EP0767111A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Sammeln und Behandeln von Müll - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Sammeln und Behandeln von Müll Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0767111A1
EP0767111A1 EP96402090A EP96402090A EP0767111A1 EP 0767111 A1 EP0767111 A1 EP 0767111A1 EP 96402090 A EP96402090 A EP 96402090A EP 96402090 A EP96402090 A EP 96402090A EP 0767111 A1 EP0767111 A1 EP 0767111A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compactor
cardboard
cartons
crusher
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96402090A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0767111B1 (de
Inventor
Antoine-Marie Chedru
Eric Marcel Denis Morisse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valdec
Original Assignee
Valdec
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valdec filed Critical Valdec
Publication of EP0767111A1 publication Critical patent/EP0767111A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0767111B1 publication Critical patent/EP0767111B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3035—Means for conditioning the material to be pressed, e.g. paper shredding means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0007—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating documents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/20—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like
    • B65F3/203—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like with charging teeth, cutters or the like mounted on an axle or a drum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0007—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating documents
    • B02C2018/0061—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating documents with compacting devices for the disintegrated material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the recovery of waste and the treatment of the materials which constitute it with a view to its reuse. It is particularly applicable to the recovery of waste paper and / or cardboard, which in particular consists of cardboard packaging left behind in shopping or industrial areas.
  • the invention essentially aims to recycle materials which are not currently and to bring profitability in this operation, whether for the producer or the buyer.
  • the invention essentially proposes to combine on the same waste collection vehicle, a set of equipment placed under the control of a driver of the vehicle and mainly comprising a crusher of cartons and a compactor in a humid environment which are mounted. in series to successively process the paper and / or cardboard collected and whose operation is at least partially automated, so that the treatment can be carried out until the formation of a ball of compacted paper and / or cardboard at the same time as the driver moves his vehicle from one place to another and feeds the installation which he carries with him as and when it picks up.
  • the reprocessing of the cartons is done in a way in real time in relation to the pickup and the truck can return to its port loaded with papers and / or cartons already compacted.
  • the subject of the invention is in particular a process for recovering paper and / or cardboard mainly in the form of lost packaging cardboard, characterized in that the collection of said cartons by means of a vehicle comprising a platform equipped with at least one crusher and a compactor in a humid environment, in that said crusher is supplied with cardboard as and when pickups are carried out, said compactor being mounted in series with said shredder and adapted to compact the shredded cartons in said shredder, and in that the operation of the shredder and the compactor is controlled to successively process said cartons in an at least partially automated manner during the movements of the vehicle.
  • the cardboard boxes and / or papers are taken from an open container carried by said vehicle and which is movable between a lower pick-up position and an upper emptying position in which said container constitutes a cover for said grinder.
  • the compactor is not put into action until after a predetermined cumulative time for supplying cardboard boxes.
  • the subject of the invention is also a device for recovering paper and / or cardboard which is mainly in the form of lost packaging cardboard, which is essentially characterized in that it comprises a set of materials mounted in series on a platform. form of vehicle for successively treating the cartons collected as they are picked up, said assembly comprising at least one crusher suitable for shredding the cartons introduced to supply it and a compactor for processing the cartons shredded in a humid environment until they are produce in the form of paper balls and / or compacted cardboard, as well as an electronic device for controlling said materials.
  • said crusher comprises a device for feeding by turning over an open container for receiving the lost cartons to be picked up, said container being movable between a lower pick-up position and an upper tilting position where it constitutes a cover. for the crusher.
  • the feed device of the crusher is constituted by a sheath provided with a suction device and connecting the bottom of the crusher to the upper part of the compactor.
  • a humidifying device is arranged so as to moisten the cardboard upon its arrival in the crusher.
  • a crane is arranged at the rear of the tray so as to transport and move the bales of cardboard produced in the compactor.
  • the various materials of the installation are mechanically driven from the vehicle's propulsion engine.
  • the electronic control device comprises a sensor detecting the supply of cartons to the crusher, a sensor detecting the supply of cartons to the compactor and a sensor actuated at the end of the compacting operation.
  • said assembly further comprises devices for receiving and transferring bales successively produced at the output of the compactor, advantageously designed and constructed so as to allow the storage of several bales on the vehicle platform.
  • Roller systems are most often suitable for performing these functions.
  • the platform of a vehicle equipped in accordance with the invention is that of a truck which has only partially shown the driver's cabin 2.
  • This platform form 1, supported by one or two pairs of wheels, is then normally fixed in a horizontal position on the truck.
  • the same type of platform, equipped with the same equipment according to the invention could just as easily be that of a model vehicle with a semi-trailer or a trailer.
  • Equipment ensuring the online processing of cartons collected as waste is permanently installed on the platform 1.
  • a device for shredding cartons consisting of a shredder 3 and a device consisting of a compactor 4 which compresses cardboard shredded in the form of a bale of paper and / or compressed cardboard.
  • a device for shredding cartons consisting of a shredder 3 and a device consisting of a compactor 4 which compresses cardboard shredded in the form of a bale of paper and / or compressed cardboard.
  • a humidification device 6 diffuses through a conduit 12 of moisture in the compactor 4 to impregnate the shredded material with the moisture necessary for proper compaction.
  • the operation is thus carried out in a humid environment.
  • Platform 1 does not have a roof covering these various materials and devices.
  • a tailgate 10 which pivots on hinges around a horizontal axis of the platform and which can be locked in a vertical position by means of a locking member 11.
  • the platform -form is also equipped with side panels which have not been shown.
  • the installation according to the invention comprises a device for feeding the crusher 3. It essentially consists of a container 7 which is movably mounted on the right side of the plate 1 at the level of the crusher 3. This container is movable between two positions , a lower position along the tray 1, in which cartons can be emptied into this container and an upper position in which this container is overturned on the hopper 8 of the crusher 3. To pass from the lower position to the upper position, provides a lifting and tilting device 20 consisting for example of chains.
  • the container 7 is not closed and the section of its open end corresponds to the section of the open end of the hopper 8 so that in the upper position, the container 7 exactly covers the hopper 8 so as to constitute a lid.
  • the compactor 4 comprises a tank of hexagonal section 13, the rear wall of which consists of two bent wall elements 14 and 15, articulated around vertical axes 16 and 17 so as to constitute a door allowing the bales produced in the compactor.
  • idle rollers 18 arranged perpendicular to the axis of the vehicle which serve to bring the bales towards the rear of the tray 1.
  • rollers idlers 19 At the end of the latter, on the right side, are also rollers idlers 19 which are parallel to the axis of the vehicle.
  • a crane 21 arranged on the right side at the rear of the tray 1 is provided for handling and transporting the bales of cardboard produced in the compactor 4.
  • the crusher 3 comprises an arm or pendulum 22 mounted in articulation around an axis 23 and controlled by a jack 24. This arm is used to bring the boxes to a crusher wheel 25 rotating around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the vehicle.
  • the compactor 4 essentially comprises a wheel 26 which rotates around a horizontal shaft 27 which is itself driven in rotation about the vertical axis 28 of the tank 13 of the compactor.
  • the assembly of the wheel 26 and of the wheel 27 is mounted at the lower end of a jack which reacts to the pressure exerted by the compacted cardboard so that the more the bale of cardboard is compacted, the more the jack goes up.
  • the tank 13 of the compactor there is a plastic bag intended to receive the compacted cardboard.
  • the cylinder lowering wheel of the compactor is adjusted so that at its maximum stroke, the wheel 26 of the compactor is at a certain distance from the bottom of the tank, for example 15 cm. In this way, it is avoided that the plastic bag is damaged by the teeth of the wheel 26 of the compactor.
  • the various constituent elements of the installation are driven from the heat engine of the carrier vehicle.
  • a mechanical connection is made at the level of the engine crankshaft.
  • the other elements which require a lower power can be driven by electric motors powered by the vehicle battery; it is also possible to provide a mechanical power take-off directly on the vehicle engine.
  • FIG. 4 schematically represents the device for controlling the installation according to the invention.
  • the crusher 3 the suction turbine 9, the humidifier 6 and the compactor 4.
  • a first sensor 31 is placed in the hopper of the crusher 3 and detects the feeding of the hopper into cardboard boxes.
  • a second sensor 32 is disposed at the upper part of the compactor tank 4 and detects the supply of the latter with crushed cardboard brought in by the suction turbine 9.
  • a third sensor 33 is in fact a device for detecting the end of stroke which is activated when the grinding device reaches its maximum high position.
  • the signal supplied by the first sensor 31 directly controls, via a blocking device 34, the starting of the grinder 3 and, via a timing device 35, the starting of the vacuum cleaner 9 and humidifier 6.
  • the second sensor 32 provides two signals, a first signal when it detects the supply of the tank grinder; this first signal controls, via a time counting clock 36 and a timing device 37 to start the compactor 4. Furthermore, the sensor 32 provides a signal complementary to the first signal when it does not detect no cardboard supply; this second signal directly controls the stopping of the crusher, the vacuum cleaner and the humidifier and, by means of a delay device 38, the stopping of the compactor.
  • the signal provided by the sensor 33 when the support cylinder of the compacting device is in the high position also controls, in the same way as the second signal from the sensor 32, the stopping of the crusher 3, of the vacuum cleaner 9, of the humidifier 6 and compactor 4. Furthermore, the signal supplied by the sensor 33 is sent to the counting clock 36 to reset it. Finally, the signal supplied by the sensor 33 acts on the blocking device 34 to prevent the starting of elements 3, 9 and 6 by the signal supplied by the sensor 31.
  • the locking device 34 is released by a restart circuit 39 which can be actuated manually by the operator or automatically when certain safety conditions are met, in particular door of the compactor tank closed, support cylinder for the compactor roller in low position and plastic bag in place.
  • the operation of the device which has just been described is as follows.
  • the vehicle moves to collect used boxes which are, for example, placed on the sidewalk in front of the various dwellings and / or businesses.
  • the driver stops, he lowers the container 7 from its upper position to its lower position and he places the boxes to be picked up. If there are neighboring sampling points and the container is not filled, the driver can go to these other points of collection while keeping the container in the lower position.
  • the driver moves the container to its upper position; it is hoisted along the hopper 8 and it is tilted on the latter so as to empty the cartons in the hopper and to close the hopper so as to constitute a cover which constitutes a safety by preventing that the wheel of the crusher is accessible. Furthermore, this cover prevents waste other than cartons from being poured into the hopper or the cardboard being in the hopper of the crusher from being humidified by rain, for example.
  • the crusher is started immediately and, after a certain delay, of the order of a few minutes, supplied by the delay circuit 35, the vacuum cleaner 9 and the humidifier 6 are also started.
  • the crushed cardboard is collected at the bottom of the hopper 8 by the sheath 5 and is sent above the tank 13 of the compactor.
  • the crushed cardboard is moistened on arrival in the compactor; thanks to this arrangement, the aspiration of the crushed cardboard is easily carried out since the cardboard is not yet moistened; on the other hand, the fact that the cardboard is moistened upon arrival in the compactor accelerates the fall of the cardboard into the bottom thereof and facilitates the compacting action.
  • the detector 32 When the detector 32 detects the passage of crushed cartons, it emits a signal which acts on the counting clock 36 which performs a cumulative counting of the actuation durations of the contactor 32.
  • the cumulative duration is for example of the order of 10 minutes ; this makes it possible to start the compactor only when there has been a minimum quantity of cartons in the bottom of the plastic bag in order to avoid any deterioration of the latter.
  • the clock 36 has not counted this predetermined duration, there is no action of the sensor 32 on the compactor 4.
  • the action of the contactor 32 on the compactor 4 is timed each time by means of the timing device 37, the timing of which is a few minutes. This allows waiting for a sufficient amount of cartons to fall into the bag to start the compaction operation.
  • the installation begins to operate from the first collection of boxes. If the supply of cartons to the hopper 8 stops, after a certain time, the second detector 32 can no longer see cartons pass and it provides a second signal complementary to the first which immediately stops the crusher, the vacuum cleaner and the humidifier and, with a timer provided by the timer circuit 38, the compactor. This time delay is calculated to ensure the compaction of the last quantities of cartons received in the compactor. As soon as the hopper 8 is replenished, the installation begins to operate as indicated above.
  • the pressure of the bale increases and pushes the support cylinder of the compaction wheel 26 upwards until this cylinder reaches its maximum position corresponding to the filling of the bag.
  • This is detected by the third detector 33 which stops the elements in the same way as the detector 32, that is to say that it immediately stops the grinder, the vacuum cleaner and the humidifier and, with a certain time delay, the compactor.
  • the signal supplied by the detector 33 resets the counting clock 36 to zero and acts on the blocking device 34 to lock it.
  • the operator then closes the door of the tank 13, he fills the latter with another plastic bag and he orders the descent of the support cylinder of the compacting wheel 26 to its lower position, that is to say to a certain height above the bottom of the tank 13.
  • the installation is then again ready to operate, the counting clock 36 having been reset.
  • This is detected automatically by the circuit 39 which acts on the blocking circuit to release it; as a variant, this device 39 can be actuated by the operator when he has verified that all the conditions are met for a new operation, that is to say that the door of the tank 13 is properly closed, that the jack of the wheel 26 is in the low position and that the tank is well provided with a new plastic bag.
  • the crane 21 makes it possible to unload the bales of cardboard. Furthermore, it is then necessary to restart the installation in order to empty the crusher and extracting the bale from compacted cartons thus obtained. The vehicle is then ready for a new round.
  • the installation which has just been described is light enough to be installed on the platform of a vehicle without it exceeding the maximum weight authorized for passenger vehicles, that is to say that it will not require a special permit for heavy goods vehicles.
  • the invention makes it possible to remove and process used cartons during the removal so that, at the end of its tour, the operator will arrive at its home port with three compacted bales of cartons. We were therefore able to carry out the collection and compaction of used boxes simultaneously, in a simple and economical manner. This allows in particular, with a compact vehicle, to pick up a much larger volume of boxes since most of the boxes picked up are immediately compacted.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to significantly reduce the cost price of the collection operation and also of the compacting operation since these can be carried out simultaneously.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
EP96402090A 1995-10-03 1996-10-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Sammeln und Behandeln von Müll Expired - Lifetime EP0767111B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9511592A FR2739363B1 (fr) 1995-10-03 1995-10-03 Recuperation des dechets et le traitement des materiaux qui les constituent en vue de leur reutilisation
FR9511592 1995-10-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0767111A1 true EP0767111A1 (de) 1997-04-09
EP0767111B1 EP0767111B1 (de) 2000-02-16

Family

ID=9483169

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96402090A Expired - Lifetime EP0767111B1 (de) 1995-10-03 1996-10-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Sammeln und Behandeln von Müll

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0767111B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE189796T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69606676D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2144217T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2739363B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2769900A1 (fr) * 1997-10-16 1999-04-23 Antoine Marie Chedru Dispositif de reduction du volume de dechets

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2792918B1 (fr) 1999-04-30 2001-07-13 Alpha Distrib Procede de collecte et de destruction mobile de papier
CN115091802B (zh) * 2022-07-08 2025-09-16 深圳亚士德科技有限公司 一种具有自动除杂结构的液压式垃圾压缩装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0220936A2 (de) * 1985-10-22 1987-05-06 Raymond Neils Johnson Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Materialien
CH678821A5 (en) * 1989-05-26 1991-11-15 Edwin Rohr Document file destruction equipment - comprises vehicle-mounted shredding machine
DE9218027U1 (de) * 1992-01-30 1993-06-03 Kimm, Bruno, 34123 Kassel Lastkraftwagen mit einer mit einer Preßeinrichtung versehenen Trommel, die in einem Behälter drehbar gelagert ist
JPH05337453A (ja) * 1992-04-08 1993-12-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 廃紙の圧縮処理方法及び装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0220936A2 (de) * 1985-10-22 1987-05-06 Raymond Neils Johnson Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Materialien
CH678821A5 (en) * 1989-05-26 1991-11-15 Edwin Rohr Document file destruction equipment - comprises vehicle-mounted shredding machine
DE9218027U1 (de) * 1992-01-30 1993-06-03 Kimm, Bruno, 34123 Kassel Lastkraftwagen mit einer mit einer Preßeinrichtung versehenen Trommel, die in einem Behälter drehbar gelagert ist
JPH05337453A (ja) * 1992-04-08 1993-12-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 廃紙の圧縮処理方法及び装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 9404, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 94-031085, XP002005034 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2769900A1 (fr) * 1997-10-16 1999-04-23 Antoine Marie Chedru Dispositif de reduction du volume de dechets

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0767111B1 (de) 2000-02-16
ATE189796T1 (de) 2000-03-15
DE69606676D1 (de) 2000-03-23
FR2739363B1 (fr) 1997-12-05
ES2144217T3 (es) 2000-06-01
FR2739363A1 (fr) 1997-04-04

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