forms preferably contain between 4% and 40%, especially between 8% and 36%, by weight of the at least one wax.
  • One particularly suitable dosage form according to this invention comprises a 3-alkylxanthine, a water-soluble hydroxyalkyl cellulose, at least one C12-C36, preferably C14-C22, fatty alcohol and, optionally, at least one polyalkylene glycol.
  • the at least one hydroxyalkyl cellulose is preferably a hydroxy (C1 to C6) alkyl cellulose, such as hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and especially, hydroxyethyl cellulose.
  • the amount of the at least one hydroxyalkyl cellulose in the present dosage form will be determined, inter alia , by the precise rate of drug release required.
  • the dosage form contains between 1% and 20%, especially between 2% and 12% (by weight) of the at least one hydroalkyl cellulose.
  • the at least one fatty alcohol may be, for example, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol or stearyl alcohol. In particularly preferred embodiments of the present dosage form, however, the at least one fatty alcohol is cetyl alcohol or cetostearyl alcohol.
  • the amount of the at least one fatty alcohol in the present dosage form will be determined, as above, by the precise rate of drug release required. It will also depend on whether at least one polyalkylene glycol is present in or absent from the dosage form. In the absence of at least one polyalkylene glycol, the dosage form preferably contains between 4% and 40%, especially between 8% and 36%, (by weight) of the at least one fatty alcohol.
  • the combined weight of the at least one fatty alcohol and the at least one polyalkylene glycol preferably constitutes between 4% and 40%, especially between 8% and 36%, (by weight) of the total dosage form weight.
  • the ratio of the at least one hydroxyalkyl cellulose to the at least one fatty alcohol/polyalkylene glycol determines, to a considerable extent, the release rate of the drug from the formulation.
  • a ratio of the at least one hydroxyalkyl cellulose to the at least one fatty alcohol/polyalkylene glycol of between 1:2 and 1:4 is preferred, with a ratio of between 1:3 and 1:4 being particularly preferred.
  • the at least one polyalkylene glycol may be, for example, polypropylene glycol or, which is preferred, polyethylene glycol.
  • the number average molecular weight of the at least one polyalkylene glycol is preferably between 1000 and 15000 especially between 1500 and 12000.
  • Another suitable controlled release dosage form would comprise a 3-alkylxanthine, an alkylcellulose (especially ethyl cellulose), a C12 to C36 fatty alcohol and, optionally, a polyalkylene glycol.
  • a controlled release dosage form according to this invention may also contain suitable quantities of other materials, e.g. diluents, lubricants, binders, granulating aids, colourants, flavourants and glidants that are conventional in the pharmaceutical art.
  • suitable quantities of other materials e.g. diluents, lubricants, binders, granulating aids, colourants, flavourants and glidants that are conventional in the pharmaceutical art.
  • the amount of water (including water of crystallisation) added during the wet granulation step is preferably between 2 and 30 times, especially between 4 and 20 times, the dry weight of the hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymer.
  • Theophylline monohydrate (330g) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (18.5g) were dry mixed.
  • Povidone (3.75g) was then dissolved in water (40ml) and the solution, together with a further 60ml of water, was added to the theophylline mixture.
  • the whole was then granulated, subsequently dried in a fluid bed drier (FBD) and then sieved through a 12 mesh screen. After sieving, the granules were again dried and sieved again, this time through a 16 mesh screen. The granules were then cooled.
  • BFD fluid bed drier
  • Cetostearyl alcohol (30g) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (37.5g) were mixed and heated to give a molten mixture.
  • the wax/PEG 6000 mixture was then added to the granules and granulated.
  • the wax coated granules were cooled and sieved through a 16 mesh screen. Finally, the wax coated granules were blended with magnesium stearate (7.5g) and talc (7.5g) and compressed to give 1000 tablets, each having the following formulation,
  • Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was followed to give 1000 tablets, each having the following formulation,
  • Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was followed to give 1000 tablets, each having the following formulation,
  • Example 2 The procedure of Example 2 was followed except that the tablets had a water content (by Karl Fischer) of 8.1% (by weight of the total tablet weight).
  • Example 2 The procedure of Example 2 was followed except that the tablets had a water content (by Karl Fischer) of 9.7% (by weight of the total tablet weight).

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer festen, oralen Dosisform zur gesteuerten Freigabe, umfassend:
    (a) Naßgranulieren von Wasser, wenigstens einem hydrophilen oder hydrophoben Polymeren und einem 3-Alkylxanthin zur Bildung von Granulen,
    (b) Trocknen der Granulen,
    (c) Mischen der Granulen mit wenigstens einem Wachs mit einem Schmelzpunkt zwischen 25° und 90° C, und
    (d) wahlweise, Pressen und Formen der Granulen,
    wobei die Granulen zu einem solchen Ausmaß getrocknet werden, daß die feste, orale Dosisform mit gesteuerter Freigabe zwischen 3% und 10%, vorzugsweise zwischen 4% und 9%, (in Gewicht) an Wasser enthält, mit der Maßgabe, daß die orale Dosisform mit gesteuerter Freigabe keine Sphäroide, mit Film überzogene Sphäroide oder Einheitsdosisform, welche Sphäroide, oder mit Film überzogene Sphäroide enthält, ist/sind.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wassergehalt zwischen 4% und 8%, vorzugsweise zwischen 5% und 7%, (in Gewicht) der oralen Dosisform beträgt.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das 3-Alkylxanthin ein 1,3-Dimethylxanthin, vorzugsweise Theophyllin, umfaßt.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dosisform zwischen 40% und 85%, vorzugsweise zwischen 50% und 80%, (in Gewicht) an Theophyllin enthält.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dosisform zwischen 1% und 20%, vorzugsweise zwischen 2% und 12%, (in Gewicht) von dem wenigstens einen hydrophilen oder hydrophoben Polymeren enthält.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das wenigstens eine hydrophile oder hydrophobe Polymere einen Celluloseether, vorzugsweise eine Hydroxyalkylcellulose oder eine Carboxyalkylcellulose, umfaßt.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Celluloseether Hydroxypropylcellulose, Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose oder Hydroxyethylcellulose, vorzugsweise Hydroxyethylcellulose, umfaßt.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dosisform zwischen 4% und 40%, vorzugsweise zwischen 8% und 36%, (in Gewicht) von dem wenigstens einen Wachs enthält.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Anpsrüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das wenigstens eine Wachs ein Polyalkylenglykol, eine Fettsäure, einen Pettsäureester oder einen Fettalkohol, vorzugsweise einen C₁₂-C₃₆-Fettalkohol, umfaßt.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Fettalkohol C₁₄-C₂₂-Fettalkohol, vorzugsweise Myristylalkohol, Stearylalkohol, Cetylalkohol oder Cetostearylalkohol, insbesondere Cetylalkohol oder Cetostearylalkohol, umfaßt.
EP89305209A 1988-06-02 1989-05-23 Dosisformen mit definiertem Wassergehalt zur gesteuerten Freigabe Expired - Lifetime EP0344960B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89305209T ATE83925T1 (de) 1988-06-02 1989-05-23 Dosisformen mit definiertem wassergehalt zur gesteuerten freigabe.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB888813064A GB8813064D0 (en) 1988-06-02 1988-06-02 Controlled release dosage forms having defined water content
GB8813064 1988-06-02

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0344960A2 EP0344960A2 (de) 1989-12-06
EP0344960A3 EP0344960A3 (en) 1990-03-07
EP0344960B1 true EP0344960B1 (de) 1992-12-30

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EP89305209A Expired - Lifetime EP0344960B1 (de) 1988-06-02 1989-05-23 Dosisformen mit definiertem Wassergehalt zur gesteuerten Freigabe

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US (1) US5091189A (de)
EP (1) EP0344960B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0816060B2 (de)
KR (1) KR0136279B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE83925T1 (de)
AU (1) AU610401B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1323834C (de)
DE (1) DE68904119T2 (de)
DK (1) DK175130B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2053989T3 (de)
FI (1) FI93695C (de)
GB (2) GB8813064D0 (de)
GR (1) GR3007088T3 (de)
IE (1) IE61998B1 (de)
IL (1) IL90462A (de)
NO (1) NO176232C (de)
NZ (1) NZ229372A (de)
PT (1) PT90722B (de)
ZA (1) ZA894201B (de)

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Publication number Publication date
JPH0816060B2 (ja) 1996-02-21
IL90462A0 (en) 1990-01-18
DK266889D0 (da) 1989-06-01
IL90462A (en) 1993-01-31
DE68904119D1 (de) 1993-02-11
AU610401B2 (en) 1991-05-16
DK175130B1 (da) 2004-06-14
ZA894201B (en) 1990-03-28
IE61998B1 (en) 1994-12-14
GB8911629D0 (en) 1989-07-05
EP0344960A2 (de) 1989-12-06
EP0344960A3 (en) 1990-03-07
GB2219207B (en) 1992-01-02
FI892664L (fi) 1989-12-03
IE891744L (en) 1989-12-02
NO892229L (no) 1989-12-04
FI93695C (fi) 1995-05-26
JPH0225420A (ja) 1990-01-26
NO892229D0 (no) 1989-06-01
NZ229372A (en) 1991-07-26
KR900000077A (ko) 1990-01-30
PT90722B (pt) 1994-11-30
NO176232C (no) 1995-03-01
KR0136279B1 (ko) 1998-04-25
CA1323834C (en) 1993-11-02
DE68904119T2 (de) 1993-06-09
ES2053989T3 (es) 1994-08-01
GB2219207A (en) 1989-12-06
PT90722A (pt) 1989-12-29
NO176232B (no) 1994-11-21
FI892664A0 (fi) 1989-06-01
DK266889A (da) 1989-12-03
AU3512789A (en) 1989-12-07
GB8813064D0 (en) 1988-07-06
US5091189A (en) 1992-02-25
ATE83925T1 (de) 1993-01-15
FI93695B (fi) 1995-02-15
GR3007088T3 (de) 1993-07-30

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