Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
  • C25D21/16—Regeneration of process solutions
  • C25D21/22—Regeneration of process solutions by ion-exchange
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
  • C25D21/12—Process control or regulation

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for the maintenance and care of an electrolyte.
• electrolytes The control and maintenance of electrolytes is mandatory Basic prerequisite for the proper functioning of the electrolytes to back up. In particular, compliance with limit values is the prescribed density, composition, pH and Temperature. Therefore, the ion composition of vitally important.
• the electrolyte is also free of impurities hold to ensure proper working. So one strives Precipitation and other essentially insoluble contaminants too avoid.
• Precipitation comes because the potassium ions with the respective ions of the Acids can form precipitates and e.g. Potassium sulfate fails.
• Such Precipitation is undesirable and disadvantageous because the electrolyte is clean and in particular, it must be kept free of any floating particles.
• the object of the invention is therefore to provide a simple method for maintaining an electrolyte, by means of which the service life of the electrolyte can be extended by keeping the ion concentration and the ion composition in the electrolyte constant.
• This object is achieved by using at least one ion exchanger, by means of which the ion concentration and ion composition of the electrolyte are adjusted.
• the present invention proposes the ion composition and the ion concentration in the electrolyte using an ion exchanger adjust.
• the electrolyte is passed over the ion exchanger and at the The exchange ions become the counterions in the matrix of the ion exchanger exchanged for ions from the electrolyte.
• the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous on account of the The fact that through the use of the ion exchanger according to the invention Ions that negatively affect the bath quality against ions that necessary to keep the bathroom quality constant can. This allows the composition of the electrolyte and the respective ion concentration can be set in an advantageous manner.
• the contains Ion exchangers preferably counterions contained in the electrolyte and which are relevant for the bathroom quality.
• the ion exchanger in are advantageously regenerated after use.
• the present Invention becomes an extremely advantageous method of care and maintenance proposed by electrolytes since conventional, the lifetime of a Measures negatively influencing the electrolyte bath become superfluous and furthermore Chemicals can be saved. This leads to less stress the environment.
• the method according to the invention is less complex because Processes that were otherwise regulated separately by a process step, namely by passing the electrolyte liquid over the ion exchanger, be managed. Also using the method according to the invention Control steps saved because the bath composition is no longer expensive must be monitored.
• the runtime is also of an electrolyte is no longer limited because its composition in the can be kept substantially constant. Because of the constant The composition and thus constant quality of the electrolyte are important less quality defects in the deposited coatings. Furthermore is the feature of the invention, an ion exchanger for maintenance and care to use an electrolyte, also due to the regenerability of the Ion exchanger advantageous because the process thereby a low Material costs are hidden and are therefore inexpensive.
• acidic can also be used with the method according to the invention
• Gold electrolytes are serviced.
• these exist Gold electrolytes have the disadvantage that potassium ions accumulate and the pH value of the electrolyte rises.
• the exact one is Compliance with the pH value, i.e. the hydrogen ion concentration, is crucial.
• the present invention advantageously makes it possible through use of an ion exchanger for excessive addition of inorganic or to avoid organic acids for the purpose of pH correction, since by means of ion exchanger this can be corrected. As largely as possible on this can be dispensed with, there is no unwanted precipitation, which negatively affect the bathroom quality.
• Ion exchanger one type of ion can easily be exchanged for another, are used to remove ions from the bath which negatively influence the bath quality
• Electrolytes such as potassium ions in acid gold baths, against the Counterions of the ion exchanger that positively influence the bath quality, e.g. Exchange hydrogen ions in acidic gold baths.
• a cation exchanger can be used as a control. Doing for the maintenance and care of an acidic gold electrolyte of an acidic cation exchanger.
• the can in Electrolytes contain cations against hydrogen ions Cation exchanger can be exchanged.
• Cation exchanger can be exchanged.
• the potassium ions which are detrimental to the operation of the bath exchanged for hydrogen ions, which are necessary to increase the to prevent pH.
• the ion exchanger turns unnecessary potassium ions into one Lead to an increase in the density of the bath and thus a shortening of the service life of a bath, removed from the electrolyte.
• the ion exchanger can advantageously be regenerated.
• localized ions such as hydrogen ions in the case of maintaining a acidic electrolytes, against the respective cations from the electrolyte, are the Places of the ion exchanger occupied with the respective cation. Since the ion exchange is a reversible process, one can by treatment with Acid and water in the original, using the ion exchanger Transfer hydrogen ion loaded state by the cations from the Electrolytes are eluted from the matrix of the ion exchanger. Through this The ion exchanger has an extraordinarily advantageous property Lifespan and can be used almost indefinitely. This leads to a desirable cost reduction, for example in the operation of a gold bath.
• the decomposition of the basic chemicals also necessarily results Density increase in the electrolyte.
• the density of an electrolyte is given by the Salt, alkali or acid concentration.
• a disadvantageous increase in density can be achieved with the method according to the invention can be prevented, for example in the case of acidic gold electrolytes, superfluous potassium ions are exchanged for hydrogen ions and furthermore, by the method according to the invention, the addition of organic or inorganic acids are largely avoided, which help to increase the density of the bath.
• the composition of the Electrolyte bath can be kept constant, which extends the life of the Electrolyte bath is not limited. It can continuously determine Quantities are removed from the electrolyte bath by means of conveyors and be routed via the respective ion exchanger. The passed through in In the case of the care of an acidic gold bath, potassium ions were removed and an im substantially equivalent amount of hydrogen ions Electrolyte liquid can be fed back into the electrolyte bath. To the with Potassium ion-loaded ion exchange matrix must regenerate Rinsing steps are connected, which the bound ions of the Elute electrolytes and in turn load the matrix with hydrogen ions.
• the column is used to elute the bound ions from the Electrolytes alternately washed with dilute acid and water. in the The column is then ready for use again.
• the respective measures and steps must be adapted to the ion exchanger used in each case.
• the eluate can possibly with existing gold ions other rinsing solutions or similar which are fed be recovered for gold.
• Gold recovery can e.g. over strongly basic anion exchange resins or electrolysis cells.
• the method is advantageous for a wide variety of electrolytes adaptable and thus finds a wide range of applications.
• the stake is not on the maintenance and care of acid gold baths described here in particular limited.
• the method according to the invention can be used for the maintenance of everyone arbitrary electrolytes can be used because the core idea of the invention means that by means of an ion exchanger the ion composition of a Electrolyte is adjustable by adding unwanted ions that affect the quality of the Negatively affect electrolytes are exchanged for ions, which in the Electrolytes are consumed, but constant to maintain the bath quality must be kept.
• the adjustment of the pH is too name, to which, however, the inventive concept is expressly not limited.
• the inventive method is also for Constant composition and ion concentration also of for example, alkaline electrolytes are well suited. It just has to appropriate parameters are adjusted, e.g. the one to be used ion exchanger, which e.g. can be a basic anion exchanger, the Rinsing steps as well as regeneration etc.
• the method according to the invention advantageously enables others To be able to make settings in the fine range. So low pH Deviations, which cannot be regulated by means of the ion exchanger, through Additional measures are regulated for the ion exchanger. According to one Embodiment of the method according to the invention are via measuring devices the respective relevant parameters of the electrolyte measured with the Setpoints compared and the respective measures initiated automatically. So the throughput speed of the Electrolyte liquid above the ion exchanger can be raised to a pH value Fine adjustment, if not desired via the ion exchanger, using a inorganic or organic acid can be made and further possible towing losses are supplemented. Furthermore, measuring devices determine the amount of suspended particles and if necessary a filtration Initiate via filter systems. Other parameters can also be taken into account become.
• the invention provides a device for the maintenance and care of a Electrolytes, especially an acidic gold electrolyte, have been proposed Measuring devices, which the relevant parameters of the maintenance Measure electrolyte in the form of an actual value, has, and Storage devices that contain the setpoints of the relevant parameters store the electrolyte to be maintained, and at least one Calculation unit that combines the measured actual values with the saved ones Compares target values and a control unit that controls the measures adapt the actual value of the electrolyte to the setpoint; further one Ion exchanger, which removes the ions that negatively affect the bath quality exchanges the electrolyte for its own counterions, which are also Electrolytes are contained and are required for good electrolyte quality, as well as conveying devices which transfer the electrolyte liquid to the ion exchanger as well as lead back into the electrolyte bath and also rinsing devices, which the with Regenerate electrolyte ions loaded ion exchanger. But also less complex devices that have constant operating parameters and on Me
• the effectiveness of the method according to the invention was based on Laboratory tests can be demonstrated. Here are the results for the maintenance of an acidic gold electrolyte. This The description of the experiment is only for further explanation and is not limiting.
• An aqueous electrolyte solution was used as the gold bath, which are the essential components of citric acid / potassium citrate, one Cobalt (II) citrate complex, formic acid / potassium formate, and a gold complex (Potassium gold cyanide).
• the electrolyte had a pH of 5.0, as well as potassium in a concentration of 75g / l. 500ml of the Electrolyte solution passed over a column with 75g exchange resin, the resin was chosen such that it exchanged hydrogen ions for potassium ions can.
• the electrolyte solution was passed over the column and collected. there showed that the flow of the electrolyte through the matrix of The potassium concentration had dropped from 75g / l to 59g / l and a pH of 4.7 was measured. These results exemplify the Effectiveness of the procedure. The stability of the gold cyanide complex not adversely affected. Furthermore, subsequent investigations showed that no other ions worth mentioning in the matrix of the ion exchanger were withheld. This shows the selectivity of the invention Process, which is particularly advantageous against the background that no ions are removed from the electrolyte, which, such as gold ions, with high cost would have to be replaced, making the process for is suitable for industrial use.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
• Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
• Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
• Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
• Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
• Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)
• Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)

Priority Applications (8)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (9)

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Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2001
  • 2001-03-24 EP EP01107350A patent/EP1243673A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2002
  • 2002-03-12 PL PL02352752A patent/PL352752A1/xx unknown
  • 2002-03-18 KR KR1020020014419A patent/KR20020075825A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 2002-03-20 SG SG200201613A patent/SG111051A1/en unknown
  • 2002-03-22 US US10/104,127 patent/US20020166772A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-03-22 RU RU2002107327/02A patent/RU2002107327A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2002-03-22 CN CNB021079730A patent/CN1306072C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-03-25 JP JP2002083319A patent/JP2002322600A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (4)

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