JP4419549B2 - 極細短繊維不織布および皮革様シート状物ならびにそれらの製造方法 - Google Patents
極細短繊維不織布および皮革様シート状物ならびにそれらの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4419549B2 JP4419549B2 JP2003417656A JP2003417656A JP4419549B2 JP 4419549 B2 JP4419549 B2 JP 4419549B2 JP 2003417656 A JP2003417656 A JP 2003417656A JP 2003417656 A JP2003417656 A JP 2003417656A JP 4419549 B2 JP4419549 B2 JP 4419549B2
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- fiber
- nonwoven fabric
- leather
- sheet
- ultrafine
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Classifications
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using ultra-fine two-component fibres, e.g. island/sea, or ultra-fine one component fibres (< 1 denier)
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- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
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Description
単繊維繊度は0.0001〜0.5デシテックスであり、好ましくは0.001〜0.3デシテックス、より好ましくは0.005〜0.15デシテックス、さらに好ましくは0.005〜0.1デシテックスである。0.0001デシテックス未満であると、強度が低下するため好ましくない。また0.5デシテックスを越えると、風合いが堅くなり、また、表面品位が低下する等の問題も発生するため好ましくない。また、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、上記の範囲を越える繊度の繊維が含まれていてもよい。
引張強力がこの式を満足しない範囲であると、特に実質的に高分子弾性体を含まない皮革様シート状物においては、やぶれ等の問題が発生する可能性があるため好ましくない。また上限は特に限定されるものではないが、通常250N/cm以下となる。
さらにまた、タテおよびヨコ方向のいずれの引張強力も、以下の式を満足することがより好ましい。
本発明の皮革様シート状物は、ポリウレタン等の高分子弾性体を含まず、実質的に繊維素材からなるものであれば、充実感のある風合いとなるほか、リサイクル性等に優れるため好ましい。また同様に、繊維素材についても、いわゆるスパンデックスなどの弾性ポリマーからなる繊維を含まず、非弾性ポリマーからなる繊維であることが好ましい。
(1)目付、繊維見掛け密度
目付はJIS L 1096 8.4.2(1999)の方法で測定した。また、厚みをダイヤルシックネスゲージ((株)尾崎製作所製、商品名“ピーコックH”)により測定し、目付の値から計算によって繊維見掛け密度を求めた。
(2)引張強力、10%モジュラス
JIS L 1096 8.12.1(1999)により、幅5cm、長さ20cmのサンプルを採取し、つかみ間隔10cmで定速伸長型引張試験器にて、引張速度10cm/分にて伸長させた。得られた値を幅1cm当たりに換算して引張強力とした。またタテ方向における10%伸長時の強力を10%モジュラスの値とした。
(3)引き裂き強力
JIS L 1096 8.15.1(1999)D法(ペンジュラム法)に基づいて測定した。
(4)マーチンデール摩耗試験
JIS L 1096(1999)8.17.5 E法(マーチンデール法)家具用荷重(12kPa)に準じて測定される耐摩耗試験において、20000回の回数を摩耗した後の試験布の重量減を評価すると共に外観から毛玉の数を数えた。
海成分としてポリスチレン45部、島成分としてポリエチレンテレフタレート55部からなる単繊維繊度3デシテックス、36島、繊維長51mmの海島型複合短繊維を用い、カード、クロスラッパーを通してウェブを作製した。次いで1バーブ型のニードルパンチにて1500本/cm2の打ち込み密度で処理し、繊維見掛け密度0.21g/cm3の複合短繊維不織布を得た。次に約95℃に加温した重合度500、ケン化度88%のポリビニルアルコール(PVA1)12%の水溶液に固形分換算で不織布重量に対し25%の付着量になるように浸積し、PVAの含浸と同時に2分間収縮処理を行い、100℃にて乾燥して水分を除去した。得られたシートを約30℃のトリクレンでポリスチレンを完全に除去するまで処理し、単繊維繊度約0.046デシテックスの極細繊維を得た。次いで、室田製作所(株)製の標準型漉割機を用いて、厚み方向に対して垂直に2枚にスプリット処理した後、0.1mmの孔径で、0.6mm間隔のノズルヘッドからなるウォータージェットパンチにて、1m/分の処理速度で表裏ともに10MPaと20MPaで処理し、PVA1の除去とともに絡合を行った。
高速流体流処理を行う前にPVA1を95℃の熱水でPVA1が完全に除去するまで処理した以外は実施例1と同様に処理した。このようにして得られた極細短繊維不織布は実施例1と同様に極細繊維同士が絡合した緻密なシートであった。この物性を評価した結果を表1に示した。
海成分としてポリスチレン20部、島成分としてポリエチレンテレフタレート80部からなる単繊維繊度5デシテックス、25島、繊維長51mmの海島型複合繊維(島成分の繊度が約0.16デシテックス)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様に処理して極細短繊維不織布を得た。このようにして得られた極細短繊維不織布は極細繊維同士が絡合した緻密なシートであった。この物性を評価した結果を表1に示した。
島成分としてポリエチレンテレフタレートの代わりにナイロン6を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、極細短繊維不織布を得た。このようにして得られた極細短繊維不織布は極細繊維同士が絡合した緻密なシートであった。この物性を評価した結果を表1に示した。
海成分としてポリスチレン45部、島成分としてポリエチレンテレフタレート55部からなる単繊維繊度3デシテックス、36島、繊維長51mmの海島型複合繊維を用い、カード、クロスラッパーを通してウェブを作製した。次いで1バーブ型のニードルパンチにて1500本/cm2の打ち込み密度で処理し、繊維見掛け密度0.21g/cm3の複合短繊維不織布を得た。次いで0.1mmの孔径で、0.6mm間隔のノズルヘッドからなるウォータージェットパンチにて、1m/分の処理速度で両面ともに10MPa、20MPaで処理し、絡合を行った。次に約95℃に加温したPVA1の12%水溶液に固形分換算で不織布重量に対し25%の付着量になるように浸積し、PVA1の含浸と同時に2分収縮処理を行い、100℃にて乾燥して水分を除去した。得られたシートを約30℃のトリクレンでポリスチレンを完全に除去するまで処理し、次いでPVA1を除去して、単繊維繊度約0.046デシテックスの極細繊維を得た。
実施例1のPVA1を重合度500、鹸化度98%のPVA2とし、150℃、5分乾燥熱処理した以外は実施例1と同様に処理した。高速流体流処理を行った後にはPVA2が付着量に対し約90%残留していたため、さらに90℃の熱水にて抽出除去した。得られた極細短繊維不織布は極細繊維束が主として絡合した構造であり、実施例1〜4と比較して容易に変形するほど形態保持性に劣るものであった。この物性を評価した結果を表1に示した。
実施例1において、ウォータージェットパンチの条件として、0.25mmの孔径で、2.5mm間隔のノズルヘッドを用い、かつノズルヘッドを振幅7mm、5Hzでシート直角方向に揺動させながら、1m/分の速度で表裏共に9MPaの圧力で2回づつ処理した。得られた極細短繊維不織布は、極細繊維束と極細繊維の絡合が混在しており、比較例1や比較例2と比較して形態保持性に優れるものであったが、実施例1〜4と比較すると劣るものであった。この物性を評価した結果を表1に示した。
実施例1で得られた極細短繊維不織布を用い、エマルジョンポリウレタン(日華化学(株)製“エバファノールAPC−55”)を固形分5%付与するように含浸した後、150℃、10分で熱処理した。次いで液流染色機によってSumikaron Blue S−BBL200(住化ケムテックス(株)製)を用い20%owfの濃度で、120℃、45分で染色した後、サンドペーパーによる起毛処理を行ってスエード調の皮革様シート状物を得た。得られたものの物性は表2に示すように、ポリウレタンの量が少ないにも関わらず非常に強い物性が得られた。
実施例1で得られた極細短繊維不織布を用い、次いで液流染色機にて実施例5と同様に染色した後、150℃、5m/分の処理速度で加熱したカレンダープレスによって、厚みを0.52倍に圧縮した。次いでサンドペーパーにて起毛処理して皮革様シート状物を得た。得られたものは、非常に充実感のある風合いであり、また物性も表2に示すように優れていた。
繊維の使用量を変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして目付139g/m2、繊維見掛け密度0.317g/cm3の極細繊維同士が絡合した極細繊維不織布を作製し、次いで実施例6と同様に処理して皮革様シート状物を得た。得られたものは、薄地で柔軟でありながら充実感のある風合いであり、また物性も表2に示すように優れていた。
繊維の使用量を変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして目付495g/m2、繊維見掛け密度0.326g/cm3の極細繊維同士が絡合した極細繊維不織布を作製し、次いで実施例6と同様に処理して皮革様シート状物を得た。得られたものは、厚地で特に充実感のある風合いであり、また物性も表2に示すように優れていた。
繊維の使用量を変更し、さらにスプリット処理を行わなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして、目付181g/m2、繊維見掛け密度0.322g/cm3の極細繊維同士が絡合した極細短繊維不織布を得た。次いで実施例6と同様に処理して皮革様シート状物を得た。得られたものは、表2に示すように、特に耐摩耗性と引き裂き強力が高い等の優れた物性を有していたが、表面品位は実施例7と比較してやや低かった。
比較例1で得られた極細短繊維不織布を用い、エマルジョンポリウレタン(日華化学(株)製“エバファノールAPC−55”)を固形分5%付与するように含浸した後、150℃、10分で熱処理した。次いで液流染色機によって実施例6と同様に染色を行ったところ、染色中に破れてしまい、皮革様シート状物を得ることが出来なかった。
比較例2で得られた極細短繊維不織布を用い、液流染色機によって実施例6と同様に染色を行ったところ、染色中に破れてしまい、皮革様シート状物を得ることが出来なかった。
ポリマージオールとして、分子量2000のポリヘキサメチレンカーボネートジオールと、分子量2000のポリトリメチレングリコールの、50:50の混合物、ジイソシアネートとして4,4’−ジフェニルメタンジアミンイソシアネート、鎖伸長剤としてエチレングリコールを用い、常法によりポリウレタンを得て固形分が12重量%になるようにDMFで希釈し、さらに添加剤としてベンゾフェノン系紫外線吸収剤を1.5重量%加えてポリウレタン含浸液を調製した。次いで目付が150g/m2である以外は比較例1と同様にして得られた極細短繊維不織布をこのポリウレタン含浸液に浸漬し、絞りロールにてポリウレタンの固形分が繊維重量に対し60%となるように含浸液の付き量を調節した後、DMF水溶液中でポリウレタンを凝固せしめた。しかる後、85℃の熱水でDMFを除去した後、100℃にて乾燥した。次いで実施例6と同様に染色した後、サンドペーパーによる起毛処理を行って皮革様シート状物を得た。得られた物はゴム感覚が強く、天然皮革に類似した充実感はなかった。得られた皮革様シート状物の物性を表2に示した。
比較例1で得た極細短繊維不織布を染色することなくサンドペーパーにて起毛処理を行って白色のシート状物を得た。得られた物はほぼ極細短繊維不織布と同様の物性であったが、皮革様の外観は得られず、耐摩耗性にも劣るものであった。この結果を表2に示した。
比較例3で得た極細繊維不織布を用い、実施例7と同様に処理してシート状物を得た。得られたものは染色で破れることはなく引張や引裂等の物性は優れていたが表面にモモケが発生し、表面品位が劣り皮革様の外観が得られず、また耐摩耗性にも劣るものであった。この物性の結果を表2に示した。
Claims (22)
- 海島型複合繊維に由来する単繊維繊度0.0001〜0.5デシテックス、繊維長が10cm以下の極細短繊維を含み当該極細短繊維が高速流体処理により相互に絡合してなり、目付が100〜550g/m2、繊維見掛け密度が0.29〜0.7g/cm3、引張強力が70N/cm以上、引き裂き強力が3〜50Nであることを特徴とする極細短繊維不織布。
- 該極細短繊維の繊維長が1cm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の極細短繊維不織布。
- タテ方向の10%モジュラスが8N/cm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の極細短繊維不織布。
- 該極細短繊維がポリエステル系繊維および/またはポリアミド系繊維からなることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の極細短繊維不織布。
- 0.0001〜0.5デシテックスの極細繊維が発生可能な1〜10デシテックスの海島型複合短繊維を用いてニードルパンチ法により複合短繊維不織布を製造し、次いで極細化処理を行った後、少なくとも10MPaの圧力で高速流体流処理を行うことを特徴とする極細短繊維不織布の製造方法。
- 該ニードルパンチ法により複合短繊維不織布の繊維見掛け密度を0.12〜0.3g/cm3とすることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の極細短繊維不織布の製造方法。
- 0.06〜0.15mmの直径を有するノズルを用いて高速流体処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項5または6に記載の極細短繊維不織布の製造方法。
- 該高速流体流処理を行う前に、厚み方向に垂直に2枚以上にスプリット処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項5〜7のいずれかに記載の極細短繊維不織布の製造方法。
- 該高速流体流処理を施した後に、厚みを0.1〜0.8倍に圧縮処理することを特徴とする請求項5〜8のいずれかに記載の極細短繊維不織布の製造方法。
- 海島型複合繊維に由来する単繊維繊度0.0001〜0.5デシテックス、繊維長10cm以下の極細短繊維を含み当該極細短繊維が高速流体処理により相互に絡合してなり、目付が100〜550g/m2、繊維見掛け密度が0.29〜0.7g/cm3である染色されてなる極細短繊維不織布を含み、引き裂き強力が3〜50Nであり、かつ下式を満足することを特徴とする皮革様シート状物。
引張強力(N/cm)≧0.45×目付(g/m2)−40 - 実質的に繊維素材からなることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の皮革様シート状物。
- 該繊維素材が非弾性ポリマーの繊維からなることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の皮革様シート状物。
- 少なくとも一方の面が起毛されて成ることを特徴とする請求項10〜12のいずれかに記載の皮革様シート状物。
- マーチンデール法における摩耗試験において、20000回摩耗した時の摩耗減量が20mg以下であり、かつ毛玉の数が5個以下であることを特徴とする請求項10〜13のいずれかに記載の皮革様シート状物。
- 該極細短繊維がポリエステルおよび/またはポリアミドである請求項10〜14のいずれかに記載の皮革様シート状物。
- 極細短繊維の繊維長が1〜10cmであることを特徴とする請求項10〜15のいずれかに記載の皮革様シート状物。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の極細短繊維不織布を染色することを特徴とする皮革様シート状物の製造方法。
- 厚みを0.1〜0.8倍に圧縮処理することを特徴とする請求項17に記載の皮革様シート状物の製造方法。
- サンドペーパーにより起毛処理を施すことを特徴とする請求項17または18に記載の皮革様シート状物の製造方法。
- 0.0001〜0.5デシテックスの極細繊維が発生可能な海島型複合短繊維をニードルパンチにより絡合させた後に、極細繊維を発生させて極細短繊維不織布とし、次いで少なくとも10MPaの圧力で高速流体処理を行って再度絡合させ、その後に染色することを特徴とする皮革様シート状物の製造方法。
- 0.06〜0.15mmの直径を有するノズルを用いて高速流体処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項20に記載の皮革様シート状物の製造方法。
- 液流染色機により染色することを特徴とする請求項17〜21のいずれかに記載の皮革様シート状物の製造方法。
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| US10/564,789 US7998887B2 (en) | 2003-07-18 | 2004-07-07 | Nonwoven fabric containing ultra-fine fibers, leather-like sheet, and production methods thereof |
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| CN2009102093777A CN101701425B (zh) | 2003-07-18 | 2004-07-07 | 皮革状片状物及其制造方法 |
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| JP4350258B2 (ja) * | 2000-03-14 | 2009-10-21 | 株式会社クラレ | 染色性に優れた軽量繊維 |
| JP2001348457A (ja) | 2000-04-04 | 2001-12-18 | Mitsui Takeda Chemicals Inc | ポリウレタンの分解方法 |
| CA2342464A1 (en) | 2000-04-04 | 2001-10-04 | Takashi Kumaki | Method of decomposing a polyurethane |
| JP4055419B2 (ja) | 2002-01-23 | 2008-03-05 | 東レ株式会社 | 立毛調皮革様シート状物の製造方法 |
| JP2003286667A (ja) | 2002-03-26 | 2003-10-10 | Toray Ind Inc | 皮革様シート状物の製造方法 |
| US20050118394A1 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-06-02 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Artificial leather sheet substrate and production method thereof |
| JP4464119B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-12 | 2010-05-19 | 株式会社クラレ | 人工皮革用基材、これをベースとする各種人工皮革、および人工皮革用基材の製造方法 |
-
2003
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- 2004-07-07 CN CN2009102093777A patent/CN101701425B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20060038987A (ko) | 2006-05-04 |
| EP1647620B1 (en) | 2013-04-03 |
| CN101701425B (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
| EP1647620A1 (en) | 2006-04-19 |
| CA2532586A1 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
| TWI354725B (en) | 2011-12-21 |
| AU2004257967A1 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
| TW200510602A (en) | 2005-03-16 |
| CN101701425A (zh) | 2010-05-05 |
| AU2004257967B2 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
| US20060234587A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
| KR101156521B1 (ko) | 2012-06-20 |
| EP1647620A4 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
| JP2005054345A (ja) | 2005-03-03 |
| WO2005007960A1 (ja) | 2005-01-27 |
| KR20120043018A (ko) | 2012-05-03 |
| KR101167554B1 (ko) | 2012-07-27 |
| US7998887B2 (en) | 2011-08-16 |
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