JP3541190B2 - 非クロム化成被覆を形成するための方法 - Google Patents

非クロム化成被覆を形成するための方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3541190B2
JP3541190B2 JP2001386736A JP2001386736A JP3541190B2 JP 3541190 B2 JP3541190 B2 JP 3541190B2 JP 2001386736 A JP2001386736 A JP 2001386736A JP 2001386736 A JP2001386736 A JP 2001386736A JP 3541190 B2 JP3541190 B2 JP 3541190B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
solution
providing
aluminum alloy
immersing
solutions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2001386736A
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2002220681A (ja
Inventor
アール. ジャウォロウスキイ マーク
エー. クリズマン マイケル
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RTX Corp
Original Assignee
United Technologies Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United Technologies Corp filed Critical United Technologies Corp
Publication of JP2002220681A publication Critical patent/JP2002220681A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3541190B2 publication Critical patent/JP3541190B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/40Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/60Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using alkaline aqueous solutions with pH greater than 8
    • C23C22/66Treatment of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/48Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
    • C23C22/56Treatment of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/73Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
JP2001386736A 2000-12-19 2001-12-19 非クロム化成被覆を形成するための方法 Expired - Fee Related JP3541190B2 (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/741,470 US6613390B2 (en) 2000-12-19 2000-12-19 Compound, non-chromium conversion coatings for aluminum alloys
US09/741,470 2000-12-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2002220681A JP2002220681A (ja) 2002-08-09
JP3541190B2 true JP3541190B2 (ja) 2004-07-07

Family

ID=24980841

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2001386736A Expired - Fee Related JP3541190B2 (ja) 2000-12-19 2001-12-19 非クロム化成被覆を形成するための方法

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US6613390B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1217094B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3541190B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100450254B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1250769C (de)
AT (1) ATE291107T1 (de)
BR (1) BR0106146A (de)
CA (1) CA2364964C (de)
CZ (1) CZ20014576A3 (de)
DE (1) DE60109401T2 (de)
HU (1) HUP0105377A3 (de)
IL (1) IL147090A (de)
MX (1) MXPA01013043A (de)
MY (1) MY127167A (de)
PL (1) PL351238A1 (de)
RU (1) RU2224820C2 (de)
SG (1) SG93296A1 (de)
TW (1) TW574421B (de)
UA (1) UA72251C2 (de)

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7294211B2 (en) * 2002-01-04 2007-11-13 University Of Dayton Non-toxic corrosion-protection conversion coats based on cobalt
US7341677B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2008-03-11 United Technologies Corporation Non-carcinogenic corrosion inhibiting additive
FR2857672B1 (fr) * 2003-07-15 2005-09-16 Dacral Utilisation de l'yttrium, du zirconium, du lanthane, de cerium, du praseodyme ou du neodyme comme element renforcateur des proprietes anticorrosion d'une composition de revetement anticorrosion.
CN100335680C (zh) * 2004-04-15 2007-09-05 郭瑞光 铝合金无铬化学转化液及其使用方法
JP4242827B2 (ja) * 2004-12-08 2009-03-25 日本パーカライジング株式会社 金属の表面処理用組成物、表面処理用処理液、表面処理方法、及び表面処理金属材料
DE102005023728A1 (de) 2005-05-23 2006-11-30 Basf Coatings Ag Lackschichtbildendes Korrosionsschutzmittel und Verfahren zu dessen stromfreier Applikation
EP1902106B1 (de) * 2005-07-08 2014-08-20 Henkel Corporation Grundiermittel für verklebungen
DE102006053291A1 (de) 2006-11-13 2008-05-15 Basf Coatings Ag Lackschichtbildendes Korrosionsschutzmittel mit guter Haftung und Verfahren zu dessen stromfreier Applikation
CN101058874B (zh) * 2007-04-02 2010-12-08 合肥华清金属表面处理有限责任公司 一种水基中性钢铁无铬强钝化剂
US20090004486A1 (en) 2007-06-27 2009-01-01 Sarah Arsenault Corrosion inhibiting additive
US8283044B2 (en) * 2007-08-01 2012-10-09 United Technologies Corporation Conversion coatings with conductive additives, processes for applying same and their coated articles
US20090061184A1 (en) 2007-08-31 2009-03-05 United Technologies Corporation Processes for Applying a Conversion Coating with Conductive Additive(S) and the Resultant Coated Articles
DE102009007632A1 (de) 2009-02-05 2010-08-12 Basf Coatings Ag Beschichtungsmittel für korrosionsstabile Lackierungen
RU2409702C1 (ru) * 2009-10-28 2011-01-20 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает государственный заказчик - Министерство промышленности и торговли Российской Федерации (Минпромторг России) Состав для химической обработки изделий из алюминия и его сплавов
JP6184051B2 (ja) * 2011-09-21 2017-08-23 日本ペイント・サーフケミカルズ株式会社 アルミニウム製熱交換器の表面処理方法
CN102409330A (zh) * 2011-11-25 2012-04-11 潍坊学院 一种无铬钝化液
CN105339524A (zh) * 2013-05-14 2016-02-17 Prc-迪索托国际公司 高锰酸盐基转化涂料组合物
EP2915903B1 (de) 2014-03-05 2018-02-21 The Boeing Company Chromfreie Umwandlungsbeschichtung
WO2017047105A1 (ja) * 2015-09-16 2017-03-23 奥野製薬工業株式会社 アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金用化成処理液、化成処理方法及び化成皮膜
WO2019113479A1 (en) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-13 Board of Regents of the Nevada System of Higher Education, on behalf of the University of Nevada Reno Molybdate-based composition and conversion coating
KR102040978B1 (ko) * 2018-06-29 2019-11-05 한국항공우주연구원 알루미늄계 금속 재료의 표면 처리 방법
CN109468630B (zh) * 2018-10-30 2021-02-05 昆明理工大学 一种电镀锌碱性金色钝化液

Family Cites Families (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3066055A (en) * 1958-11-10 1962-11-27 Purex Corp Ltd Process and composition for producing aluminum surface conversion coatings
US3849264A (en) * 1972-09-05 1974-11-19 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Production of stain resistant, clear, sealed anodized films
US4119763A (en) 1974-09-27 1978-10-10 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp. Anti-corrosion weldable coatings
SU1120223A1 (ru) * 1983-06-29 1984-10-23 Горьковский ордена Трудового Красного Знамени научно-исследовательский радиофизический институт Способ измерени диэлектрических потерь
SU1120233A1 (ru) 1983-07-15 1984-10-23 Тюменский индустриальный институт им.Ленинского комсомола Способ инверсионного электрохимического определени вольфрамат-ионов
US4711667A (en) * 1986-08-29 1987-12-08 Sanchem, Inc. Corrosion resistant aluminum coating
US5244956A (en) 1988-08-09 1993-09-14 Lockheed Corporation Corrosion inhibiting coating composition
SU1767033A1 (ru) * 1989-05-22 1992-10-07 Харьковский политехнический институт им.В.И.Ленина Способ обработки поверхности алюмини и его сплавов преимущественно при изготовлении увлажнител воздуха
US5194138A (en) * 1990-07-20 1993-03-16 The University Of Southern California Method for creating a corrosion-resistant aluminum surface
JPH04218681A (ja) * 1990-12-19 1992-08-10 Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd アルミニウムと鋼材を組み合わせた成形物の表面処理方法および処理液
DE4041091A1 (de) * 1990-12-21 1992-06-25 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zur nachspuelung von konversionsschichten
US5192447A (en) 1991-07-09 1993-03-09 Nalco Chemical Company Use of molybdate as a cooling water corrosion inhibitor at higher temperatures
US5221371A (en) * 1991-09-03 1993-06-22 Lockheed Corporation Non-toxic corrosion resistant conversion coating for aluminum and aluminum alloys and the process for making the same
GB2259920A (en) * 1991-09-10 1993-03-31 Gibson Chem Ltd Surface conversion coating solution based on molybdenum and phosphate compounds
US5192374A (en) * 1991-09-27 1993-03-09 Hughes Aircraft Company Chromium-free method and composition to protect aluminum
US5266611A (en) 1992-07-21 1993-11-30 The Dexter Corporation Waterborne epoxy derived adhesive primers
AU673563B2 (en) 1992-11-26 1996-11-14 Bhp Steel (Jla) Pty Limited Anti corrosion treatment of aluminium or aluminium alloy surfaces
US5356492A (en) * 1993-04-30 1994-10-18 Locheed Corporation Non-toxic corrosion resistant conversion process coating for aluminum and aluminum alloys
US5322560A (en) 1993-08-31 1994-06-21 Basf Corporation Aluminum flake pigment treated with time release corrosion inhibiting compounds and coatings containing the same
BR9408073A (pt) 1993-11-16 1997-08-12 Ici Australia Operations Tratamento anticorrosão de aço revestido com metal tendo revestimentos de alumínio de zinco ou de ligas dos mesmos
US5582654A (en) * 1994-05-20 1996-12-10 The University Of Southern California Method for creating a corrosion-resistant surface on aluminum alloys having a high copper content
MX9703435A (es) * 1994-11-11 1997-07-31 Commw Scient Ind Res Org Procedimiento y solucion para proporcionar un revestimiento de conversion sobre una superficie de metal.
JPH08176891A (ja) 1994-12-27 1996-07-09 Nippon Steel Corp ステンレス鋼の表面処理方法
WO1997028291A1 (en) * 1996-02-05 1997-08-07 Nippon Steel Corporation Surface-treated metallic material with corrosion resistance and surface treatment used therefor
US5866652A (en) 1996-02-27 1999-02-02 The Boeing Company Chromate-free protective coatings
JP3454010B2 (ja) 1996-03-29 2003-10-06 日本軽金属株式会社 ノンクロム型金属防食用被覆組成物
US5873953A (en) * 1996-12-26 1999-02-23 The Boeing Company Non-chromated oxide coating for aluminum substrates
US6248184B1 (en) 1997-05-12 2001-06-19 The Boeing Company Use of rare earth metal salt solutions for sealing or anodized aluminum for corosion protection and paint adhesion
US6315823B1 (en) 1998-05-15 2001-11-13 Henkel Corporation Lithium and vanadium containing sealing composition and process therewith
US6087017A (en) * 1998-06-15 2000-07-11 Sachem, Inc. Corrosion resistant coating for aluminum and aluminum alloys
US6162508A (en) * 1998-11-02 2000-12-19 Nortel Networks Limited Molybdenum phosphate based corrosion resistant conversion coatings
US6312812B1 (en) 1998-12-01 2001-11-06 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Coated metal substrates and methods for preparing and inhibiting corrosion of the same
WO2000036176A2 (en) 1998-12-15 2000-06-22 Lynntech, Inc. Polymetalate and heteropolymetalate conversion coatings for metal substrates
US6451443B1 (en) * 1999-02-19 2002-09-17 University Of New Orleans Research And Technology Foundation, Inc. Chromium-free conversion coating
CA2408675A1 (en) 2000-05-11 2001-11-15 Henkel Corporation Metal surface treatment agent
US6537678B1 (en) * 2000-09-20 2003-03-25 United Technologies Corporation Non-carcinogenic corrosion inhibiting additive

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HUP0105377A3 (en) 2008-05-28
TW574421B (en) 2004-02-01
CA2364964C (en) 2006-02-07
EP1217094B1 (de) 2005-03-16
DE60109401D1 (de) 2005-04-21
EP1217094A3 (de) 2003-07-16
ATE291107T1 (de) 2005-04-15
CA2364964A1 (en) 2002-06-19
US20020110642A1 (en) 2002-08-15
HUP0105377A2 (en) 2002-08-28
MY127167A (en) 2006-11-30
CN1381614A (zh) 2002-11-27
EP1217094A2 (de) 2002-06-26
IL147090A0 (en) 2002-08-14
UA72251C2 (uk) 2005-02-15
SG93296A1 (en) 2002-12-17
DE60109401T2 (de) 2006-04-13
MXPA01013043A (es) 2004-05-21
RU2224820C2 (ru) 2004-02-27
PL351238A1 (en) 2002-07-01
BR0106146A (pt) 2002-08-13
CN1250769C (zh) 2006-04-12
US6613390B2 (en) 2003-09-02
CZ20014576A3 (cs) 2002-08-14
KR20020050154A (ko) 2002-06-26
HU0105377D0 (en) 2002-02-28
KR100450254B1 (ko) 2004-09-30
JP2002220681A (ja) 2002-08-09
IL147090A (en) 2005-06-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3541190B2 (ja) 非クロム化成被覆を形成するための方法
KR102702717B1 (ko) 금속 표면을 니켈-무함유 인산염처리하는 방법
JP3392008B2 (ja) 金属の保護皮膜形成処理剤と処理方法
US4313769A (en) Coating solution for metal surfaces
JP2003171778A (ja) 金属の保護皮膜形成方法及び金属の保護皮膜
JP3987633B2 (ja) 金属の保護皮膜形成用処理剤と形成方法
UA76733C2 (uk) Кислий водний розчин для одержання корозійностійкого покриття, спосіб одержання корозійностійкого покриття і виріб, що включає корозійностійке покриття
US4600447A (en) After-passivation of phosphated metal surfaces
CN101356301A (zh) 钝化具有锌或锌合金表面的加工件的含水反应溶液和方法
HK1215055A1 (zh) 高錳酸鹽基轉化涂料組合物
Lu et al. Investigation on the composition and corrosion resistance of cerium-based conversion treatment by alkaline methods on aluminum alloy 6063
US5503733A (en) Process for phosphating galvanized steel surfaces
JPS6256579A (ja) 亜鉛または亜鉛−アルミニウム合金表面の不動態化用酸性水溶液および不動態化方法
JP3337134B2 (ja) 防錆処理金属、防錆皮膜形成用組成物およびそれを用いた防錆皮膜形成方法
CA1197674A (en) Composition and process for the treatment of phosphatized metal surfaces
EP3704286B1 (de) Verfahren und zusammensetzung zur behandlung von metalloberflächen unter verwendung dreiwertiger chromverbindungen
JPH04505479A (ja) 金属表面にマンガン含有燐酸塩皮膜を形成する方法
JP3881392B2 (ja) 金属表面処理組成物及び金属表面処理方法
CN120344723A (zh) 在锌表面上电解沉积磷酸盐层的方法
WO1998040542A1 (en) A method for chromating metals having surface oxide layers
JPH09228067A (ja) 耐環境汚染性、耐食性に優れた表面処理鋼板
PL244118B1 (pl) Sposób cynkowania galwanicznego wyrobów stalowych przeznaczonych do nakładania powłok malarskich, zwłaszcza polimerowych
Pettier et al. Hélène Ardelean¹, Antoine Seyeux¹, Sandrine Zanna¹, Philippe Marcus¹

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20040122

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821

Effective date: 20040123

A911 Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911

Effective date: 20040226

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20040323

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20040329

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080402

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090402

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100402

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110402

Year of fee payment: 7

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees