JPH0151176B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0151176B2 JPH0151176B2 JP58231087A JP23108783A JPH0151176B2 JP H0151176 B2 JPH0151176 B2 JP H0151176B2 JP 58231087 A JP58231087 A JP 58231087A JP 23108783 A JP23108783 A JP 23108783A JP H0151176 B2 JPH0151176 B2 JP H0151176B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- substituted
- image
- silver
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 102
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 72
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004397 aminosulfonyl group Chemical group NS(=O)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004391 aryl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004421 aryl sulphonamide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005521 carbonamide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005415 substituted alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 120
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 41
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 27
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 26
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 19
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 17
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229920001747 Cellulose diacetate Polymers 0.000 description 15
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 11
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 10
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229940081735 acetylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O)OC(=O)C)O)O SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- NRUVOKMCGYWODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenepalladium Chemical compound [Pd]=S NRUVOKMCGYWODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N (1s,2s,3s,5r)-1-(carboxymethyl)-3,5-bis[(4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-propylcarbamoyl]cyclopentane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound O=C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@](CC(O)=O)([C@H](C(=O)N(CCC)CC=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)N(CCC)CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UNILWMWFPHPYOR-KXEYIPSPSA-M 1-[6-[2-[3-[3-[3-[2-[2-[3-[[2-[2-[[(2r)-1-[[2-[[(2r)-1-[3-[2-[2-[3-[[2-(2-amino-2-oxoethoxy)acetyl]amino]propoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]propylamino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-[(2r)-2,3-di(hexadecanoyloxy)propyl]sulfanyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl Chemical compound O=C1C(SCCC(=O)NCCCOCCOCCOCCCNC(=O)COCC(=O)N[C@@H](CSC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)NCCCOCCOCCOCCCNC(=O)COCC(N)=O)CC(=O)N1CCNC(=O)CCCCCN\1C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2CC/1=C/C=C/C=C/C1=[N+](CC)C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2C1 UNILWMWFPHPYOR-KXEYIPSPSA-M 0.000 description 4
- ZNFFXFYIHZSXFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-sulfanylidene-1h-imidazol-3-yl)benzoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C1N1C(=S)NC=C1 ZNFFXFYIHZSXFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 description 4
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uracil Chemical compound O=C1C=CNC(=O)N1 ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940126543 compound 14 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000002540 isothiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N (2S,3R)-N-[(2S)-3-(cyclopenten-1-yl)-1-[(2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylacetyl)amino]propanoyl]amino]propanamide Chemical compound C1(=CCCC1)C[C@@H](C(=O)[C@@]1(OC1)C)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)NC([C@H](C)NC(CN1CCOCC1)=O)=O)=O GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGKMIGUHVLGJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M (4z)-1-(3-methylbutyl)-4-[[1-(3-methylbutyl)quinolin-1-ium-4-yl]methylidene]quinoline;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C12=CC=CC=C2N(CCC(C)C)C=CC1=CC1=CC=[N+](CCC(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C12 QGKMIGUHVLGJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OXFSTTJBVAAALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thione Chemical compound SC1=NC=CN1 OXFSTTJBVAAALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical group CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YOETUEMZNOLGDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl carbonochloridate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(Cl)=O YOETUEMZNOLGDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VXEUGLRMYAXWKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenyl-1h-imidazole-2-thione Chemical compound S=C1NC=CN1C1=CC=CC=C1 VXEUGLRMYAXWKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940125797 compound 12 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 3
- DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M merocyanine Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1N(CCCC)C(=O)N(CCCC)C(=O)C1=C\C=C\C=C/1N(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O\1 DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N (3S)-3-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[5-[(3aS,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoylamino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-4-[1-bis(4-chlorophenoxy)phosphorylbutylamino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CCCCC1SC[C@@H]2NC(=O)N[C@H]12)C(C)C)P(=O)(Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1)Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1 QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HJKLEAOXCZIMPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diethoxyethanamine Chemical compound CCOC(CN)OCC HJKLEAOXCZIMPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052946 acanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aniline-p-carboxylic acid Natural products NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012496 blank sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- RIFGWPKJUGCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl chloroformate Chemical compound CCOC(Cl)=O RIFGWPKJUGCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002443 hydroxylamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XMJHPCRAQCTCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl chloroformate Chemical compound COC(Cl)=O XMJHPCRAQCTCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N oxazine, 1 Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@H](C(C[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)N(C)C)[C@H](O)C[C@]21C)=O)CC1=CC2)C[C@H]1[C@@]1(C)[C@H]2N=C(C(C)C)OC1 AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940056910 silver sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940035893 uracil Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-[(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O1 OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVNPEUJXKZFWSJ-LMTQTHQJSA-N (R)-N-[(4S)-8-[6-amino-5-[(3,3-difluoro-2-oxo-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)sulfanyl]pyrazin-2-yl]-2-oxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-4-yl]-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[S@@](=O)N[C@@H]1COCC11CCN(CC1)c1cnc(Sc2ccnc3NC(=O)C(F)(F)c23)c(N)n1 UVNPEUJXKZFWSJ-LMTQTHQJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVHNGVXBCWYLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diazinane-2-thione Chemical compound S=C1NCCCN1 NVHNGVXBCWYLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIQBWWVNTNHWEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diethoxyethylthiourea Chemical compound C(C)OC(CNC(=S)N)OCC YIQBWWVNTNHWEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVSFQJZRHXAUGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropanoyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(Cl)=O JVSFQJZRHXAUGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1h-triazole Chemical class N1NC=CN1 SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPMMJSPGZSFEAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diaminophenol;hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].NC1=CC=C(O)C([NH3+])=C1 VPMMJSPGZSFEAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBVILWHQIWQAQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine Chemical compound N1=CC=CN2N=C(C)N=C21 VBVILWHQIWQAQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVNPWFOVUDMGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylaminophenol sulfate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZVNPWFOVUDMGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFSGODDPMKJGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione;formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C.CC1(C)NC(=O)NC1=O ZFSGODDPMKJGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNGYZEMWVAWWOB-VAWYXSNFSA-N 5-[[4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-[(e)-2-[4-[[4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-sulfophenyl]ethenyl]benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound N=1C(NC=2C=C(C(\C=C\C=3C(=CC(NC=4N=C(N=C(NC=5C=CC=CC=5)N=4)N(CCO)CCO)=CC=3)S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=2)S(O)(=O)=O)=NC(N(CCO)CCO)=NC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 CNGYZEMWVAWWOB-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000926 Galactomannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NUGPIZCTELGDOS-QHCPKHFHSA-N N-[(1S)-3-[4-(3-methyl-5-propan-2-yl-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)piperidin-1-yl]-1-pyridin-3-ylpropyl]cyclopentanecarboxamide Chemical compound C(C)(C)C1=NN=C(N1C1CCN(CC1)CC[C@@H](C=1C=NC=CC=1)NC(=O)C1CCCC1)C NUGPIZCTELGDOS-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XCFIVNQHHFZRNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].Cl[IH]Br Chemical compound [Ag].Cl[IH]Br XCFIVNQHHFZRNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAMPNQJDUFQVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;phthalic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O GAMPNQJDUFQVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl alcohol Substances CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPHMMPRFMVERHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid;n,n-diethylethanamine Chemical compound NC([S-])=S.CC[NH+](CC)CC QPHMMPRFMVERHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000298 carbocyanine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005392 carboxamide group Chemical group NC(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012320 chlorinating reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002603 chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])Cl 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125773 compound 10 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005448 ethoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- MLOJHUCMCKBDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4-isothiocyanatobenzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N=C=S)C=C1 MLOJHUCMCKBDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol monododecyl ether Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCO SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002343 gold Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079865 intestinal antiinfectives imidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLVXBBHTMQJRSX-VMGNSXQWSA-N jdtic Chemical compound C1([C@]2(C)CCN(C[C@@H]2C)C[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H]2NCC3=CC(O)=CC=C3C2)=CC=CC(O)=C1 ZLVXBBHTMQJRSX-VMGNSXQWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- QENHCSSJTJWZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium sulfide Chemical class [Mg+2].[S-2] QENHCSSJTJWZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VDUIPQNXOQMTBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylhydroxylamine Chemical compound CCNO VDUIPQNXOQMTBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPQCSJYYDADLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylhydroxylamine Chemical compound CNO CPQCSJYYDADLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CELWCAITJAEQNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxan-2-ol Chemical compound OC1CCCCO1 CELWCAITJAEQNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium silver Chemical compound [Pd].[Ag] SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010647 peptide synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- QWYZFXLSWMXLDM-UHFFFAOYSA-M pinacyanol iodide Chemical compound [I-].C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2N(CC)C1=CC=CC1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=[N+]1CC QWYZFXLSWMXLDM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001290 polyvinyl ester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SHDYYSNIEDHLIN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;3-pentadecylphenolate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC([O-])=C1 SHDYYSNIEDHLIN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NDGRWYRVNANFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidin-3-one Chemical class O=C1CCNN1 NDGRWYRVNANFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QHASIAZYSXZCGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Se]=[Ni] QHASIAZYSXZCGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SDKPSXWGRWWLKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)[O-] SDKPSXWGRWWLKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000565 sulfonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
- G03C8/24—Photosensitive materials characterised by the image-receiving section
- G03C8/243—Toners for the silver image
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/166—Toner containing
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Description
ïŒç£æ¥äžã®å©çšåéïŒ
æ¬çºæã¯ãéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ã«çšããåçèŠçŽ ã«
é¢ãããã®ã§ããã ïŒåŸæ¥æè¡ïŒ åŸæ¥ãããã²ã³åéãªã©ã®éå¡©ãå©çšããæ¡æ£
転ååçæ³ãç¥ãããŠããããã®ãããªåçæ³ã«
ãããŠã¯é²å ãããããã²ã³åéåçä¹³å€ã嫿
ããæå èŠçŽ ãšãéæ²æ®¿å€ã嫿ããååèŠçŽ ãš
ãéãåããããããïŒã€ã®èŠçŽ ã®éã«ãçŸåäž»
è¬ã®ååšäžã§ããã²ã³åéæº¶å€ãå«ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§
åŠçè¬ãå¡ãã€ããŠåŠçããããšã«ãããååèŠ
çŽ äžã«çŽæ¥ã«ããžã®éç»åãåŸãæ¹æ³ãç¥ãããŠ
ããã ãã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ãæå èŠçŽ äžã®æªé²å ã®ããã²ã³
åéä¹³å€ããããã²ã³åéæº¶å€ã«ããæº¶è§£ãããŠ
éã€ãªã³é¯äœãšããŠã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§åŠçæ¶²äžã«æº¶ãåº
ããååèŠçŽ ã«è»¢åããŠãååèŠçŽ äžã§éæ²æ®¿å€
ã®äœçšã«ããéç»åãšããŠæ²æ®¿ããããšã«ãã€
ãŠãçŽæ¥ããžç»åã圢æãããã ãã®æ¹æ³ã§çšããããååèŠçŽ ã¯ãéåžžããã©
ã€ã¿çŽãããªãšãã¬ã³ã©ãããŒãçŽãã©ãã«ãŒ
çŽãåæçŽãªã©ã®çŽæ¯æäœããããã¯ãã¢ã»ãã«
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒããããª
ã¹ãã¬ã³ãªã©ã®ãã€ã«ã æ¯æäœã®äžã«ããŒã©ã
ã³ãã«ã«ããã·ã¡ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãããããã·ãš
ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãåçã»ã«ããŒã¹ãããªããã«ã¢
ã«ã³ãŒã«ãã¢ã«ã®ã³é žãããªãŠã ããã³ãã³ãã¢
ã©ãã¢ãŽã ãã³ãã€ãã«ã·ãªã«ãªã©ããéžã°ãã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªæµžéæ§ããªããŒãã€ã³ããŒäžã«ç¡«åãã
ã±ã«ãç¡«åéãç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã ãªã©ã®éå±ç¡«å
ç©ããããã¯ãéãéããã©ãžãŠã ãªã©ã®è²Žéå±
ã³ãã€ãããéžã°ããéæ²æ®¿å€ã嫿ããååå±€
ãèšããããšã«ããäœãããŠããã ãããã®ååèŠçŽ ãæ¹è¯ããããã«ã以åãã
æ°å€ãã®çºæããªãããç¹èš±åºé¡ãããŠãããã
ããã®äžã§ãååå±€ã®ãã€ã³ããŒãšããŠåçã»ã«
ããŒã¹ãçšããæ¹æ³ãç¥ãããŠããã ããªãã¡ãç±³åœç¹èš±3179517ã«ã¯ãã¢ã»ãã«ã»
ã«ããŒã¹ãã€ã«ã ãã¢ã«ã«ãªã§å æ°Žåè§£ããŠåç
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã®å±€ã圢æãããã®åŸã§ããã®åçã»
ã«ããŒã¹å±€ãé塩溶液ãšéå 倿º¶æ¶²ãšã«æµžæŒ¬ã
ãŠããã®å±€ã®äžã§åå¿ãããéã³ãã€ãã®éæ²æ®¿
å€ã«ããããšã«ãã€ãŠååèŠçŽ ãäœæããæ¹æ³ã
èšèŒãããŠããããŸããç¹å ¬æ44â32754ã«ã¯ã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªéæµžéæ§ããªããŒç©è³ªã«ç空èžçã«ãã€
ãŠéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãŸããåŸã§ããã®ããªããŒç©è³ªã
溶解ããæº¶åªã«æº¶ããããããæ¯æäœã«å¡åžãã
也ç¥ããã®ã¡ããã®ããªããŒå±€ã®è¡šé¢å±€ãå æ°Žå
è§£ããŠã¢ã«ã«ãªæµžéæ§ã«ããããšã«ãã€ãŠäœæã
ãååèŠçŽ ã«ã€ããŠèšèŒãããŠããã ãŸããç¹å ¬æ46â43944ã«ã¯ãã¢ã»ãã«ã»ã«ã
ãŒã¹ã®æº¶æ¶²ã®äžã§éæ²æ®¿å€ã圢æããæ¯æäœäžã«
å¡åžããŠããã¢ã»ãã«ã¢ã«ããŒã¹ãå æ°Žåè§£ããŠ
åçã»ã«ããŒã¹ã«ããããšã«ããååèŠçŽ ãäœæ
ããæ¹æ³ã«ã€ããŠèšèŒãããŠããã ããã«ç¹å ¬æ51â49411ã«ã¯ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹
ãã«å±€ãå æ°Žåè§£ããå æ°Žåè§£ãšåæåã¯åŸã«ã
å æ°Žåè§£ãããå±€ã«éæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãŸããããšã«ã
ã€ãŠèª¿è£œãããååèŠçŽ ã«ã€ããŠèšèŒãããŠã
ãã ããã«ç±³åœç¹èš±4163816å·ã«ã¯ã¢ã»ãã«ã»ã«ã
ãŒã¹ã溶液äžã§é žã§å æ°Žåè§£ããäœé ¢å床ã®ã¢ã»
ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã«å€ããæ¯æäœäžã«å¡åžããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠäœæããååèŠçŽ ã«ã€ããŠèšèŒãããŠã
ãã ããããªããããã®ããã«ããŠããããååèŠ
çŽ ã«åœ¢æãããéç»åã¯ãä¿åäžã«å€è²ãããã
ããã¯éè²ããããããããšããæ¬ ç¹ããã€ãã ãã®æ¬ ç¹ãæ¹è¯ããæ¹æ³ãšããŠãç¹å ¬æ46â
5392ãç±³åœç¹èš±3533789ããã³è±åœç¹èš±1164642ã®
åæçްæžã«ã¯ãããããéç»å衚é¢ã«ã¢ã«ã«ãªäž
åæåã嫿ããæ°Žæº¶æ§ããªããŒæ¶²ãå¡åžããæ¹
æ³ãèšèŒãããŠãããããããªããããã®æ¹æ³ã§
ã¯ãããªããŒæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãå¡åžãã衚é¢ãå®å šã«ä¹Ÿç¥
ãããŸã§ã«ããªãã®æéãèŠãããã®éã衚é¢ã
ããããããŠç²çæ§ã§ããã®ã§ããªã³ããéãã
ããšãã§ãããæçŽã塵åãä»çããããšããã°
ãã°ãã€ãããŸããéç»åã«ãããã«ãã®ãããª
æ¶²ãå¡åžããããšã¯ç ©éã§ããã ç¹å ¬æ56â44418å·æçŽ°æžã«ã¯ãæ¯æäœã®äžã«ã
ïŒïŒæ¡æ£å¯èœã§éç»åã®æ§è³ªãå€ãããååç©
ã嫿ããå æ°Žåè§£å¯èœã§ãå æ°Žåè§£ãããŠã¢ã«
ã«ãªæµžéæ§ã«ãªãã»ã«ããŒãºãšã¹ãã«ãããªãã
ã«ãšã¹ãã«ãŸãã¯ããªããã«ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«å±€ããã³
ãã®äžã«ïŒïŒéæ²æ®¿å€ã嫿ããåçã»ã«ããŒ
ãºå±€ãèšããååèŠçŽ ãé瀺ãããŠããããã
ãŠãæ¡æ£å¯èœã§éç»åã®æ§è³ªãå€ãããååç©ãš
ããŠã¯ãææ©ã¡ã«ã«ããååç©ãèšèŒãããŠã
ãããã®å Žåãæ¡æ£è»¢ååŠçæ¶²ãå±€ã®ã¡ã«ã«ã
ãååç©ãåŸã ã«å±€ã«æ¡æ£ããŠããŠãå±€ã«ç
æããŠããéç»åãä¿è·ããå€è²ãéè²ã鲿¢ã
ã广ãæããã ãã®ãããªå€è²ãã耪è²ã鲿¢ãã广ãå®å š
ã«çºæ®ãããããã«ã¯ãã¡ã«ã«ããååç©ãåå
ãªå€è€ªè²é²æ¢ã®èœåããã€ãŠããããã€ãæªçŸå
ã®ååèŠçŽ ãä¿åããŠããéããã³æ¡æ£è»¢ååŠç
äžã¯ãå±€ã«çãŸã€ãŠããŠãæ¡æ£è»¢ååŠçã«ãã€
ãŠéç»åã®çæåŸã«ãå±€ããå±€ãžæµžéããŠã
ã€ãŠãå±€ã«çæããç»åãä¿è·ããããšãå¿ èŠ
ã§ãããå®å šã«æ¡æ£è»¢ååŠçãçµäºããªããã¡
ã«ãã¡ã«ã«ããååç©ã®å±€ããå±€ãžã®æ¡æ£ã
èµ·ããšãçŸåãæå¶ãããååææäžã®è»¢åéç»
åã®å åŠæ¿åºŠãå šäœçã«äœäžããããŸããã¡ã«ã«
ããååç©ã®æ¡æ£ãé ããããšãã¡ã«ã«ããåå
ç©ã«ãã€ãŠéç»åãä¿è·ãããåã«ç»åã®å€è²ã
éè²ãèµ·ã€ãŠããŸãã ããããªãããç¹å ¬æ56â44418ã«èšèŒãããŠ
ããã¡ã«ã«ããååç©ã¯ãå€è²åã¯è€ªè²é²æ¢ã®èœ
åãäžå åã§ããç»åã®å€è²ã耪è²ãèµ·ãããã
æªçŸåã®ååèŠçŽ ãä¿åããŠããéã«å±€ãã
å±€ãžæ¡æ£ããŠçŸãæå¶ãã転åéç»åã®å åŠæ¿åºŠ
ãäœäžããããšããæ¬ ç¹ããã€ãã ãŸããç¹éæ49â120634ã«ã¯ãéç»åã®æ§è³ªã
å€ããååç©ã嫿ããããªããŒå±€ãšããŠå€äŸ¡ã¢
ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®ã¢ãã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒãåã¯ã¢ãã¡ã¿ã¢ã¯ãª
ã¬ãŒãã®ãã¢ããªããŒãã³ããªããŒããã³ã°ã©ã
ãããªããŒãçšããããšã«ãã€ãŠäœæããååèŠ
çŽ ã«ã€ããŠèšèŒãããŠããã ããããªãããç¹éæ49â120634ã«èšèŒãããŠ
ããååç©ã¯ãç¹å ¬æ56â44418ã«èšèŒãããŠã
ãååç©ãšåæ§ã«ç»åã®å€è²ã耪è²é²æ¢ãäžåå
ã§ãã€ãããæªçŸåã®ååèŠçŽ ãä¿åããŠããé
ã«ã転åéç»åã®å åŠæ¿åºŠãäœäžãããšããæ¬ ç¹
ããã€ãã ããã«è±åœç¹èš±1276961ã«ã¯æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ã§å®å®
ãªéç»åãåŸãããã«ïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããâïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒâããªã¢ãŸãŒã«èªå°äœãçšããããšãé瀺ãã
ãŠããããŸãç±³åœç¹èš±3655380ã«ã¯ãïŒâã»ã¬ã
âïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããã©ãŸãŒã«èªå°äœããæ¡æ£
è»¢åæ³ã§åŸãããéç»åã®è²èª¿ãäžç°è²ã«æ¹è¯ã§
ããã ãã§ãªããå®å®ãªéç»åãäžããããšãé
瀺ãããŠããã ããããªããããããã®ååç©ã§ã¯ãæ¡æ£è»¢å
æ³ã«ããåŸãããéç»åã®å®å®åã®å¹æã¯äžåå
ã§ãããç»åã®å€è²ã耪è²ãèµ·ãããšããæ¬ ç¹ã
ãããããã«éç»åã®å®å®åã®å¹æã倧ããåå
ç©ãæãŸããŠããã ïŒçºæã®ç®çïŒ æ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãæ°èŠãªæ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã
æäŸããããšã§ããã æ¬çºæã®å¥ã®ç®çã¯ãæ°èŠãªæ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ååèŠ
çŽ ãæäŸããããšã§ããã æ¬çºæã®å¥ã®ç®çã¯ãçŸååŠçãè¡ãªãåã®ä¿
åäžã«æ§èœã®å€ãããªãæ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ååèŠçŽ ãæ
äŸããããšã§ããã æ¬çºæã®å¥ã®ç®çã¯ãæ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ã§å®å®ãªéç»
åãäœãããã®ååèŠçŽ ãæäŸããããšã§ããã æ¬çºæã®å¥ã®ç®çã¯ãæ°èŠãªç»åå®å®åå€ãæ
äŸããããšã§ããã ïŒçºæã®æ§æïŒ æ¬çºæã®äžèšè«žç®çã¯ããã²ã³åéæå èŠçŽ ã
ååèŠçŽ åã³åŠçèŠçŽ ãããªãéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³å
çèŠçŽ ã«ãããŠã該èŠçŽ ã®ããããïŒã€ã«äžèšäž
è¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ã嫿ã
ãããšãç¹åŸŽãšããéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã«ã
ã€ãŠéæãããã åŒäžR0ã¯åãã§ãç°ãªã€ãŠããŠããããæ°ŽçŽ
ååãããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°ïŒŠãClãRrïŒãã¢ã«
ãã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸ
ãã°ã¡ãã«åºããšãã«åºïŒã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºå¥œãŸ
ããã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éšåã®ççŽ æ°ãïŒã14ã®çœ®æã¢ã«
ãã«åºã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºå¥œãŸ
ããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ã眮æã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ïŒäŸãã°ã¡ããã·
åºããšããã·åºïŒã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«
ã¹ã«ããã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ã眮
æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºå¥œãŸãã
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒãã
ã該ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºã®çªçŽ ååã¯ççŽ æ°14以äž
ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«
åºã眮æã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã眮æã¢
ãªãŒã«åºãïŒãïŒå¡ã®çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãç¡«é»
ååã®å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ãïŒå以äžå«ã眮æãŸãã¯
ç¡çœ®æã®è€çŽ ç°åºã§çœ®æãããŠããŠãããã該çª
çŽ ååäžã®ïŒã€ã®çœ®æåºãäºãã«é£ãªã€ãŠç°ã圢
æããŠããããïŒãã¢ã«ãã«ãŸãã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ã
ã³ã¢ããåºïŒãã ãã¢ã«ãã«éšåãŸãã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«
éšåã¯çœ®æåºãæããŠãããã該ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ãã
åºã®çªçŽ ååã¯ãççŽ æ°14以äžã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮
æã¢ã«ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮æã·ã¯ãã¢
ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã眮æã¢ãªãŒã«åºãïŒãïŒ
å¡ã®çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãç¡«é»ååã®å°ãªããšã
ïŒçš®ãïŒå以äžå«ã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®è€çŽ ç°åº
ã§çœ®æãããŠããŠããããïŒãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒã
ã ã該ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºã®çªçŽ ååã¯ççŽ æ°14以äž
ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«
åºã眮æã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã眮æã¢
ãªãŒã«åºãïŒãïŒå¡ã®çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãç¡«é»
ååã®å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ãïŒå以äžå«ã眮æãŸãã¯
ç¡çœ®æã®è€çŽ ç°åºã§çœ®æãããŠããŠãããã該çª
çŽ ååäžã®ïŒã€ã®çœ®ãäºã«é£ãªã€ãŠç°ã圢æããŠ
ããŠããããïŒãã«ã«ãã¢ããåºïŒãã ã該ã«ã«ã
ã³ã¢ããåºã®çªçŽ ååã¯ççŽ æ°14以äžã®ã¢ã«ãã«
åºã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮æã·
ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã眮æã¢ãªãŒã«åºã
ïŒãïŒå¡ã®çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãç¡«é»ååã®ãã¡
å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ãïŒå以äžå«ã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æ
ã®è€çŽ ç°åºã§çœ®æãããŠããŠããããïŒãè€çŽ ç°åº
奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒå¡ã®çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãç¡«é»
ååã®ãã¡å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ãïŒå以äžå«ã眮æãŸ
ãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®è€çŽ ç°åºã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ãª
ãŒã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°14以äžã®ãã®ãã¢ã·ã«åº
奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°14以äžã®ãã®ã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®
æã®ã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒ
ã14ã®ãã®ã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åº
奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ã眮æåã¯ç¡çœ®æ
ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ããªåºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ã
ã®ã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåºå¥œãŸãã
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ãïŒçŽã¢ããåºãŸãã¯ãã®
å¡©ãççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãŸãã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã
14ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã§çœ®æãããïŒçŽãŸãã¯ïŒçŽã¢ã
ãåºãŸãã¯ãã®å¡©ãäœãã¢ã«ãã«åºãŸãã¯ã¢ãªãŒ
ã«åºã¯çœ®æåºãæããŠããŠãããããããåºãã
ãããã·åºãã«ã«ããã·ã«åºãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºããŸ
ãã¯ã·ã¢ãåºã衚ãããR1ãR2ã¯åã æ°ŽçŽ ååã
ããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°å¡©çŽ ååãèçŽ ååïŒãã¢
ã«ãã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ïŒäŸãã°
ã¡ãã«åºããšãã«åºïŒã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºå¥œãŸãã
ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éšåã®ççŽ æ°ãïŒã14ã®ãã®ïŒäŸãã°
ã¡ããã·ãšãã«åºããšããã·ãšãã«åºãã¯ãã«ãš
ãã«åºããã³ãžã«åºïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒäŸãã°ããš
ãã«åºããããã«åºïŒã衚ããã R3ãã¢ã«ãã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ã®ã
ã®ïŒäŸãã°ããã«åºãããã·ã«åºããªã¯ãã«åºïŒã
眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éšåã®ççŽ æ°
ãïŒã30ã®ãã®ïŒäŸãã°ã¡ããã·åºããã³ãžã«
åºãããããã·ãšãã«åºïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒäŸãã°
ããšãã«åºããããã«åºïŒãŸãã¯çœ®æã¢ãªãŒã«
åºãè€çŽ ç°åºå¥œãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒå¡ã®çªçŽ ååãé ž
çŽ ååãç¡«é»ååã®ãã¡å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ãïŒå以
äžå«ã眮æåã¯ç¡çœ®æã®è€çŽ ç°åºã衚ããã R1åã¯R2ã§è¡šãããã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºã®çœ®æ
åºãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ãã
ã·åºããšããã·åºïŒãããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°Clã
BrïŒããšãã«åºãæããããã R3ã§è¡šãããã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºã®çœ®æåºãšã
ãŠã¯äŸãã°ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ããã·åºããš
ããã·åºïŒãããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°ClãBrïŒãã
ãšãã«åºãããããã·ã«åºãæããããã R3ã§è¡šãããã眮æã¢ãªãŒã«åºã®çœ®æåºãšã
ãŠã¯ãäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ãã«åºããšã
ã«åºïŒãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒã¡ããã·åºããšããã·
åºïŒãããã²ã³ååïŒClãBrïŒãæããããã A1ã¯äºäŸ¡ã®åºã衚ããã奜ãŸããäºäŸ¡ã®åºãš
ããŠæ¬¡ã®ãã®ãæããããã ïŒâCH2ïŒâo1 ïŒâCH2ïŒâo1ãäœãn1ã¯11ãïŒã®
æŽæ°ã ïŒâCH2ïŒo2âãäœãn2ã¯ïŒã12ã®æŽæ°ã
é¢ãããã®ã§ããã ïŒåŸæ¥æè¡ïŒ åŸæ¥ãããã²ã³åéãªã©ã®éå¡©ãå©çšããæ¡æ£
転ååçæ³ãç¥ãããŠããããã®ãããªåçæ³ã«
ãããŠã¯é²å ãããããã²ã³åéåçä¹³å€ã嫿
ããæå èŠçŽ ãšãéæ²æ®¿å€ã嫿ããååèŠçŽ ãš
ãéãåããããããïŒã€ã®èŠçŽ ã®éã«ãçŸåäž»
è¬ã®ååšäžã§ããã²ã³åéæº¶å€ãå«ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§
åŠçè¬ãå¡ãã€ããŠåŠçããããšã«ãããååèŠ
çŽ äžã«çŽæ¥ã«ããžã®éç»åãåŸãæ¹æ³ãç¥ãããŠ
ããã ãã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ãæå èŠçŽ äžã®æªé²å ã®ããã²ã³
åéä¹³å€ããããã²ã³åéæº¶å€ã«ããæº¶è§£ãããŠ
éã€ãªã³é¯äœãšããŠã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§åŠçæ¶²äžã«æº¶ãåº
ããååèŠçŽ ã«è»¢åããŠãååèŠçŽ äžã§éæ²æ®¿å€
ã®äœçšã«ããéç»åãšããŠæ²æ®¿ããããšã«ãã€
ãŠãçŽæ¥ããžç»åã圢æãããã ãã®æ¹æ³ã§çšããããååèŠçŽ ã¯ãéåžžããã©
ã€ã¿çŽãããªãšãã¬ã³ã©ãããŒãçŽãã©ãã«ãŒ
çŽãåæçŽãªã©ã®çŽæ¯æäœããããã¯ãã¢ã»ãã«
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒããããª
ã¹ãã¬ã³ãªã©ã®ãã€ã«ã æ¯æäœã®äžã«ããŒã©ã
ã³ãã«ã«ããã·ã¡ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãããããã·ãš
ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãåçã»ã«ããŒã¹ãããªããã«ã¢
ã«ã³ãŒã«ãã¢ã«ã®ã³é žãããªãŠã ããã³ãã³ãã¢
ã©ãã¢ãŽã ãã³ãã€ãã«ã·ãªã«ãªã©ããéžã°ãã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªæµžéæ§ããªããŒãã€ã³ããŒäžã«ç¡«åãã
ã±ã«ãç¡«åéãç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã ãªã©ã®éå±ç¡«å
ç©ããããã¯ãéãéããã©ãžãŠã ãªã©ã®è²Žéå±
ã³ãã€ãããéžã°ããéæ²æ®¿å€ã嫿ããååå±€
ãèšããããšã«ããäœãããŠããã ãããã®ååèŠçŽ ãæ¹è¯ããããã«ã以åãã
æ°å€ãã®çºæããªãããç¹èš±åºé¡ãããŠãããã
ããã®äžã§ãååå±€ã®ãã€ã³ããŒãšããŠåçã»ã«
ããŒã¹ãçšããæ¹æ³ãç¥ãããŠããã ããªãã¡ãç±³åœç¹èš±3179517ã«ã¯ãã¢ã»ãã«ã»
ã«ããŒã¹ãã€ã«ã ãã¢ã«ã«ãªã§å æ°Žåè§£ããŠåç
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã®å±€ã圢æãããã®åŸã§ããã®åçã»
ã«ããŒã¹å±€ãé塩溶液ãšéå 倿º¶æ¶²ãšã«æµžæŒ¬ã
ãŠããã®å±€ã®äžã§åå¿ãããéã³ãã€ãã®éæ²æ®¿
å€ã«ããããšã«ãã€ãŠååèŠçŽ ãäœæããæ¹æ³ã
èšèŒãããŠããããŸããç¹å ¬æ44â32754ã«ã¯ã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªéæµžéæ§ããªããŒç©è³ªã«ç空èžçã«ãã€
ãŠéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãŸããåŸã§ããã®ããªããŒç©è³ªã
溶解ããæº¶åªã«æº¶ããããããæ¯æäœã«å¡åžãã
也ç¥ããã®ã¡ããã®ããªããŒå±€ã®è¡šé¢å±€ãå æ°Žå
è§£ããŠã¢ã«ã«ãªæµžéæ§ã«ããããšã«ãã€ãŠäœæã
ãååèŠçŽ ã«ã€ããŠèšèŒãããŠããã ãŸããç¹å ¬æ46â43944ã«ã¯ãã¢ã»ãã«ã»ã«ã
ãŒã¹ã®æº¶æ¶²ã®äžã§éæ²æ®¿å€ã圢æããæ¯æäœäžã«
å¡åžããŠããã¢ã»ãã«ã¢ã«ããŒã¹ãå æ°Žåè§£ããŠ
åçã»ã«ããŒã¹ã«ããããšã«ããååèŠçŽ ãäœæ
ããæ¹æ³ã«ã€ããŠèšèŒãããŠããã ããã«ç¹å ¬æ51â49411ã«ã¯ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹
ãã«å±€ãå æ°Žåè§£ããå æ°Žåè§£ãšåæåã¯åŸã«ã
å æ°Žåè§£ãããå±€ã«éæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãŸããããšã«ã
ã€ãŠèª¿è£œãããååèŠçŽ ã«ã€ããŠèšèŒãããŠã
ãã ããã«ç±³åœç¹èš±4163816å·ã«ã¯ã¢ã»ãã«ã»ã«ã
ãŒã¹ã溶液äžã§é žã§å æ°Žåè§£ããäœé ¢å床ã®ã¢ã»
ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã«å€ããæ¯æäœäžã«å¡åžããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠäœæããååèŠçŽ ã«ã€ããŠèšèŒãããŠã
ãã ããããªããããã®ããã«ããŠããããååèŠ
çŽ ã«åœ¢æãããéç»åã¯ãä¿åäžã«å€è²ãããã
ããã¯éè²ããããããããšããæ¬ ç¹ããã€ãã ãã®æ¬ ç¹ãæ¹è¯ããæ¹æ³ãšããŠãç¹å ¬æ46â
5392ãç±³åœç¹èš±3533789ããã³è±åœç¹èš±1164642ã®
åæçްæžã«ã¯ãããããéç»å衚é¢ã«ã¢ã«ã«ãªäž
åæåã嫿ããæ°Žæº¶æ§ããªããŒæ¶²ãå¡åžããæ¹
æ³ãèšèŒãããŠãããããããªããããã®æ¹æ³ã§
ã¯ãããªããŒæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãå¡åžãã衚é¢ãå®å šã«ä¹Ÿç¥
ãããŸã§ã«ããªãã®æéãèŠãããã®éã衚é¢ã
ããããããŠç²çæ§ã§ããã®ã§ããªã³ããéãã
ããšãã§ãããæçŽã塵åãä»çããããšããã°
ãã°ãã€ãããŸããéç»åã«ãããã«ãã®ãããª
æ¶²ãå¡åžããããšã¯ç ©éã§ããã ç¹å ¬æ56â44418å·æçŽ°æžã«ã¯ãæ¯æäœã®äžã«ã
ïŒïŒæ¡æ£å¯èœã§éç»åã®æ§è³ªãå€ãããååç©
ã嫿ããå æ°Žåè§£å¯èœã§ãå æ°Žåè§£ãããŠã¢ã«
ã«ãªæµžéæ§ã«ãªãã»ã«ããŒãºãšã¹ãã«ãããªãã
ã«ãšã¹ãã«ãŸãã¯ããªããã«ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«å±€ããã³
ãã®äžã«ïŒïŒéæ²æ®¿å€ã嫿ããåçã»ã«ããŒ
ãºå±€ãèšããååèŠçŽ ãé瀺ãããŠããããã
ãŠãæ¡æ£å¯èœã§éç»åã®æ§è³ªãå€ãããååç©ãš
ããŠã¯ãææ©ã¡ã«ã«ããååç©ãèšèŒãããŠã
ãããã®å Žåãæ¡æ£è»¢ååŠçæ¶²ãå±€ã®ã¡ã«ã«ã
ãååç©ãåŸã ã«å±€ã«æ¡æ£ããŠããŠãå±€ã«ç
æããŠããéç»åãä¿è·ããå€è²ãéè²ã鲿¢ã
ã广ãæããã ãã®ãããªå€è²ãã耪è²ã鲿¢ãã广ãå®å š
ã«çºæ®ãããããã«ã¯ãã¡ã«ã«ããååç©ãåå
ãªå€è€ªè²é²æ¢ã®èœåããã€ãŠããããã€ãæªçŸå
ã®ååèŠçŽ ãä¿åããŠããéããã³æ¡æ£è»¢ååŠç
äžã¯ãå±€ã«çãŸã€ãŠããŠãæ¡æ£è»¢ååŠçã«ãã€
ãŠéç»åã®çæåŸã«ãå±€ããå±€ãžæµžéããŠã
ã€ãŠãå±€ã«çæããç»åãä¿è·ããããšãå¿ èŠ
ã§ãããå®å šã«æ¡æ£è»¢ååŠçãçµäºããªããã¡
ã«ãã¡ã«ã«ããååç©ã®å±€ããå±€ãžã®æ¡æ£ã
èµ·ããšãçŸåãæå¶ãããååææäžã®è»¢åéç»
åã®å åŠæ¿åºŠãå šäœçã«äœäžããããŸããã¡ã«ã«
ããååç©ã®æ¡æ£ãé ããããšãã¡ã«ã«ããåå
ç©ã«ãã€ãŠéç»åãä¿è·ãããåã«ç»åã®å€è²ã
éè²ãèµ·ã€ãŠããŸãã ããããªãããç¹å ¬æ56â44418ã«èšèŒãããŠ
ããã¡ã«ã«ããååç©ã¯ãå€è²åã¯è€ªè²é²æ¢ã®èœ
åãäžå åã§ããç»åã®å€è²ã耪è²ãèµ·ãããã
æªçŸåã®ååèŠçŽ ãä¿åããŠããéã«å±€ãã
å±€ãžæ¡æ£ããŠçŸãæå¶ãã転åéç»åã®å åŠæ¿åºŠ
ãäœäžããããšããæ¬ ç¹ããã€ãã ãŸããç¹éæ49â120634ã«ã¯ãéç»åã®æ§è³ªã
å€ããååç©ã嫿ããããªããŒå±€ãšããŠå€äŸ¡ã¢
ã«ã³ãŒã«ã®ã¢ãã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒãåã¯ã¢ãã¡ã¿ã¢ã¯ãª
ã¬ãŒãã®ãã¢ããªããŒãã³ããªããŒããã³ã°ã©ã
ãããªããŒãçšããããšã«ãã€ãŠäœæããååèŠ
çŽ ã«ã€ããŠèšèŒãããŠããã ããããªãããç¹éæ49â120634ã«èšèŒãããŠ
ããååç©ã¯ãç¹å ¬æ56â44418ã«èšèŒãããŠã
ãååç©ãšåæ§ã«ç»åã®å€è²ã耪è²é²æ¢ãäžåå
ã§ãã€ãããæªçŸåã®ååèŠçŽ ãä¿åããŠããé
ã«ã転åéç»åã®å åŠæ¿åºŠãäœäžãããšããæ¬ ç¹
ããã€ãã ããã«è±åœç¹èš±1276961ã«ã¯æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ã§å®å®
ãªéç»åãåŸãããã«ïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããâïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒâããªã¢ãŸãŒã«èªå°äœãçšããããšãé瀺ãã
ãŠããããŸãç±³åœç¹èš±3655380ã«ã¯ãïŒâã»ã¬ã
âïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããã©ãŸãŒã«èªå°äœããæ¡æ£
è»¢åæ³ã§åŸãããéç»åã®è²èª¿ãäžç°è²ã«æ¹è¯ã§
ããã ãã§ãªããå®å®ãªéç»åãäžããããšãé
瀺ãããŠããã ããããªããããããã®ååç©ã§ã¯ãæ¡æ£è»¢å
æ³ã«ããåŸãããéç»åã®å®å®åã®å¹æã¯äžåå
ã§ãããç»åã®å€è²ã耪è²ãèµ·ãããšããæ¬ ç¹ã
ãããããã«éç»åã®å®å®åã®å¹æã倧ããåå
ç©ãæãŸããŠããã ïŒçºæã®ç®çïŒ æ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãæ°èŠãªæ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã
æäŸããããšã§ããã æ¬çºæã®å¥ã®ç®çã¯ãæ°èŠãªæ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ååèŠ
çŽ ãæäŸããããšã§ããã æ¬çºæã®å¥ã®ç®çã¯ãçŸååŠçãè¡ãªãåã®ä¿
åäžã«æ§èœã®å€ãããªãæ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ååèŠçŽ ãæ
äŸããããšã§ããã æ¬çºæã®å¥ã®ç®çã¯ãæ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ã§å®å®ãªéç»
åãäœãããã®ååèŠçŽ ãæäŸããããšã§ããã æ¬çºæã®å¥ã®ç®çã¯ãæ°èŠãªç»åå®å®åå€ãæ
äŸããããšã§ããã ïŒçºæã®æ§æïŒ æ¬çºæã®äžèšè«žç®çã¯ããã²ã³åéæå èŠçŽ ã
ååèŠçŽ åã³åŠçèŠçŽ ãããªãéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³å
çèŠçŽ ã«ãããŠã該èŠçŽ ã®ããããïŒã€ã«äžèšäž
è¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ã嫿ã
ãããšãç¹åŸŽãšããéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã«ã
ã€ãŠéæãããã åŒäžR0ã¯åãã§ãç°ãªã€ãŠããŠããããæ°ŽçŽ
ååãããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°ïŒŠãClãRrïŒãã¢ã«
ãã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸ
ãã°ã¡ãã«åºããšãã«åºïŒã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºå¥œãŸ
ããã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éšåã®ççŽ æ°ãïŒã14ã®çœ®æã¢ã«
ãã«åºã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºå¥œãŸ
ããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ã眮æã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ïŒäŸãã°ã¡ããã·
åºããšããã·åºïŒã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«
ã¹ã«ããã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ã眮
æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºå¥œãŸãã
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒãã
ã該ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºã®çªçŽ ååã¯ççŽ æ°14以äž
ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«
åºã眮æã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã眮æã¢
ãªãŒã«åºãïŒãïŒå¡ã®çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãç¡«é»
ååã®å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ãïŒå以äžå«ã眮æãŸãã¯
ç¡çœ®æã®è€çŽ ç°åºã§çœ®æãããŠããŠãããã該çª
çŽ ååäžã®ïŒã€ã®çœ®æåºãäºãã«é£ãªã€ãŠç°ã圢
æããŠããããïŒãã¢ã«ãã«ãŸãã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ã
ã³ã¢ããåºïŒãã ãã¢ã«ãã«éšåãŸãã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«
éšåã¯çœ®æåºãæããŠãããã該ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ãã
åºã®çªçŽ ååã¯ãççŽ æ°14以äžã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮
æã¢ã«ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮æã·ã¯ãã¢
ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã眮æã¢ãªãŒã«åºãïŒãïŒ
å¡ã®çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãç¡«é»ååã®å°ãªããšã
ïŒçš®ãïŒå以äžå«ã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®è€çŽ ç°åº
ã§çœ®æãããŠããŠããããïŒãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒã
ã ã該ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºã®çªçŽ ååã¯ççŽ æ°14以äž
ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«
åºã眮æã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã眮æã¢
ãªãŒã«åºãïŒãïŒå¡ã®çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãç¡«é»
ååã®å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ãïŒå以äžå«ã眮æãŸãã¯
ç¡çœ®æã®è€çŽ ç°åºã§çœ®æãããŠããŠãããã該çª
çŽ ååäžã®ïŒã€ã®çœ®ãäºã«é£ãªã€ãŠç°ã圢æããŠ
ããŠããããïŒãã«ã«ãã¢ããåºïŒãã ã該ã«ã«ã
ã³ã¢ããåºã®çªçŽ ååã¯ççŽ æ°14以äžã®ã¢ã«ãã«
åºã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮æã·
ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºã眮æã¢ãªãŒã«åºã
ïŒãïŒå¡ã®çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãç¡«é»ååã®ãã¡
å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ãïŒå以äžå«ã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æ
ã®è€çŽ ç°åºã§çœ®æãããŠããŠããããïŒãè€çŽ ç°åº
奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒå¡ã®çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãç¡«é»
ååã®ãã¡å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ãïŒå以äžå«ã眮æãŸ
ãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®è€çŽ ç°åºã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ãª
ãŒã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°14以äžã®ãã®ãã¢ã·ã«åº
奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°14以äžã®ãã®ã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®
æã®ã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒ
ã14ã®ãã®ã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åº
奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ã眮æåã¯ç¡çœ®æ
ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ããªåºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ã
ã®ã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåºå¥œãŸãã
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ãïŒçŽã¢ããåºãŸãã¯ãã®
å¡©ãççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãŸãã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã
14ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã§çœ®æãããïŒçŽãŸãã¯ïŒçŽã¢ã
ãåºãŸãã¯ãã®å¡©ãäœãã¢ã«ãã«åºãŸãã¯ã¢ãªãŒ
ã«åºã¯çœ®æåºãæããŠããŠãããããããåºãã
ãããã·åºãã«ã«ããã·ã«åºãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºããŸ
ãã¯ã·ã¢ãåºã衚ãããR1ãR2ã¯åã æ°ŽçŽ ååã
ããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°å¡©çŽ ååãèçŽ ååïŒãã¢
ã«ãã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã14ã®ãã®ïŒäŸãã°
ã¡ãã«åºããšãã«åºïŒã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºå¥œãŸãã
ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éšåã®ççŽ æ°ãïŒã14ã®ãã®ïŒäŸãã°
ã¡ããã·ãšãã«åºããšããã·ãšãã«åºãã¯ãã«ãš
ãã«åºããã³ãžã«åºïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒäŸãã°ããš
ãã«åºããããã«åºïŒã衚ããã R3ãã¢ã«ãã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ã®ã
ã®ïŒäŸãã°ããã«åºãããã·ã«åºããªã¯ãã«åºïŒã
眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºå¥œãŸããã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éšåã®ççŽ æ°
ãïŒã30ã®ãã®ïŒäŸãã°ã¡ããã·åºããã³ãžã«
åºãããããã·ãšãã«åºïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒäŸãã°
ããšãã«åºããããã«åºïŒãŸãã¯çœ®æã¢ãªãŒã«
åºãè€çŽ ç°åºå¥œãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒå¡ã®çªçŽ ååãé ž
çŽ ååãç¡«é»ååã®ãã¡å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ãïŒå以
äžå«ã眮æåã¯ç¡çœ®æã®è€çŽ ç°åºã衚ããã R1åã¯R2ã§è¡šãããã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºã®çœ®æ
åºãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ãã
ã·åºããšããã·åºïŒãããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°Clã
BrïŒããšãã«åºãæããããã R3ã§è¡šãããã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºã®çœ®æåºãšã
ãŠã¯äŸãã°ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ããã·åºããš
ããã·åºïŒãããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°ClãBrïŒãã
ãšãã«åºãããããã·ã«åºãæããããã R3ã§è¡šãããã眮æã¢ãªãŒã«åºã®çœ®æåºãšã
ãŠã¯ãäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ãã«åºããšã
ã«åºïŒãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒã¡ããã·åºããšããã·
åºïŒãããã²ã³ååïŒClãBrïŒãæããããã A1ã¯äºäŸ¡ã®åºã衚ããã奜ãŸããäºäŸ¡ã®åºãš
ããŠæ¬¡ã®ãã®ãæããããã ïŒâCH2ïŒâo1 ïŒâCH2ïŒâo1ãäœãn1ã¯11ãïŒã®
æŽæ°ã ïŒâCH2ïŒo2âãäœãn2ã¯ïŒã12ã®æŽæ°ã
ãåŒãäœãn3ã¯ïŒãïŒã®
æŽæ°ã
ïŒâCH2ïŒâo4 A2ïŒâCH2ïŒâo4äœããn4ã¯ïŒãïŒã®
æŽæ°ã A2ã¯
æŽæ°ã A2ã¯
ãåŒãïŒn5ã¯ïŒã10
ã®æŽæ°ïŒã
ïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ã衚ãããïœã¯ïŒåã¯ïŒã衚
ããã R1ã§è¡šããããã¢ã«ãã«åºåã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éšå
ã¯çŽéã§ãåå²ããŠããŠãããã åèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã«ãããŠR1åã³R2ãæ°ŽçŽ å
åã§ãããïœãïŒã§ãããïœãïŒã§ãã€ãŠããã€
R3ãççŽ æ°ïŒã30ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºåã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éš
åã®ççŽ æ°ãïŒã30ã§ãã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºã衚ã
ãå Žåã奜ãŸããã åèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã«ãããŠãR1åã³R2ãæ°ŽçŽ
ååã§ãããïœãïŒã§ãã€ãŠããã€A1ãççŽ æ°
ïŒãïŒã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³åºã衚ããå Žåã奜ãŸããã
ããã«A1ããšãã¬ã³åºããããã¬ã³åºãããã¬
ã³åºããã³ãã¬ã³åºããããã¬ã³åºããªã¯ãã¬ã³
åºã§ããå Žåããšãã«å¥œãŸããã 奜ãŸããã¯åæ§é²å ããããã²ã³åéæå èŠçŽ
ãšãéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãååèŠçŽ ãšãéãåãããã
ãã®éã«ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§åŠççµæç©ãå±éããŠæ¡æ£è»¢
ååŠçããåã®éå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã«è©²èŠçŽ
ã®ããããïŒã€ã«äžèšã®äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒ
ã§è¡šããããååç©ã嫿ããããããšã«ããäž
èšè«žç®çãéæãããã ããã«å¥œãŸããã¯ãäžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§
衚ããããååç©ãäžèšååèŠçŽ ã«å«æãããã
æ æ§ã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ãå«
æããéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã«ãããŠãããã²
ã³åéåçä¹³å€ãå«ãæå èŠçŽ ãæ¯æäœäžã«å¡åž
ãããæå ææãšéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãååèŠçŽ ãå¥ã®
æ¯æäœäžã«å¡åžãããååææãšãéãåããŠã
åŠçèŠçŽ ã§ããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§åŠççµæç©ãåèšã®æ
å ææãšååææãšã®éã«å±éããããšã«ãã€ãŠ
転åéåãåŸãéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã奜ãŸã
ãã åèšã®ååèŠçŽ ãæ¯æããæ¯æäœãããªãšãã¬
ã³ã©ãããŒãçŽã§ããå Žåã奜ãŸããã ååèŠçŽ ãšããŠã¯ãçŸååŠçåŸã«ååèŠçŽ ã®PH
ãäœäžããããã«é žããªããŒå±€åã³äžåã®ã¿ã€ã
ã³ã°ãå¶åŸ¡ããããããäžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°å±€ãæã
ãŠããååèŠçŽ ã奜ãŸããã äžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°å±€ãã¢ã»ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã嫿
ããå Žåã奜ãŸããã ååèŠçŽ ã®å±€æ§æãšããŠã¯æ¯æäœåŽããé žããª
ããŒå±€ãäžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°å±€ãããã³éæ²æ®¿å€ãå«
ãååå±€ãå«ããã®ã奜ãŸãããããã«äžèšã®å±€
æ§æã«ãããŠäžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°å±€ãšååå±€ãšã®éã«
芪氎æ§ããªããŒå±€ãèšãããã®ããšãã«å¥œãŸã
ãã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ã®æ·»
å å Žæã¯ååå±€ãšååèŠçŽ äžã®åå局以å€ã®å±€ã«
ããããšã奜ãŸããã ååèŠçŽ ãšããŠã¯äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€º
ããååç©ãšæ°Žå¯æº¶æ§ééå±å¡©ïŒå¥œãŸããã¯å¡©å
éé žïŒãšã嫿ãããã®ã奜ãŸããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã®äžã§æå¹ãªååç©ã
以äžã«äŸç€ºããããæ¬çºæã§ã¯ãããã®ååç©ã«
ã®ã¿éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯åžžæ³ã«ããåæã§ããã ããªãã¡ãåŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã«ã«ãã³é žããã¢
ã»ããããªã«ããžã¡ãã«ãã«ã ã¢ããããžã¡ãã«
ã¢ã»ãã¢ãããâã¡ãã«ãããªãã³ãªã©ã®æº¶åª
äžã§å¡©åããªãã«ããªãã·å¡©åãªã³ãªã©ã®å¡©çŽ å
å€ãäœçšãããŠåŒ(B)ã§è¡šãããã察å¿ããã«ã«ã
ã³é žå¡©åç©ã«å€ããåŸãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«é¡ãŸãã¯ã¢ã«
ã«ãªéå±ã®ã¢ã«ã³ã©ãŒãé¡ãšåå¿ãããããšã«ã
ãæ¬çºæã«çšããååç©ãåŸãããããããã¯ã
æ¬çºæã«çšããååç©ã¯ãåŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã«ã«
ãã³é žããïŒïŒ®âãžã¡ãã«ãã«ã ã¢ãããïŒ
âãžã¡ãã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ãããâã¡ãã«ãããªã
ã³ãªã©ã®æº¶åªäžã§ã¯ãã«ã®é žã€ãœããã«ãã¯ãã«
ã®é žãšãã«ãã¯ãã«ã®é žã¡ãã«ãªã©ã®ã¯ãã«ã®é ž
ãšã¹ãã«é¡ãããã¯å¡©åãããã€ã«ãªã©ã®é žå¡©å
ç©ãšåå¿ãããŠå¯Ÿå¿ããåŒ(C)ã§è¡šããããæ··åé ž
ç¡æ°Žç©ã«å€ããããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«é¡ãŸãã¯ã¢ã«ã«
ãªéå±ã®ã¢ã«ã³ã©ãŒãé¡ãåå¿ãããããšã«ãã
åŸãããšãã§ããã ãããã¯ãã®ããã«ããŠåŸãååç©ãšã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«é¡ãšãå ¬ç¥ã®ãšã¹ãã«äº€æåå¿ã«ããåå¿ãã
ãŠãšã¹ãã«éšåïŒR3ïŒã容æã«äº€æããããšã
ã§ããã ããã§çšããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã¯ãŸãã¢ã«ã³ã©ãŒããš
ããŠã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãžãªãŒã«é¡ãªã©ã®ãžãªãŒã«é¡åã¯
ãã®ã¢ã«ã³ã©ãŒãé¡ãã«ã«ãã³é ž(A)åã¯ãã®ãšã¹
ãã«ã«å¯ŸããŠïŒïŒïŒã¢ã«åœéçšããã°ãåŒ(E)ã§è¡š
ããããååç©ãåŸãããã ãããã®åæåå¿ã®å ·äœäŸã«ã€ããŠã¯åŸè¿°ãã
ãããã®çš®ã®ãšã¹ãã«åææ³ã®äžè¬çãªåææäœ
ããã³æ³šæäºé ãªãã³ã«é¡äŒŒã®åæäŸã«ã€ããŠ
ã¯ãäŸãã°ãšã¹ã»ã¢ãŒã«ã»ãµã³ãã©ãŒïŒS.R.
SandlerïŒããã³ãããªãŠãŒã»ã«ãïŒW.KaroïŒ
èãªã«ã¬ãã㯠ãã¢ã³ã¯ã·ãšãã« ã°ã«ãŒã
ïŒOrganic Functional GroupïŒãã¬ãã¬ã€ã·ãš
ã³ãº ã¢ã«ããã㯠ãã¬ã¹ïŒPreparationsã
Academic PressïŒç€Ÿ1968幎çºè¡ã245ããŒãžã
265ããŒãžãããã¯ãæ³å±ä¿¡å€«ãå è€å²å€«ã倧é
çŽ åŸ³ãéæ³æ±åœŠèãããããåæãäžžåæ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ
1975幎çºè¡115ããŒãžã153ããŒãžã«èšèŒãããŠã
ãããããã®æ¹æ³ãå©çšããŠæ¬çºæã®ååç©ãå
æããããšãã§ããã ãªãåŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã«ã«ãã³é žã¯ããã©ã¢ã
ã宿¯éŠé žãšã¹ãã«ïŒããšãã°ãšãã«ãšã¹ãã«ïŒ
ããæ¬¡ã®æé ã§åæã§ãããããªãã¡ããã©ã¢ã
ã宿¯éŠé žãšã¹ãã«ãäºç¡«åççŽ ãšããªãšãã«ã¢
ãã³ã§åŠçããŠå¯Ÿå¿ãããžããªã«ã«ããã³é žããª
ãšãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãšããæ¬¡ãã§ã¯ãã«ã®é žãš
ãã«ãŸãã¯ã¯ãã«ã®é žã¡ãã«ãäœçšãããåŸå ç±
ããŠå¯Ÿå¿ããã€ãœããªã·ã¢ããŒããšããããã®ã€
ãœããªã·ã¢ããŒãã«ãã¢ããã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ããããž
ãšãã«ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãä»å ãããæ¬¡ãã§é žã®ååšäž
ã«å ç±ãããšéç°ãšåæã«ãšã¹ãã«ãå æ°Žåè§£ã
ããŠåŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã«ã«ãã³é žãåŸããããåŒ
(A)ã§è¡šããããååç©ã®çœ®æäœããããšåæ§ã®æ¹
æ³ã§åæããããšãã§ããã ãªãããã§çšããã€ãœããªã·ã¢ããŒãïŒããã
ã°ãã©ã«ã«ããšããã·ããšãã«ã€ãœããªã·ã¢ããŒ
ãïŒã¯ãããšãã°ãšã¹ ã¢ãŒã« ãµã³ãã©ïŒS.R.
SndlerïŒããã³ãããªãŠãŒã»ã«ãïŒW.KaroïŒè
ãªã«ã¬ããã¯ã»ãã¢ã³ã¯ã·ãšãã«ïŒOrganic
FunctionalïŒã°ã«ãŒãã»ãã¬ãã¬ãŒã·ãšã³ãº ã¢
ã«ããã㯠ãã¬ã¹ïŒGroup Preparationsã
Academic PressïŒç€Ÿ1968幎çºè¡ã312ã315ããŒ
ãžèšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠåæããããšãã§ããã æ¬¡ã«åæã®å ·äœäŸãæããŠæ¬çºæã®ååç©ã®å
ææ³ã説æããããåæäŸãæããŠããªãååç©
ããäžèšã®åæäŸã«æºããŠåæããããšãã§ã
ãã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©ïŒã®åæ (1) âïŒïŒâã«ã«ããšããã·ããšãã«ïŒâNâ²â
ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžãšããã·ãšãã«ïŒããªå°¿çŽ ã®å
æïŒïŒâã«ã«ããšããã·ããšãã«ã€ãœããªã·ã¢
ããŒã20ïœãåå¡©åççŽ 50mlã«æº¶è§£ããããã«
ã¢ããã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ããããžãšãã«ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«13
ïœãïŒåéã«ãããæ»Žäžãããæ¬¡ãã§å®€æž©ã§ïŒ
æéæ¹æãããåå¿æ··åç©ã«åå¡©åççŽ 50mlã
å ããæåºããçµæ¶ãåããåå¡©åççŽ 50ml
ã§æŽã€ãåŸä¹Ÿç¥ãããåé27.5ïœ åç80.9ïŒ (2) ã«ã«ãã³é ž(A)ïŒïŒâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããã·ããšã
ã«ïŒâïŒïŒïŒâãžãããã€ãããŸãŒã«âïŒâã
ãªã³ïŒã®åæ (1)ã§åŸãâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããšããã·ããšãã«ïŒ
âNâ²âïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžãšããã·ãšãã«ïŒããªå°¿çŽ
80ïœã«30ïŒ ç¡«é ž400mlãå ãæ²¹æµŽäžïŒæééæµ
ãããåå¿æ··åç©ã宀枩ãŸã§å·åŽããåŸæ°Ž600
mlãå ãæ°·å·ãããæåºããçµæ¶ãåãæ°Ž
200mlãã€ãœãããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«100mlããããµ
ã³100mlã®é ã§æŽæµã也ç¥ããã åé48ïœ åç92.8ïŒ (3) ååç©ïŒã®åæ (2)ã§åŸãïŒâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããã·ããšãã«ïŒâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãžãããã€ãããŸãŒã«âïŒâããªã³
6.6ïœãïŒïŒ®âãžã¡ãã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ãã45mlã«
溶解ããïŒâ以äžã«å·åŽãããåå¿æ¶²ãïŒâ以
äžã«ä¿ã¡ã€ã€ãã¯ãã«ã®é žã€ãœããã«3.96mlã
å ããæ¬¡ãã§ããªãšãã«ã¢ãã³4.2mlãæ»Žäžã
ãåŸãïŒâ以äžã§30åéæ¹æãããåå¿æ¶²ãïŒ
â以äžã«ä¿ã¡ã€ã€ã¡ã¿ããŒã«30mlãæ¬¡ãã§ãã
ãªãŠã ã¡ããã·ãã®ïŒïŒ ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æº¶æ¶²ïŒmlã
滎äžããïŒâ以äžã§30åéæ¹æãããããã«å®€
æž©ã«ãŠïŒæéæ¹æããåŸã500mlã®æ°Žã«æ³šå ¥ã
çããæ²æ®¿ãåããæ°ŽæŽã也ç¥ããŠååç©ïŒ
ãåŸããåé3.8ïœãåç54.1ïŒ ãèç¹203ã
205âã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©ïŒã®åæ ååç©ïŒã3.3ïœã«ïœâããã©ãã·ã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«9.0ïœãšããã©ãããã·ãã¿ã³0.08mlãšãå ãã
140âã®æ²¹æµŽäžãæžå§äžã«ïŒæéå ç±æ¹æããã
åå¿æ··åç©ã宀枩ãŸã§å·åŽããåŸ100mlã®ãšã¿ã
ãŒã«ãå ããçããçµæ¶ãåãããããµã³100
mlã§æŽã€ãåŸ300mlã®ã¢ã»ããããªã«ããåçµæ¶
ãããåé3.6ïœãèç¹118ã120âãåç61.7ïŒ ã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©10ã®åæ ååç©ïŒã3.3ïœã«ïœâãããµãã·ã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«10.2ïœãšããã©ãããã·ãã¿ã³0.08mlãšãå
ãã140âã®æ²¹æµŽäžãæžå§äžã«ïŒæéå ç±æ¹æã
ããåå¿æ··åç©ã宀枩ãŸã§å·åŽããåŸ150mlã®ãš
ã¿ããŒã«ãå ããçããçµæ¶ãåãããããµã³
100mlã§æŽã€ãåŸã400mlã®ã¢ã»ããããªã«ããå
çµæ¶ããã åé4.6ïœãåç73.9ïŒ ãèç¹120ã121âã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©11ã®åæ ååç©ïŒã3.3ïœã«ïœâãªã¯ã¿ãã·ã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«11.4ïœãšããã©ãããã·ãã¿ã³0.08mlãšãå
ãã140âã®æ²¹æµŽäžãæžå§äžã«ïŒæéå ç±æ¹æã
ããåå¿æ··åç©ã宀枩ãŸã§å·åŽããåŸãšã¿ããŒã«
150mlãå ããçããçµæ¶ãåãã100mlã®ãã
ãµã³ã§æŽã€ãåŸã¢ã»ããããªã«600mlããåçµæ¶
ããã åé5.3ïœãèç¹121ã122âãåç80.1ïŒ ã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©12ã®åæ ååç©ïŒã3.3ïœã«ïŒâïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžâïœâã¢ã
ã«ããšããã·ïŒããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«12.9ïœãšããã©
ãããã·ãã¿ã³0.08mlãšãå ãã140âã®æ²¹æµŽäžã
æžå§äžã«ïŒæéå ç±æ¹æãããåå¿æ··åç©ã宀枩
ãŸã§å·åŽããåŸãããµã³ãå ããçããçµæ¶ãå°
éã®ãšã¿ããŒã«ãå«ããããµã³100mlããåçµæ¶
ããã åé5.2ïœãåç73.0ïŒ ãèç¹178ã179âã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©13ã®åæ ïŒâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããã·ããšãã«ïŒâïŒïŒïŒâãžã
ããã€ãããŸãŒã«âïŒâããªã³6.6ïœã45mlã®ïŒ®ïŒ
âãžã¡ãã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ããã«æº¶è§£ãïŒâ以äžã«å·
åŽãããæ¶²æž©ãïŒâ以äžã«ä¿ã¡ã€ã€ãã¯ãã«ã®é ž
ã€ãœããã«3.9mlãå ããæ¬¡ãã§ããªãšãã«ã¢ã
ã³4.2mlãæ»ŽäžãããïŒâ以äžã§30åæ¹æããåŸã
液枩ãïŒâ以äžã«ä¿ã¡ã€ã€ã«ãªãŠã ïŒâãã³ã¿ã
ã·ã«ããšãã©ãŒã10.3ïœã60mlã®ïŒ®ïŒïŒ®âãžã¡ã
ã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ããã«æº¶ãããŠæ»Žäžãããåå¿æ¶²ãïŒ
â以äžã§30åãæ¬¡ãã§å®€æž©ã§ïŒæéæ¹æããåŸïŒ
ã®æ°Žã«æ³šå ¥ãããé ¢é žãšãã«ã§æœåºããæœåºæ¶²
ãæ°ŽæŽããç¡æ°Žç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã§ä¹Ÿç¥ããåŸãé ¢
é žãšãã«ãçå»ããæ®æž£ããšã¿ããŒã«ã次ãã§ã¢
ã»ããããªã«ããåçµæ¶ãããåŸãããçµæ¶ãã·
ãªã«ã²ã«ã«ã©ã ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ãŒïŒæº¶åªãšããŠ
ã¯ãããã«ã ãšé ¢é žãšãã«ïŒå®¹å¯ŸïŒå®¹ã®æ··åç©ã
çšããïŒã«ãŠç²Ÿè£œãããåé1.3ïœãåç8.6ïŒ ã
èç¹160ã160âã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©14ã®åæ ååç©ïŒã2.1ïœã«ïŒâããã·ã«ãªãã·ãšã¿ã
ãŒã«4.1ïœãšããã©ãããã·ãã¿ã³0.05mlãšãå
ãã140âã®æ²¹æµŽäžãæžå§äžã«ïŒæéå ç±æ¹æã
ããåå¿æ··åç©ã宀枩ãŸã§å·åŽããåŸãããµã³ã
å ããçããçµæ¶ãåãããšã¿ããŒã«ãšãããµ
ã³ã®æ··åç©ããïŒåãæ¬¡ãã§é ¢é žãšãã«ãšãããµ
ã³ãšã®æ··åç©ããïŒååçµæ¶ãããåé1.5ïœã
åç38.5ïŒ ãèç¹89ã91âã äžèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºããããç»å
å®å®åå€ã¯æå èŠçŽ ãååèŠçŽ ãåã¯åŠçèŠçŽ ã®
ããããïŒã€ã«å«æãããããšãã§ããåããã
ãïŒã€ä»¥äžã®èŠçŽ ã®äžã«å«æãããããšãã§ãã
ãããããã®äžã§ãç¹ã«ååèŠçŽ ã«å«æãããã
ãšã奜ãŸããã æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ã¯ãçŸåšåœæ¥çã§ã¯åšç¥ã§ãããã
ã®è©³çްã«ã€ããŠã¯çç¥ããã詳ããã¯ãA.Rottã
E.WeydeãâPhotographic Silver Diffusion
Transfer ProcessesâFocal PressãLondonã
1972ïŒC.B.NebletteãâHandbook of
Photography and Reprographyâ第ïŒçVan
Nostrand Reinholdã1977幎Chapter12 Oneâ
Step PhotographyïŒHaistãâModern
Photographic ProcessingâVol.2ãChapter ïŒ
Diffucion Transferâãªã©ãåç §ããããã ãã®æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ã§ã¯ãå€ãã®çš®é¡ã®åçææã
äœãããšãã§ãããããªãã¡ãããã²ã³åéåç
ä¹³å€ãå«ãæå èŠçŽ ãæ¯æäœäžã«å¡åžãããæå
ææãšãéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãååèŠçŽ ãå¥ã®æ¯æäœäž
ã«å¡åžãããååææãšãéãåãããŠãåŠçèŠ
çŽ ã§ããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§åŠççµæç©äŸãã°çŸåäž»è¬ãš
ããã²ã³åéæº¶å€ãšãå«ãé«ç²åºŠã®ãããã¯äœç²
床ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§åŠççµæç©ããåèšïŒã€ã®èŠçŽ ã®
éã«å±éããããšã«ãã€ãŠè»¢åéç»åãåŸãããš
ãã§ããããšãç¥ãããŠãããæ¬çºæã®å®æœã«
ã¯ããã®åçææãæå©ã«çšããããã ãŸããå¥ã®åçææãšããŠã¯ãç±³åœç¹èš±
2861885ã«èšèŒãããŠãããããªæå èŠçŽ ãšåå
èŠçŽ ãšãïŒæã®æ¯æäœäžã«éããŠãå¡åžããããž
åã®é«ãç ŽèŠåãå©çšããŠããã¬åãéããŠããž
ç»åã芳å¯ããããšã®ã§ãããã®ãç¥ãããŠã
ãããŸãããã«å¥ã®åçææãšããŠãäžãšåãã
ããªæ§æã®ææã§ãæ¡æ£è»¢ååŠçåŸã«æå ææã®
å±€ãæŽãèœãšããŠããžç»åã®ã¿ãåŸãåçææã
ç¥ãããŠããã ããã«ãå¥ã®åçææãšããŠãæ¯æäœäžã«ãã
ã²ã³åéæå å±€ãšãã¿ã³ãã¯ã€ãã®ãããªå åå°
ç©è³ªãå«ãå±€ãšãéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãååå±€ãé ã«é
ããŠå¡åžããåŠçããããšã«ãã€ãŠãããžåãåŸ
ãããšã®ã§ãããã®ãç¥ãããŠããã ããã«ãæå èŠçŽ ãšååèŠçŽ ãšãåäžæ¯æäœäž
ã«ããç©å±€äžäœåæ§é ã«ãªã€ãŠããŠãæ¡æ£è»¢ååŠ
çããåŸã§ãæå èŠçŽ ãšååèŠçŽ ãšãå¥é¢ããã
ãšãªã䜿çšã§ããåçææãç¥ãããŠããã ãŸããå è²åã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ãããã€ãŠé転åå
ã圢æããããšã«ãã€ãŠã€ããããšãã§ãããã®
åã¯å è²ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ãšéãåããã€ãé¢ä¿ã«ã
ãããã®ãããªå ·äœäŸã«ãããŠã奜ãŸããã¯å è²
ã«ã©ãŒã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ã¯éæãªæ¯æäœãšåèšã®ååå±€
ãšã®éã«é 眮ããããã®ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ãéããŠãã
ã²ã³åéä¹³å€ãé²å ããããšã«ãããå è²æ³ã«ã©
ãŒç»åãäœãããšãã§ããã ãããã®åçš®ã®åçææã«ã€ããŠã¯ãååºã®æ
æžã«è©³ããè¿°ã¹ãããŠããã æ¬çºæã¯ãäžã§è¿°ã¹ãåçææã®ãã¹ãŠã®ãã€
ã«ã ã»ãŠãããã§æçšã§ãããã以äžã®æçްæžã§
ã¯ãæå èŠçŽ ãšååèŠçŽ ãšãå¥ã ã®æ¯æäœäžã«å¡
åžãããŠãããã®ã«ã€ããŠãå 容ã詳ãã説æã
ãã æ¬çºæã§çšããããæå å±€ã«ã¯äžçš®åã¯äžçš®ä»¥
äžã®ããã²ã³åéã嫿ããããããããããã€
ãããã²ã³åéã®äŸã¯å¡©åéãèåéåã³æ²åé
ãããã¯ããããã®æ··åç©ã§ããå¡©èåéãå¡©æ²
èåéããã³æ²èåéã§ããããããã¯é©åœãªä¿
è·ã³ãã€ãç©è³ªãäŸãã°ãŒã©ãã³ãå¯å€©ãã¢ã«ã
ã¡ã³ãã«ãŒã€ã³ãã³ããžãªã³ãã»ã«ããŒãºåç©è³ª
äŸãã°ã«ã«ããã·ã¡ãã«ã»ã«ããŒãºãããã«ããª
ããŒäŸãã°ããªããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã¯ç¶¿ç¶ããªã¢
ããäŸãã°ããªãããµã¡ãã¬ã³ã¢ãžãã¢ããäžã«
忣嫿ããããããããããçšéã«é©åœãªä¹³å€
ã¯ãP.GlafkidesèChimie et Physique
PhotographiqueïŒPaul Montel 瀟åã1967幎ïŒã
G.F.DuffinèPhotographic Emulsion
ChemistryïŒThe Focal Pressåã1966幎ïŒãV.L.
Zelikman et alèMaking and Coating
Photographic EmulsionïŒThe Focal Presså
1964幎ïŒãªã©ã«èšèŒãããæ¹æ³ãçšããŠèª¿è£œãã
ããšãã§ãããããªãã¡ãé žæ§æ³ãäžæ§æ³ãã¢ã³
ã¢ãã¢æ³çã®ãããã§ãããããŸã坿º¶æ§éå¡©ãš
坿º¶æ§ããã²ã³å¡©ãåå¿ããã圢åŒãšããŠã¯çåŽ
æ··åæ³ãåææ··åæ³ããããã®çµåããªã©ã®ãã
ããçšããŠãããã ç²åãéã€ãªã³éå°ã®äžã«ãããŠåœ¢æãããæ¹
æ³ïŒããããéæ··åæ³ïŒãçšããããšãã§ããã
åææ··åæ³ã®äžã€ã®åœ¢åŒãšããŠããã²ã³åéã®ç
æãããæ¶²çžäžã®pAgãäžå®ã«ä¿ã€æ¹æ³ãããªã
ã¡ããããã³ã³ãããŒã«ãã»ããã«ãžãšããæ³ã
çšããããšãã§ããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯ååŠå¢æãè¡ãªããªããã
ãããæªåŸçïŒPrimitiveïŒä¹³å€ãçšããããšã
ã§ããããéåžžã¯ååŠå¢æããããååŠå¢æã®ã
ãã«ã¯ãåèšGlafkides.Duffinåã³Zellikmanã
ã®åèæžãããã¯H.Frieserç·šGrundlagen der
Photographischcn Prozessemit
SilberhalogenidemulsionenïŒAkademische
Verlaggesellschaft.1968ïŒã«èšèŒãããŠããæ¹æ³
ãçšããããšãã§ããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯ãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããã·ã¢ãã³ã
ã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³ãã«ã«ãã·ã¢ãã³çã®ã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ
é¡ã®åç¬ãããã¯çµåã䜿çšãŸãã¯ããããšã¹ã
ãªã«ææçãšã®çµåã䜿çšã«ãã€ãŠåå 墿ã匷
è²å¢æãè¡ãããšãã§ããããããã®è²å¢ææè¡
ã¯å€ãããç¥ãããŠãããããšãã°ãç±³åœç¹èš±
2493748å·ãå2519001å·ãå2977229å·ãå
3480434å·ãå3672897å·ãå3703377å·ãå
2688545å·ãå2912329å·ãå3397060å·ãå
3615635å·ãå3628964å·ãè±åœç¹èš±1195302å·ã
å1242588å·ãå1293862å·ã西ãã€ãç¹èš±åºé¡
ïŒOLSïŒ2030326å·ãå2121780å·ãç¹å ¬æ43â
4936å·ãå44â14030å·ãå43â10773å·ãç±³åœç¹
èš±3511664å·ãå3522052å·ãå3527641å·ãå
3615613å·ãå3615632å·ãå3617295å·ãå
3635721å·ãå3694217å·ãè±åœç¹èš±1137580å·ã
å1216203å·ãªã©ã«èšèŒãããããã®éžæã¯å¢æ
ãã¹ãæ³¢é·åãæåºŠçãæå ææã®ç®çãçšéã«
å¿ããŠä»»æã«å®ããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯ã«ããª
鲿¢å€ïŒAntifoggantïŒãå®å®å€ïŒstabilizerïŒã
嫿ããããååç©ãšããŠã¯ããããã¯ãã»ã©ã€
ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ã第92å·»P107ã®
ãAntifoggants and stabilizersãã®é ã«èšèŒã
ããŠãããã®ãçšãããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯çŸåäž»è¬ã嫿ããããçŸ
åäž»è¬ãšããŠããããã¯ãã»ã©ã€ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€
ã³ããã¯ã¹ã第92å·»107ã108é ã®ãDeveloping
agentsãã®é ã«èšèŒãããŠãããã®ãçšãããã
ãã ããã²ã³åéã¯çš®ã ã®ææ©åã¯ç¡æ©ã®ç¡¬èå€ã«
ãã€ãŠç¡¬èããããã³ãã€ãäžã«åæ£ããããã
硬èå€ãšããŠããããã¯ãã»ã©ã€ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€
ã³ããã¯ã¹ã第92å·»108é ã®ãHardenersãã®é
ã«èšèŒãããŠãããã®ãçšãããããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯å¡åžå©å€ã嫿ããããå¡
åžå©å€ãšããŠããããã¯ãã»ã©ã€ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€
ã³ããã¯ã¹ã第92å·»108é ã®ãcoating aidsãã®
é ã«èšèŒãããŠãããã®ãçšãããããã ããã²ã³åéåçä¹³å€ã¯ããŸã垯é»é²æ¢å€ãå¯
å¡å€ãè¢å å¢çœå€ã空æ°ã«ããªé²æ¢å€ããªã©ãå«
æãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã«ã¯ããã¯ã«
ãšããŠãããã¯ãã»ã©ã€ã»ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€ã³ããã¯
ã¹ã第92å·»108é ã®ãVehiclesã®é ãïŒ1971幎12
æïŒã«èšèŒãããŠããããã¯ã«ã䜿çšããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯ãå¿ èŠã«ããä»ã®åçå±€ãš
å ±ã«æ¯æäœäžã«å¡åžããããå¡åžæ¹æ³ã¯ãããã¯
ãã»ã©ã€ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ã第92å·»109
é ã®ãCoating proceduresãã®é ã«èšèŒãããŠ
ããæ¹æ³ãçšãããããŸãæ¯æäœã¯ãããã¯ãã»
ã©ã€ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ã第92å·»108é ã®
ãSupportsãã®é ã«èšèŒãããŠãããã®ãçšãã
ãã æ¬çºæã®åçä¹³å€ã«ã¯æåºŠäžæãã³ã³ãã©ã¹ã
äžæããŸãã¯çŸåä¿é²ã®ç®çã§ãäŸãã°ããªã¢ã«
ãã¬ã³ãªãã·ããŸãã¯ãã®ãšãŒãã«ããšã¹ãã«ã
ã¢ãã³ãªã©ã®èªå°äœãããªãšãŒãã«ååç©ãããª
ã¢ã«ããªãªã³é¡ãåçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ååç©ããŠ
ã¬ã¿ã³èªå°äœãå°¿çŽ èªå°äœãã€ãããŸãŒã«èªå°
äœãïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡çãå«ãã§ããããäŸã
ã°ç±³åœç¹èš±2400532ãå2423549ãå2716062ãå
3617280ãå3772021ãå3808003çã«èšèŒããã
ãã®ãçšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«ããäœãããæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€
å±€ãã®ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒææãš
ããŠããããã¯ã€ã©ãžãšãŒã·ãšã³é²æ¢ãã®ä»çš®ã
ã®ç®çã§ãæ°Žæº¶æ§ææã嫿ããŠããããã®ãã
ãªææã«ã¯ãªããµããŒã«ææããããªããœããŒã«
ææãã¹ããªã«ææãã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³ææãã·ã¢ã
ã³ææåã³ã¢ãŸææãå å«ããããäžã§ããªããœ
ããŒã«ææããããªããœããŒã«ææãªã©ã¡ãã·ã¢
ãã³ææãæçšã§ãããææã¯ãã«ããªã³æ§ããª
ããŒããšãã°ãžã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ããã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ã¯ãªã¬
ãŒããªã©ã«ãã€ãŠãç¹å®ã®å±€ã«åªæãããŠãã
ãã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã«ãããŠã芪
æ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ææã玫å€ç·åžåå€ãªã©ã嫿
ãããå Žåã«ããããã¯ã«ããªã³æ§ããªããŒãªã©
ã«ãã€ãŠåªæãããŠããããäŸãã°ãè±åœç¹èš±
685475ãç±³åœç¹èš±2675316ãå2839401ãå
2882156ãå3048487ãå3184309ãå3445231ã西
ç¬ç¹èš±åºé¡ïŒOLSïŒ1914362ãç¹éæ50â47624ã
å50â71332çã«èšèŒãããŠããããªããŒãçšã
ãããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã§çšããããåŠçèŠçŽ ãšããŠã¯ãçš®ã ã®
åŠççµæç©ãçšããããã奜ãŸããã¯åŠççµæç©
ã«ã¯ãçŸåäž»è¬ãšããã²ã³åéæº¶å€ãšãã¢ã«ã«ãª
å€ãšãå«ãŸããŠããããç®çã«å¿ããŠãçŸåäž»è¬
åã³ïŒåã¯ããã²ã³åéæº¶å€ãæå èŠçŽ äžåã³ïŒ
åã¯ååèŠçŽ äžã«å«ãŸããŠããããšãã§ããã é©åœãªããã²ã³åéçŸåè¬ã«ã¯å°ãªããšãïŒã€
ã®ããããã·ã«åã³ïŒåã¯ã¢ããåºããã³ãŒã³æ ž
ã®ãªã«ãåã¯ãã©äœã«çœ®æãããŠãããã³ãŒã³èª
å°äœäŸãã°ãã€ããããã³ãã¢ãããŒã«ãã¡ããŒ
ã«ãã°ãªã·ã³ãïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«åã³ããã¬
ããŒã«ïŒåã³ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³é¡ç¹ã«ç¬¬äžçŽå
ã³ç¬¬äºçŽèèªæåã³è³éŠæïŒ®â眮æåã¯Î²âãã
ããã·ã«ã¢ãã³é¡ã§ãããã¯æ°Žæ§ã¢ã«ã«ãªã«å¯æº¶
æ§ã§ããäŸãã°ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³ãâã¡ãã«
ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³ãâãšãã«ããããã·ã«ã¢
ãã³åã³ãšããŠã€ã³ ãšãã ã©ã³ãçã®1958幎
10æ21æ¥ä»ç¹èš±ç±³åœç¹èš±2857276ã«èšèŒãããŠã
ããã®åã³ãã«ãã³ã°ãªãŒã³çã«ãã1966幎12æ
20æ¥ä»ç¹èš±ç±³åœç¹èš±3293034ã«èšèŒãããŠããåŠ
ãâã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã¢ã«ãã«â眮æããããã·ã«ã¢
ãã³é¡ãå å«ãããã ãŸããç¹éæ49â88521ã«èšèŒãããŠãããã
ã©ããããã«ããªã«åºããã€ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³
èªå°äœãçšããããã ãŸãã西ç¬ç¹èš±åºé¡ïŒOLSïŒ2009054ãå
2009055ããã³å2009078ã«èšèŒãããŠããã¢ãã
ã¬ãã¯ãã³é¡ããç±³åœç¹èš±4128425ã«èšèŒãããŠ
ããè€çŽ ç°ã¢ããã¬ãã¯ãã³ãçšããããã ããã«ãç±³åœç¹èš±3615440ã«èšèŒãããŠããã
ãã©ã¢ã«ãã«ã¬ãã¯ãã³é žãçšããããšãåºæ¥
ãã ãŸããè£å©çŸåå€ã®ããšããã³ååç©ãïœã¢ã
ãããšããŒã«ååç©ããã³ã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žãšäžèš
çŸåå€ãçšããããšãã§ããã é©åœãªããã²ã³åéæº¶åªã«ã¯éåžžã®å®çå€äŸã
ã°ãããªãŠã ããªãµã«ããšãŒãããããªãŠã ããª
ã·ã¢ããŒããã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ããªãµã«ããšãŒãåã³
ãã®ä»äžè¿°ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±2543181ã«èšèŒãããŠãã
ãã®ïŒåã³ç°åŒã€ãããšçªçŽ å¡©åºã®çµåãããã
ã®äŸãã°ããããã¬ãŒãåã¯ãŠã©ã·ã«ãšã¢ã³ã¢ã
ã¢åã¯ã¢ãã³ãšçµåããããã®åã³ãšããŠã€ã³
ãšãã ã©ã³ãçã®1958幎10æ21æ¥ä»ç¹èš±ç±³åœç¹
蚱第2857274ã«èšèŒãããŠãããããªçµåããå
å«ãããã ãŸããïŒïŒïŒâãã¹ã¹ã«ããã«ã¢ã«ã«ã³ããã³
ãã®èªå°äœãç¥ãããŠãããæ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³å
éæº¶å€ãšããŠäœ¿ãããšãã§ããã åŠççµæç©ã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªé¡ã奜ãŸããã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãª
éå±ã®æ°Žé žåç©ãããšãã°æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ãã
ãã¯æ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã ãå«ãã§ãããéãåããã
ãæå æ§ã®èŠçŽ ãšååèŠçŽ ãšã®éã«èãå±€ãšããŠ
åŠççµæç©ãååžãããããšã«ãããããé©çšã
ããªãã°ããããŠç¹ã«ãããã®èŠçŽ ãéãåãã€
ãé¢ä¿ã«ããããã«ååžããããªãã°ãåŠççµæ
ç©ã¯éåäœãã€ã«ã 圢æå€ãæ¿ååå€ãããã¯å¢
ç²å€ãå«ãã§ãããšå¥œãŸãããããããã·ãšãã«
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ããã³ãããªãŠã ã«ã«ããã·ã¡ãã«ã»
ã«ããŒã¹ã¯ããã®ç®çã®ããã«ç¹ã«æçšã§ããã
æ¡æ£è»¢ååçæ³ã®å ¬ç¥ã®åçã«ããé©åœãªç²åºŠã
äžããã®ã«å¹æçãªæ¿åºŠã§åŠççµæç©ã®äžã«å«æ
ããããåŠççµæç©ã¯ããã«ãéè»¢åæ³ã«ãããŠ
å ¬ç¥ã®å¥ã®å©å€ãããšãã°ãã¶ã鲿¢å€ã調è²å€
ïŒtoning agentsïŒãå®å®åå€çã嫿ãããŠãã
ãã æ¬çºæã§çšããããååèŠçŽ ã¯ãåè¿°ãããã
ã«ã芪氎æ§ããªããŒãã€ã³ããŒäžã«éæ²æ®¿å€ãå«
æããååå±€ãæ æããæ¯æäœããæã€ãŠããã 芪氎æ§ããªããŒãšããŠæ°å€ãã®äŸãç¥ãããŠã
ãããåè¿°ããããã«ç¹ã«åçã»ã«ããŒã¹ãè¯
ãããã®ãããªååèŠçŽ ãã€ããã«ã¯ãã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ãšã¹ãã«ãããšãã°äºé ¢é žã»ã«ããŒã¹ã«ãèžç
ã«ããéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãŸããåŸã§ãæ¯æäœäžã«å¡åž
ããã¢ã«ã«ãªå æ°Žåè§£ããæ¹æ³ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹
ãã«æº¶æ¶²äžã§ãããšãã°ç¡é žéãšç¡«åãããªãŠã
ãšãåå¿ãããŠãã®å Žã§éæ²æ®¿å€ãäœæããæ¯æ
äœäžã«å¡åžããŠããã¢ã«ã«ãªå æ°Žåè§£ããæ¹æ³ã
ãããããæ¯æäœäžã«å¡åžããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ã
ã«å±€ãã¢ã«ã«ãªå æ°Žåè§£ãããšåæã«å æ°Žåè§£ã
ããå±€ã®äžã«éæ²æ®¿å€ãããèŸŒãæ¹æ³ãããã³ã
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«å±€ãã¢ã«ã«ãªå æ°Žåè§£ããŠå
çã»ã«ããŒã¹ã«ããåŸã§ãå æ°Žåè§£ãããå±€ã®äž
ã§ããšãã°å¡©åéé žãšéå å€ãšãåå¿ãããŠéæ²
殿å€ãäœæããæ¹æ³ãªã©ãå©çšããããšãã§ã
ãã ãŸãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠãéæ²æ®¿å€ã嫿ããå æ°Žå
è§£ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«ã®å±€ã®äžå±€ã«ãå æ°Ž
åè§£ãããŠããªãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«ãããã¯äž
éšå æ°Žåè§£ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«ã®å±€ãæ®ã
ãŠããããšãã§ããããããšãã°ããªããã«ãã
ã©ãŒã«ã®ãããªããªããŒå±€ãèšããããšãã§ã
ãããããã®ããªããŒå±€ã¯é²æ°Žå±€ãšããŠåœ¹ç«ã€ã
ãšãç¥ãããŠããã ãŸããå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠéæ²æ®¿å€ã嫿ããå æ°Žå
è§£ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«ã®å±€ãšäžå±€ã®ã»ã«ã
ãŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«æãã¯äžéšå æ°Žåè§£ãããã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ãšã¹ãã«ãããã¯ããªããã«ããã©ãŒã«ãªã©ã
ãæã鲿°Žå±€ãšã®éã«èŠªæ°Žæ§ã®å¥ã®ããªããŒå±€ã
èšããŠãè¯ãããã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ããªããŒå±€ã«çšããã
ãããªããŒãšããŠã¯äŸãã°ãŒã©ãã³ãèªå°äœãŒã©
ãã³ïŒããšãã°ãã¿ã«åãŒã©ãã³ãªã©ïŒãç³é¡
ïŒããšãã°ã§ãã·ããã¬ã©ã¯ããã³ãã³ãã¢ã©ã
ã¢ãŽã ãããããã·ãšãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã¡ãã«ã»
ã«ããŒã¹ãããããã·ã¡ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ããã«ã©
ã³ãããããã·ãããã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãªã©ïŒã芪氎
æ§åæé«ååïŒããšãã°ãããªã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ããã
ããªã¡ãã«ã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ãããããªââããã«ã
ããªãã³ãïŒâããããã·ãšãã«ã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã¬ãŒã
ãªã©ïŒãããã æŽã«å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠã¢ã«ã«ãªäžåå€å±€ãèšããŠã
è¯ãããã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªäžåå€å±€ã«ã¯ããšãã°ç¹å ¬æ
48â33697ã«èšèŒã®éåäœé žãªã©ãçšããããã ããã«ãååå±€ã®äžã«ãåŠçæ¶²ã®å¥é¢æ§ãæ¹è¯
ããç®çã§ã芪氎æ§ããªããŒãããšãã°ã«ã«ãã
ã·ã¡ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ããŒã©ãã³ãã¢ã©ãã¢ãŽã ã
ãžã¡ãã«ããã³ãã€ã³âãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããçž®å
ç©ãé ¢é žãã¿ã«é žæ°ŽçŽ ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãªã©ã®å±€ãå¡åž
ããããšãæå¹ã§ããã ããã«ãçœè²åºŠãåäžããããã«è¢å å¢çœå€ã
æ·»å ããããšãåºæ¥ããããŸãå¡åžãããããªã
ãŒå±€ãè»ããããããã«å¯å¡å€ã®æ·»å ãæå¹ã§ã
ãã ååèŠçŽ äžã«æ¬çºæã«çšããç»åå®å®åå€ãå«
æãããããã«ã¯ãäžã«è¿°ã¹ããããªå±€ã®ãã¡ã®
ïŒã€ãããã¯ïŒã€ä»¥äžã®å±€ã®äžã«æ·»å ããããšã
ã§ããã ç¹ã«æçšãªå ·äœäŸã«ãããŠãç±³åœç¹èš±3607269
ã«èšèŒãããŠããããã«éæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãå±€ãããª
ãã¡ååå±€ã®äžã«ããå æ°Žåè§£ãåããªãã€ãã»
ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«ã®å±€ã®äžã«ãæ¬çºæã®ç»åå®å®
åå€ãæ·»å ããããšãããã¯ãç¹éæ49â120634
ã«èšèŒãããŠããããã«å æ°Žåè§£ãããã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ãšã¹ãã«ã®å±€ã®äžå±€ã«ïŒâããããã·ãšãã«ã¡
ã¿ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒãã®ãããªèŠªæ°Žæ§é«ååã®å±€ãèš
ãããã®å±€ã®äžã«æ¬çºæã®ç»åå®å®åå€ãæ·»å ã
ãããšãæå©ã§ããããšã倿ãããå æ°Žåè§£ã
åããªãã€ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«ã®å±€ãããã¯èŠª
æ°Žæ§é«ååã®å±€ããããã¯ãã®ä»ã®å±€ã®äžã«æ·»å
ããéã¯ãçŽïŒã1000Ã10-6mol/m2ã奜ãŸããã
ç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã®ã¯10ã500Ã10-6mol/m2ã®éã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæã®ç»åå®å®åå€ãåçèŠçŽ äžã«å«æãã
ãããã«ã¯ãæ°Žãããã¯äœæ²žç¹ææ©æº¶å€ãããšã
ã°ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ããšã¿ããŒã«ããããããŒã«ãã¢ã»
ãã³ãã¡ãã«ãšãã«ã±ãã³ãã·ã¯ããããµã³ã
ã³ãã·ã¯ããã³ã¿ãã³ãç³æ²¹ãšãŒãã«ããã³ãŒ
ã³ããã«ãšã³ããšãŒãã«ãããã©ããããã©ã³ã
ãžãªããµã³ããžã¡ãã«ãã«ã ã¢ãããé ¢é žãšã
ã«ãé ¢é žããã«ããªã©é©åœãªããªããŒãšãšãã«æº¶
è§£ããŠå¡åžããããšã«ãã€ãŠå«æãããããšãã§
ããããåçèŠçŽ ã調æŽããåŸã§ãç»åå®å®åå€
ã®æº¶æ¶²ã«åçèŠçŽ ãæµžæŒ¬ããããšã«ãã€ãŠå«æã
ããããšãåºæ¥ãã ãŸããç»åå®å®åå€ãåŠççµæç©ã®äžã«æ·»å ã
ãŠããåŠçããŠããéã«ååèŠçŽ ã«æ¡æ£ããç»å
å®å®å广ãçºæ®ãããããšãã§ããã ãŸããæ¬çºæã«çšããååç©ãããã§ã«å ¬ç¥ã®
ç»åå®å®åå€ãšçµã¿åãããŠçšããããšãã§ã
ããããã«ãæ¬çºæã«çšããååç©ããééå±
å¡©ãããšãã°éããã©ãžãŠã ãçœéãéãªã©ã®è²Ž
éå±ã®å¡©ããããã¯äºéãããã±ã«ãªã©ã®éå±å¡©
ãšãšãã«çšããããšãæå¹ã§ãããç¹ã«æçšãªé
éå±å¡©ãšããŠã坿º¶æ§ã®éå¡©ãæå¹ã§ããããšã
ããã€ãã é©åœãªéæ²æ®¿å€ã®äŸãšããŠãééå±ãããšãã°
éãéãäºéãããã±ã«ãã«ãããŠã ãã¹ãºãã¯
ãã ãé ãã³ãã«ããç¹ã«è²Žéå±ãããšãã°éã
éãçœéããã³ãã©ãžãŠã ããããä»ã®æçšãªé
æ²æ®¿å€ã¯ééå±ã®ç¡«åç©ããã³ã»ã¬ã³åç©ãç¹ã«
æ°Žéãé ãã¢ã«ãããŠã ãäºéãã«ãããŠã ãã³
ãã«ããããã±ã«ãéããã©ãžãŠã ãéãã¢ã³ã
ã¢ã³ããã¹ãã¹ãã»ãªãŠã ããã³ãã°ãã·ãŠã ã®
ç¡«åç©ãããã³éãäºéãã¢ã³ãã¢ã³ããã³ãã
ã±ã«ã®ã»ã¬ã³åç©ããããããšãã§ãããé転å
æ³ã«ãããŠéæ²æ®¿å€ã®åŠãææã®åãã«ã€ããŠ
ã¯ãããšãã°ãšããŠã€ã³ã»ãšããã»ã©ã³ãçã®
1956幎12æ18æ¥å ¬åã®ç±³åœç¹èš±2774667ã«èšèŒã
ããŠããã å ¬ç¥ã®æè¡ã®ããã«ãéæ²æ®¿å€ã¯æ¥µãå°éãã
ãšãã°çŽïŒã25Ã10-5mol/m2ã§ååšããŠããã
éåžžãå¯èœãªæäœã®æ°Žæºãçšããããããããã
é«ãæ¿åºŠã§ã¯ãéå°ã®éãæ²ç©ããããããã¯ã
ã€ã©ã€ãé åã«ãããŠæãŸãããªãèæ¯ã®æ¿åºŠ
ïŒdensityïŒãçããŠããŸãããšãããããã§ã
ããæ··åéæ²æ®¿å€ãçšããŠãããããã®ããã«å
åå±€ã¯ãæ²æ®¿æ žã®ååšã«é¢ããéãå®è³ªçã«ç¡è²
äžã€å®è³ªçã«éæã§ãããšè¿°ã¹ãããšãã§ããã 以äžã«ã宿œäŸããã³æ¯èŒäŸããããŠãæ¬çºæ
ãããã«è©³çްã«èª¬æããã ïŒçºæã®äœçšã»å¹æïŒ æ¬çºæã®äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããå
åç©ã嫿ããéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã¯çŸååŠ
çãè¡ãªãåã®ä¿åäžã«å€åãå°ãªãã®ã§çŸååŠ
çåã®Dmaxãé«ããããã«åŠçåã®éç»åãå®
å®ã§ãã€ãŠDmaxã®å€åãå°ãã广ãæããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ãã
ã©ã¹ãåãããŠãããã®ã¯ãšãã«çŸååŠçãè¡ãª
ãåã®ä¿åäžã«ãããŠååç©ãæ¡æ£ãã«ãããã
ããåçèŠçŽ ãä¿åçµæããŠãé«ãDmaxãåŸã
ããã æ¬çºæã®äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããå
åç©ã¯ååã·ãŒãã®éæ²æ®¿å€å«æå±€ããåŠçæ¶²åŽ
ã«è©²ååç©ãååšãããŠãçŸåæå¶ãèµ·ããªãã®
ã§ããããç»åãšãã«é«ãDmaxããã€ãç»åã
åŸãããã åãäžèšã®æ¬çºæã®ååç©ãéæ²æ®¿å€å«æã®èŠª
æ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«å«æããããŠãã該ååç©ã«ã
ãçŸåæå¶äœçšãçãã«ããã®ã§ãéæ²æ®¿å€å«æ
ååå±€ã«çŽæ¥è©²ååç©ã嫿ããããããšãã§ã
ãã ïŒå®æœäŸïŒ 宿œäŸ ïŒ (1) ååã·ãŒãã®èª¿æŽ ããªãšãã¬ã³ãã³ããæŸé»åŠçããããªãšã
ã¬ã³ã©ãããŒãçŽïŒåªæ°150ïœ//m2ãããªãšã
ã¬ã³ã®åã¿20ÎŒïœïŒã®äžã«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãžã¢ã»
ããŒãïŒé ¢å床53ïŒ ïŒïŒïœãšãã¡ãã«ãããŒã«
ãšãŒãã«12ïœãšãã¢ã»ãã³200mlãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«
20mlã«æº¶è§£ããæº¶æ¶²ã10ïœ/m2ã«ãªãããã«å¡
åžããã ãã®å±€ã®äžã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãžã¢ã»ããŒã20ïœã
ã¢ã»ãã³200mlãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«20mlã«æº¶è§£ããæº¶
æ¶²ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã¢ã»ããŒãã®ä¹Ÿç¥èåã5ÎŒïœ
ã«ãªãããã«å¡åžããã ãã®ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒãã®å±€ã®äžã«ã
ïŒïŒ ã®ããªã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ããæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã也ç¥èå
0.5ÎŒïœã«ãªãããã«å¡åžããããã«ä»¥äžã®ãã
ã«ããŠèª¿æŽããç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã ãå«ãã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒã溶液ã«ãè²èª¿å€ãšããŠïŒâã
ãšãã«âïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã«ãå ããŠ
也ç¥èå1.5ÎŒïœã«ãªãããã«å¡åžããã 䜿çšããç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã ãå«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»
ãžã¢ã»ããŒã溶液ã¯ã以äžã®ããã«ããŠäœæã
ãã ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒãïŒé ¢å床54ïŒ ïŒ50
ïœãã¢ã»ãã³800mlãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«100mlã«æº¶è§£ã
ãæ¶²ã«ãç¡«åãããªãŠã ïŒ9H2OïŒ0.12ïœãæ°Ž
15mlãšã¢ã»ãã³35mlã«æº¶ãããæ¶²ãšãå¡©åãã©
ãžãŠã ãããªãŠã 0.15ïœãæ°Ž15mlãšã¢ã»ãã³35
mlãšã«æº¶ãããæ¶²ãšããæ¿ããæ¹æããªããæ·»
å ããã ããããŠåŸãããç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã ã嫿ãã
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãžã¢ã»ããŒãå±€ã®äžã«ãKOH45ïœ
ãæ°Ž200mlãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«800mlãšã«æº¶è§£ããã¢ã«
ã«ãªæ§å æ°Žå解液ã20ïœ/m2å¡åžããŠãç¡«åã
ã©ãžãŠã ãå«ãåçã»ã«ããŒã¹ã®å±€ãäœæã
ãã ããããŠåŸãããç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã ãå«ãåç
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã®å±€ã«äžã«ãäžèšã«ç€ºãç»åå®å®å
å€ããã³ãã®åé§äœãå«ããã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãšãã
ã«ã¡ã¿ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããšã®ã³ããªããŒãå¡åžã
ãã ååç©ã¯ããããã1.0Ã10-4mol/m2ã«ãªã
ããã«èª¿æŽããã çšããç»åå®å®åå€ããã³ãã®åé§äœã¯ã以
äžã®ãšããã§ããã ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç© ïŒ ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç©12 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç©13 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç©14 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ïŒâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããã·ã
ãšãã«ïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã«
ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ïŒâïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããª
ã¡ãã«ãããã«ããªïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããâïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒâãã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŒã« ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ãã©ã³ã¯ ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ (2) æå å±€ã·ãŒãã®èª¿è£œ éåžžã®æ¹æ³ã§å¹³åç²åŸ1.0ÎŒïœã®ãŒã©ãã³åæ£
ãšãŠèåéä¹³å€ã調æŽãããããã100ïœãã
ãã«ãšãã50âã®ææž©ãã¹äžã«ãããŠæº¶è§£ã
ããããã«ïŒâïœïŒâã¯ããâïŒâãïŒâãšãã«
âïŒâïŒïŒâãšãã«âïŒâãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªããª
ãã³ïŒããããã«ãâïŒâãã³ãºãªããµãŸãªãªïœ
ãããã³ã¹ã«ãããŒããïŒâïœïŒâãïŒâãšãã«
ãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªã³âïŒâã€ãªãã³ïŒâïŒâã¡ã
ã«âïŒâããããã«ãâïŒâãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªãªïœ
ãããã³ã¹ã«ãããŒããïŒâããããã·âïŒâ
ã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒïŒ3aïŒïŒâããã©ã¶ã€ã³ãã³
ã®ïŒééïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²10mlãïŒâããããã·âïŒïŒ
ïŒâãžã¯ããããªã¢ãžã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ã®ïŒéé
ïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²10mlãæŽã«ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é žãããªãŠã ã®ïŒééïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²10mlãå ããŠæ¹
æããããã®å®æä¹³å€ãé žåãã¿ã³ã嫿ãã
äžå¡ãæžã®ããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãã»ãã€
ã«ã ããŒã¹ã«ä¹Ÿç¥èåãïŒãã¯ãã³ã«ãªããã
ã«å¡åžä¹Ÿç¥ããŠè©ŠæãåŸããå¡åžããééã¯
1.0ïœ/m2ã§ãã€ãã (3) åŠçæ¶²çµæ æ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã ïŒ40ïŒ KOH氎溶液 323c.c. äºé žåãã¿ã³ ïŒïœ ããããã·ãšãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ 79ïœ é žåäºé 9.75ïœ ïŒ®ïŒïŒ®âãã¹ïŒã¡ããã·ãšãã«ããããã·ã¢ã
ã³ 75ïœ ããªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³æº¶æ¶²ïŒæ°Ž6.2éšã«å¯ŸããŠ
ããªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³4.5éšïŒ 17.14ïœ ããã©ãããããªããžã³ããªã³ 0.4ïœ ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ã«ããããªããžã³ 0.35ïœ ãŠã©ã·ã« 80ïœ æ°Ž 1193ïœ (4) çŸååŠçåã³æ¿åºŠæž¬å® æå å±€ã·ãŒããè²æž©åºŠ5400Kã®å æºããã€æ
å èšãçšããŠå æ¥é²å ãè¡ãªã€ãããã®é²å æž
ã®æå å±€ã·ãŒããšäžèšã®ååã·ãŒããéããã®
éã«äžèšåŠçæ¶²ã0.05mmã®åãã§å±éãæ¡æ£è»¢
åçŸåã25âã®é°å²æ°äžã§40ç§åŸã«äž¡ã·ãŒãã
å¥é¢ãããžç»åãåŸãã ãããå¯å£«ãã€ã«ã 瀟補TCDåèªå·±æ¿åºŠèš
ãçšããŠæž¬å®ããæå€§æ¿åºŠïŒDmaxïŒãæ±ã
ãã (5) 匷å¶å£åè©Šéš ïœïŒ çãµã³ãã«åŒ·å¶å£åè©Šéš æªçŸåã®ååèŠçŽ ãã50âã80ïŒ RHãã
ã³60âãDryã®æ¡ä»¶äžã«72æé眮ããåŸã§ã
åèš(4)ãšåæ§ã«ããŠçŸååŠçããã ïœïŒ 転åç»åã®åŒ·å¶å£åè©Šéš åèš(4)ãšåæ§ã«ããŠçŸååŠçããŠåŸããã
転åç»åãã60âã70ïŒ RHãããã³40âã
90ïŒ RHã®æ¡ä»¶äžã«72æé眮ãã耪è²ãè©äŸ¡
ããã (6) çµæ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ¡âïŒããâïŒãçšãã詊éšã
ããåŸãããçµæãããŸãšããŠè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã ãã®è¡šã«ã¯è»¢åç»åã®è²èª¿ãçŸååŠççŽåŸãš
60âã70ïŒ RH3æ¥ã®åŒ·å¶å£åãã¹ãåŸãšã«ã€
ããŠèšå ¥ããã
ããã R1ã§è¡šããããã¢ã«ãã«åºåã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éšå
ã¯çŽéã§ãåå²ããŠããŠãããã åèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã«ãããŠR1åã³R2ãæ°ŽçŽ å
åã§ãããïœãïŒã§ãããïœãïŒã§ãã€ãŠããã€
R3ãççŽ æ°ïŒã30ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºåã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éš
åã®ççŽ æ°ãïŒã30ã§ãã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºã衚ã
ãå Žåã奜ãŸããã åèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã«ãããŠãR1åã³R2ãæ°ŽçŽ
ååã§ãããïœãïŒã§ãã€ãŠããã€A1ãççŽ æ°
ïŒãïŒã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³åºã衚ããå Žåã奜ãŸããã
ããã«A1ããšãã¬ã³åºããããã¬ã³åºãããã¬
ã³åºããã³ãã¬ã³åºããããã¬ã³åºããªã¯ãã¬ã³
åºã§ããå Žåããšãã«å¥œãŸããã 奜ãŸããã¯åæ§é²å ããããã²ã³åéæå èŠçŽ
ãšãéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãååèŠçŽ ãšãéãåãããã
ãã®éã«ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§åŠççµæç©ãå±éããŠæ¡æ£è»¢
ååŠçããåã®éå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã«è©²èŠçŽ
ã®ããããïŒã€ã«äžèšã®äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒ
ã§è¡šããããååç©ã嫿ããããããšã«ããäž
èšè«žç®çãéæãããã ããã«å¥œãŸããã¯ãäžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§
衚ããããååç©ãäžèšååèŠçŽ ã«å«æãããã
æ æ§ã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ãå«
æããéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã«ãããŠãããã²
ã³åéåçä¹³å€ãå«ãæå èŠçŽ ãæ¯æäœäžã«å¡åž
ãããæå ææãšéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãååèŠçŽ ãå¥ã®
æ¯æäœäžã«å¡åžãããååææãšãéãåããŠã
åŠçèŠçŽ ã§ããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§åŠççµæç©ãåèšã®æ
å ææãšååææãšã®éã«å±éããããšã«ãã€ãŠ
転åéåãåŸãéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã奜ãŸã
ãã åèšã®ååèŠçŽ ãæ¯æããæ¯æäœãããªãšãã¬
ã³ã©ãããŒãçŽã§ããå Žåã奜ãŸããã ååèŠçŽ ãšããŠã¯ãçŸååŠçåŸã«ååèŠçŽ ã®PH
ãäœäžããããã«é žããªããŒå±€åã³äžåã®ã¿ã€ã
ã³ã°ãå¶åŸ¡ããããããäžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°å±€ãæã
ãŠããååèŠçŽ ã奜ãŸããã äžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°å±€ãã¢ã»ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã嫿
ããå Žåã奜ãŸããã ååèŠçŽ ã®å±€æ§æãšããŠã¯æ¯æäœåŽããé žããª
ããŒå±€ãäžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°å±€ãããã³éæ²æ®¿å€ãå«
ãååå±€ãå«ããã®ã奜ãŸãããããã«äžèšã®å±€
æ§æã«ãããŠäžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°å±€ãšååå±€ãšã®éã«
芪氎æ§ããªããŒå±€ãèšãããã®ããšãã«å¥œãŸã
ãã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ã®æ·»
å å Žæã¯ååå±€ãšååèŠçŽ äžã®åå局以å€ã®å±€ã«
ããããšã奜ãŸããã ååèŠçŽ ãšããŠã¯äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€º
ããååç©ãšæ°Žå¯æº¶æ§ééå±å¡©ïŒå¥œãŸããã¯å¡©å
éé žïŒãšã嫿ãããã®ã奜ãŸããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã®äžã§æå¹ãªååç©ã
以äžã«äŸç€ºããããæ¬çºæã§ã¯ãããã®ååç©ã«
ã®ã¿éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ã¯åžžæ³ã«ããåæã§ããã ããªãã¡ãåŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã«ã«ãã³é žããã¢
ã»ããããªã«ããžã¡ãã«ãã«ã ã¢ããããžã¡ãã«
ã¢ã»ãã¢ãããâã¡ãã«ãããªãã³ãªã©ã®æº¶åª
äžã§å¡©åããªãã«ããªãã·å¡©åãªã³ãªã©ã®å¡©çŽ å
å€ãäœçšãããŠåŒ(B)ã§è¡šãããã察å¿ããã«ã«ã
ã³é žå¡©åç©ã«å€ããåŸãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«é¡ãŸãã¯ã¢ã«
ã«ãªéå±ã®ã¢ã«ã³ã©ãŒãé¡ãšåå¿ãããããšã«ã
ãæ¬çºæã«çšããååç©ãåŸãããããããã¯ã
æ¬çºæã«çšããååç©ã¯ãåŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã«ã«
ãã³é žããïŒïŒ®âãžã¡ãã«ãã«ã ã¢ãããïŒ
âãžã¡ãã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ãããâã¡ãã«ãããªã
ã³ãªã©ã®æº¶åªäžã§ã¯ãã«ã®é žã€ãœããã«ãã¯ãã«
ã®é žãšãã«ãã¯ãã«ã®é žã¡ãã«ãªã©ã®ã¯ãã«ã®é ž
ãšã¹ãã«é¡ãããã¯å¡©åãããã€ã«ãªã©ã®é žå¡©å
ç©ãšåå¿ãããŠå¯Ÿå¿ããåŒ(C)ã§è¡šããããæ··åé ž
ç¡æ°Žç©ã«å€ããããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«é¡ãŸãã¯ã¢ã«ã«
ãªéå±ã®ã¢ã«ã³ã©ãŒãé¡ãåå¿ãããããšã«ãã
åŸãããšãã§ããã ãããã¯ãã®ããã«ããŠåŸãååç©ãšã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«é¡ãšãå ¬ç¥ã®ãšã¹ãã«äº€æåå¿ã«ããåå¿ãã
ãŠãšã¹ãã«éšåïŒR3ïŒã容æã«äº€æããããšã
ã§ããã ããã§çšããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã¯ãŸãã¢ã«ã³ã©ãŒããš
ããŠã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãžãªãŒã«é¡ãªã©ã®ãžãªãŒã«é¡åã¯
ãã®ã¢ã«ã³ã©ãŒãé¡ãã«ã«ãã³é ž(A)åã¯ãã®ãšã¹
ãã«ã«å¯ŸããŠïŒïŒïŒã¢ã«åœéçšããã°ãåŒ(E)ã§è¡š
ããããååç©ãåŸãããã ãããã®åæåå¿ã®å ·äœäŸã«ã€ããŠã¯åŸè¿°ãã
ãããã®çš®ã®ãšã¹ãã«åææ³ã®äžè¬çãªåææäœ
ããã³æ³šæäºé ãªãã³ã«é¡äŒŒã®åæäŸã«ã€ããŠ
ã¯ãäŸãã°ãšã¹ã»ã¢ãŒã«ã»ãµã³ãã©ãŒïŒS.R.
SandlerïŒããã³ãããªãŠãŒã»ã«ãïŒW.KaroïŒ
èãªã«ã¬ãã㯠ãã¢ã³ã¯ã·ãšãã« ã°ã«ãŒã
ïŒOrganic Functional GroupïŒãã¬ãã¬ã€ã·ãš
ã³ãº ã¢ã«ããã㯠ãã¬ã¹ïŒPreparationsã
Academic PressïŒç€Ÿ1968幎çºè¡ã245ããŒãžã
265ããŒãžãããã¯ãæ³å±ä¿¡å€«ãå è€å²å€«ã倧é
çŽ åŸ³ãéæ³æ±åœŠèãããããåæãäžžåæ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ
1975幎çºè¡115ããŒãžã153ããŒãžã«èšèŒãããŠã
ãããããã®æ¹æ³ãå©çšããŠæ¬çºæã®ååç©ãå
æããããšãã§ããã ãªãåŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã«ã«ãã³é žã¯ããã©ã¢ã
ã宿¯éŠé žãšã¹ãã«ïŒããšãã°ãšãã«ãšã¹ãã«ïŒ
ããæ¬¡ã®æé ã§åæã§ãããããªãã¡ããã©ã¢ã
ã宿¯éŠé žãšã¹ãã«ãäºç¡«åççŽ ãšããªãšãã«ã¢
ãã³ã§åŠçããŠå¯Ÿå¿ãããžããªã«ã«ããã³é žããª
ãšãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãšããæ¬¡ãã§ã¯ãã«ã®é žãš
ãã«ãŸãã¯ã¯ãã«ã®é žã¡ãã«ãäœçšãããåŸå ç±
ããŠå¯Ÿå¿ããã€ãœããªã·ã¢ããŒããšããããã®ã€
ãœããªã·ã¢ããŒãã«ãã¢ããã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ããããž
ãšãã«ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«ãä»å ãããæ¬¡ãã§é žã®ååšäž
ã«å ç±ãããšéç°ãšåæã«ãšã¹ãã«ãå æ°Žåè§£ã
ããŠåŒ(A)ã§è¡šããããã«ã«ãã³é žãåŸããããåŒ
(A)ã§è¡šããããååç©ã®çœ®æäœããããšåæ§ã®æ¹
æ³ã§åæããããšãã§ããã ãªãããã§çšããã€ãœããªã·ã¢ããŒãïŒããã
ã°ãã©ã«ã«ããšããã·ããšãã«ã€ãœããªã·ã¢ããŒ
ãïŒã¯ãããšãã°ãšã¹ ã¢ãŒã« ãµã³ãã©ïŒS.R.
SndlerïŒããã³ãããªãŠãŒã»ã«ãïŒW.KaroïŒè
ãªã«ã¬ããã¯ã»ãã¢ã³ã¯ã·ãšãã«ïŒOrganic
FunctionalïŒã°ã«ãŒãã»ãã¬ãã¬ãŒã·ãšã³ãº ã¢
ã«ããã㯠ãã¬ã¹ïŒGroup Preparationsã
Academic PressïŒç€Ÿ1968幎çºè¡ã312ã315ããŒ
ãžèšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã«åŸã€ãŠåæããããšãã§ããã æ¬¡ã«åæã®å ·äœäŸãæããŠæ¬çºæã®ååç©ã®å
ææ³ã説æããããåæäŸãæããŠããªãååç©
ããäžèšã®åæäŸã«æºããŠåæããããšãã§ã
ãã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©ïŒã®åæ (1) âïŒïŒâã«ã«ããšããã·ããšãã«ïŒâNâ²â
ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžãšããã·ãšãã«ïŒããªå°¿çŽ ã®å
æïŒïŒâã«ã«ããšããã·ããšãã«ã€ãœããªã·ã¢
ããŒã20ïœãåå¡©åççŽ 50mlã«æº¶è§£ããããã«
ã¢ããã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ããããžãšãã«ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«13
ïœãïŒåéã«ãããæ»Žäžãããæ¬¡ãã§å®€æž©ã§ïŒ
æéæ¹æãããåå¿æ··åç©ã«åå¡©åççŽ 50mlã
å ããæåºããçµæ¶ãåããåå¡©åççŽ 50ml
ã§æŽã€ãåŸä¹Ÿç¥ãããåé27.5ïœ åç80.9ïŒ (2) ã«ã«ãã³é ž(A)ïŒïŒâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããã·ããšã
ã«ïŒâïŒïŒïŒâãžãããã€ãããŸãŒã«âïŒâã
ãªã³ïŒã®åæ (1)ã§åŸãâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããšããã·ããšãã«ïŒ
âNâ²âïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžãšããã·ãšãã«ïŒããªå°¿çŽ
80ïœã«30ïŒ ç¡«é ž400mlãå ãæ²¹æµŽäžïŒæééæµ
ãããåå¿æ··åç©ã宀枩ãŸã§å·åŽããåŸæ°Ž600
mlãå ãæ°·å·ãããæåºããçµæ¶ãåãæ°Ž
200mlãã€ãœãããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«100mlããããµ
ã³100mlã®é ã§æŽæµã也ç¥ããã åé48ïœ åç92.8ïŒ (3) ååç©ïŒã®åæ (2)ã§åŸãïŒâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããã·ããšãã«ïŒâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãžãããã€ãããŸãŒã«âïŒâããªã³
6.6ïœãïŒïŒ®âãžã¡ãã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ãã45mlã«
溶解ããïŒâ以äžã«å·åŽãããåå¿æ¶²ãïŒâ以
äžã«ä¿ã¡ã€ã€ãã¯ãã«ã®é žã€ãœããã«3.96mlã
å ããæ¬¡ãã§ããªãšãã«ã¢ãã³4.2mlãæ»Žäžã
ãåŸãïŒâ以äžã§30åéæ¹æãããåå¿æ¶²ãïŒ
â以äžã«ä¿ã¡ã€ã€ã¡ã¿ããŒã«30mlãæ¬¡ãã§ãã
ãªãŠã ã¡ããã·ãã®ïŒïŒ ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æº¶æ¶²ïŒmlã
滎äžããïŒâ以äžã§30åéæ¹æãããããã«å®€
æž©ã«ãŠïŒæéæ¹æããåŸã500mlã®æ°Žã«æ³šå ¥ã
çããæ²æ®¿ãåããæ°ŽæŽã也ç¥ããŠååç©ïŒ
ãåŸããåé3.8ïœãåç54.1ïŒ ãèç¹203ã
205âã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©ïŒã®åæ ååç©ïŒã3.3ïœã«ïœâããã©ãã·ã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«9.0ïœãšããã©ãããã·ãã¿ã³0.08mlãšãå ãã
140âã®æ²¹æµŽäžãæžå§äžã«ïŒæéå ç±æ¹æããã
åå¿æ··åç©ã宀枩ãŸã§å·åŽããåŸ100mlã®ãšã¿ã
ãŒã«ãå ããçããçµæ¶ãåãããããµã³100
mlã§æŽã€ãåŸ300mlã®ã¢ã»ããããªã«ããåçµæ¶
ãããåé3.6ïœãèç¹118ã120âãåç61.7ïŒ ã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©10ã®åæ ååç©ïŒã3.3ïœã«ïœâãããµãã·ã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«10.2ïœãšããã©ãããã·ãã¿ã³0.08mlãšãå
ãã140âã®æ²¹æµŽäžãæžå§äžã«ïŒæéå ç±æ¹æã
ããåå¿æ··åç©ã宀枩ãŸã§å·åŽããåŸ150mlã®ãš
ã¿ããŒã«ãå ããçããçµæ¶ãåãããããµã³
100mlã§æŽã€ãåŸã400mlã®ã¢ã»ããããªã«ããå
çµæ¶ããã åé4.6ïœãåç73.9ïŒ ãèç¹120ã121âã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©11ã®åæ ååç©ïŒã3.3ïœã«ïœâãªã¯ã¿ãã·ã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«11.4ïœãšããã©ãããã·ãã¿ã³0.08mlãšãå
ãã140âã®æ²¹æµŽäžãæžå§äžã«ïŒæéå ç±æ¹æã
ããåå¿æ··åç©ã宀枩ãŸã§å·åŽããåŸãšã¿ããŒã«
150mlãå ããçããçµæ¶ãåãã100mlã®ãã
ãµã³ã§æŽã€ãåŸã¢ã»ããããªã«600mlããåçµæ¶
ããã åé5.3ïœãèç¹121ã122âãåç80.1ïŒ ã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©12ã®åæ ååç©ïŒã3.3ïœã«ïŒâïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžâïœâã¢ã
ã«ããšããã·ïŒããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«12.9ïœãšããã©
ãããã·ãã¿ã³0.08mlãšãå ãã140âã®æ²¹æµŽäžã
æžå§äžã«ïŒæéå ç±æ¹æãããåå¿æ··åç©ã宀枩
ãŸã§å·åŽããåŸãããµã³ãå ããçããçµæ¶ãå°
éã®ãšã¿ããŒã«ãå«ããããµã³100mlããåçµæ¶
ããã åé5.2ïœãåç73.0ïŒ ãèç¹178ã179âã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©13ã®åæ ïŒâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããã·ããšãã«ïŒâïŒïŒïŒâãžã
ããã€ãããŸãŒã«âïŒâããªã³6.6ïœã45mlã®ïŒ®ïŒ
âãžã¡ãã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ããã«æº¶è§£ãïŒâ以äžã«å·
åŽãããæ¶²æž©ãïŒâ以äžã«ä¿ã¡ã€ã€ãã¯ãã«ã®é ž
ã€ãœããã«3.9mlãå ããæ¬¡ãã§ããªãšãã«ã¢ã
ã³4.2mlãæ»ŽäžãããïŒâ以äžã§30åæ¹æããåŸã
液枩ãïŒâ以äžã«ä¿ã¡ã€ã€ã«ãªãŠã ïŒâãã³ã¿ã
ã·ã«ããšãã©ãŒã10.3ïœã60mlã®ïŒ®ïŒïŒ®âãžã¡ã
ã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ããã«æº¶ãããŠæ»Žäžãããåå¿æ¶²ãïŒ
â以äžã§30åãæ¬¡ãã§å®€æž©ã§ïŒæéæ¹æããåŸïŒ
ã®æ°Žã«æ³šå ¥ãããé ¢é žãšãã«ã§æœåºããæœåºæ¶²
ãæ°ŽæŽããç¡æ°Žç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã§ä¹Ÿç¥ããåŸãé ¢
é žãšãã«ãçå»ããæ®æž£ããšã¿ããŒã«ã次ãã§ã¢
ã»ããããªã«ããåçµæ¶ãããåŸãããçµæ¶ãã·
ãªã«ã²ã«ã«ã©ã ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ãŒïŒæº¶åªãšããŠ
ã¯ãããã«ã ãšé ¢é žãšãã«ïŒå®¹å¯ŸïŒå®¹ã®æ··åç©ã
çšããïŒã«ãŠç²Ÿè£œãããåé1.3ïœãåç8.6ïŒ ã
èç¹160ã160âã åæäŸ ïŒ ååç©14ã®åæ ååç©ïŒã2.1ïœã«ïŒâããã·ã«ãªãã·ãšã¿ã
ãŒã«4.1ïœãšããã©ãããã·ãã¿ã³0.05mlãšãå
ãã140âã®æ²¹æµŽäžãæžå§äžã«ïŒæéå ç±æ¹æã
ããåå¿æ··åç©ã宀枩ãŸã§å·åŽããåŸãããµã³ã
å ããçããçµæ¶ãåãããšã¿ããŒã«ãšãããµ
ã³ã®æ··åç©ããïŒåãæ¬¡ãã§é ¢é žãšãã«ãšãããµ
ã³ãšã®æ··åç©ããïŒååçµæ¶ãããåé1.5ïœã
åç38.5ïŒ ãèç¹89ã91âã äžèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºããããç»å
å®å®åå€ã¯æå èŠçŽ ãååèŠçŽ ãåã¯åŠçèŠçŽ ã®
ããããïŒã€ã«å«æãããããšãã§ããåããã
ãïŒã€ä»¥äžã®èŠçŽ ã®äžã«å«æãããããšãã§ãã
ãããããã®äžã§ãç¹ã«ååèŠçŽ ã«å«æãããã
ãšã奜ãŸããã æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ã¯ãçŸåšåœæ¥çã§ã¯åšç¥ã§ãããã
ã®è©³çްã«ã€ããŠã¯çç¥ããã詳ããã¯ãA.Rottã
E.WeydeãâPhotographic Silver Diffusion
Transfer ProcessesâFocal PressãLondonã
1972ïŒC.B.NebletteãâHandbook of
Photography and Reprographyâ第ïŒçVan
Nostrand Reinholdã1977幎Chapter12 Oneâ
Step PhotographyïŒHaistãâModern
Photographic ProcessingâVol.2ãChapter ïŒ
Diffucion Transferâãªã©ãåç §ããããã ãã®æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³ã§ã¯ãå€ãã®çš®é¡ã®åçææã
äœãããšãã§ãããããªãã¡ãããã²ã³åéåç
ä¹³å€ãå«ãæå èŠçŽ ãæ¯æäœäžã«å¡åžãããæå
ææãšãéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãååèŠçŽ ãå¥ã®æ¯æäœäž
ã«å¡åžãããååææãšãéãåãããŠãåŠçèŠ
çŽ ã§ããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§åŠççµæç©äŸãã°çŸåäž»è¬ãš
ããã²ã³åéæº¶å€ãšãå«ãé«ç²åºŠã®ãããã¯äœç²
床ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§åŠççµæç©ããåèšïŒã€ã®èŠçŽ ã®
éã«å±éããããšã«ãã€ãŠè»¢åéç»åãåŸãããš
ãã§ããããšãç¥ãããŠãããæ¬çºæã®å®æœã«
ã¯ããã®åçææãæå©ã«çšããããã ãŸããå¥ã®åçææãšããŠã¯ãç±³åœç¹èš±
2861885ã«èšèŒãããŠãããããªæå èŠçŽ ãšåå
èŠçŽ ãšãïŒæã®æ¯æäœäžã«éããŠãå¡åžããããž
åã®é«ãç ŽèŠåãå©çšããŠããã¬åãéããŠããž
ç»åã芳å¯ããããšã®ã§ãããã®ãç¥ãããŠã
ãããŸãããã«å¥ã®åçææãšããŠãäžãšåãã
ããªæ§æã®ææã§ãæ¡æ£è»¢ååŠçåŸã«æå ææã®
å±€ãæŽãèœãšããŠããžç»åã®ã¿ãåŸãåçææã
ç¥ãããŠããã ããã«ãå¥ã®åçææãšããŠãæ¯æäœäžã«ãã
ã²ã³åéæå å±€ãšãã¿ã³ãã¯ã€ãã®ãããªå åå°
ç©è³ªãå«ãå±€ãšãéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãååå±€ãé ã«é
ããŠå¡åžããåŠçããããšã«ãã€ãŠãããžåãåŸ
ãããšã®ã§ãããã®ãç¥ãããŠããã ããã«ãæå èŠçŽ ãšååèŠçŽ ãšãåäžæ¯æäœäž
ã«ããç©å±€äžäœåæ§é ã«ãªã€ãŠããŠãæ¡æ£è»¢ååŠ
çããåŸã§ãæå èŠçŽ ãšååèŠçŽ ãšãå¥é¢ããã
ãšãªã䜿çšã§ããåçææãç¥ãããŠããã ãŸããå è²åã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ãããã€ãŠé転åå
ã圢æããããšã«ãã€ãŠã€ããããšãã§ãããã®
åã¯å è²ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ãšéãåããã€ãé¢ä¿ã«ã
ãããã®ãããªå ·äœäŸã«ãããŠã奜ãŸããã¯å è²
ã«ã©ãŒã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ã¯éæãªæ¯æäœãšåèšã®ååå±€
ãšã®éã«é 眮ããããã®ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ãéããŠãã
ã²ã³åéä¹³å€ãé²å ããããšã«ãããå è²æ³ã«ã©
ãŒç»åãäœãããšãã§ããã ãããã®åçš®ã®åçææã«ã€ããŠã¯ãååºã®æ
æžã«è©³ããè¿°ã¹ãããŠããã æ¬çºæã¯ãäžã§è¿°ã¹ãåçææã®ãã¹ãŠã®ãã€
ã«ã ã»ãŠãããã§æçšã§ãããã以äžã®æçްæžã§
ã¯ãæå èŠçŽ ãšååèŠçŽ ãšãå¥ã ã®æ¯æäœäžã«å¡
åžãããŠãããã®ã«ã€ããŠãå 容ã詳ãã説æã
ãã æ¬çºæã§çšããããæå å±€ã«ã¯äžçš®åã¯äžçš®ä»¥
äžã®ããã²ã³åéã嫿ããããããããããã€
ãããã²ã³åéã®äŸã¯å¡©åéãèåéåã³æ²åé
ãããã¯ããããã®æ··åç©ã§ããå¡©èåéãå¡©æ²
èåéããã³æ²èåéã§ããããããã¯é©åœãªä¿
è·ã³ãã€ãç©è³ªãäŸãã°ãŒã©ãã³ãå¯å€©ãã¢ã«ã
ã¡ã³ãã«ãŒã€ã³ãã³ããžãªã³ãã»ã«ããŒãºåç©è³ª
äŸãã°ã«ã«ããã·ã¡ãã«ã»ã«ããŒãºãããã«ããª
ããŒäŸãã°ããªããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã¯ç¶¿ç¶ããªã¢
ããäŸãã°ããªãããµã¡ãã¬ã³ã¢ãžãã¢ããäžã«
忣嫿ããããããããããçšéã«é©åœãªä¹³å€
ã¯ãP.GlafkidesèChimie et Physique
PhotographiqueïŒPaul Montel 瀟åã1967幎ïŒã
G.F.DuffinèPhotographic Emulsion
ChemistryïŒThe Focal Pressåã1966幎ïŒãV.L.
Zelikman et alèMaking and Coating
Photographic EmulsionïŒThe Focal Presså
1964幎ïŒãªã©ã«èšèŒãããæ¹æ³ãçšããŠèª¿è£œãã
ããšãã§ãããããªãã¡ãé žæ§æ³ãäžæ§æ³ãã¢ã³
ã¢ãã¢æ³çã®ãããã§ãããããŸã坿º¶æ§éå¡©ãš
坿º¶æ§ããã²ã³å¡©ãåå¿ããã圢åŒãšããŠã¯çåŽ
æ··åæ³ãåææ··åæ³ããããã®çµåããªã©ã®ãã
ããçšããŠãããã ç²åãéã€ãªã³éå°ã®äžã«ãããŠåœ¢æãããæ¹
æ³ïŒããããéæ··åæ³ïŒãçšããããšãã§ããã
åææ··åæ³ã®äžã€ã®åœ¢åŒãšããŠããã²ã³åéã®ç
æãããæ¶²çžäžã®pAgãäžå®ã«ä¿ã€æ¹æ³ãããªã
ã¡ããããã³ã³ãããŒã«ãã»ããã«ãžãšããæ³ã
çšããããšãã§ããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯ååŠå¢æãè¡ãªããªããã
ãããæªåŸçïŒPrimitiveïŒä¹³å€ãçšããããšã
ã§ããããéåžžã¯ååŠå¢æããããååŠå¢æã®ã
ãã«ã¯ãåèšGlafkides.Duffinåã³Zellikmanã
ã®åèæžãããã¯H.Frieserç·šGrundlagen der
Photographischcn Prozessemit
SilberhalogenidemulsionenïŒAkademische
Verlaggesellschaft.1968ïŒã«èšèŒãããŠããæ¹æ³
ãçšããããšãã§ããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯ãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããã·ã¢ãã³ã
ã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³ãã«ã«ãã·ã¢ãã³çã®ã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ
é¡ã®åç¬ãããã¯çµåã䜿çšãŸãã¯ããããšã¹ã
ãªã«ææçãšã®çµåã䜿çšã«ãã€ãŠåå 墿ã匷
è²å¢æãè¡ãããšãã§ããããããã®è²å¢ææè¡
ã¯å€ãããç¥ãããŠãããããšãã°ãç±³åœç¹èš±
2493748å·ãå2519001å·ãå2977229å·ãå
3480434å·ãå3672897å·ãå3703377å·ãå
2688545å·ãå2912329å·ãå3397060å·ãå
3615635å·ãå3628964å·ãè±åœç¹èš±1195302å·ã
å1242588å·ãå1293862å·ã西ãã€ãç¹èš±åºé¡
ïŒOLSïŒ2030326å·ãå2121780å·ãç¹å ¬æ43â
4936å·ãå44â14030å·ãå43â10773å·ãç±³åœç¹
èš±3511664å·ãå3522052å·ãå3527641å·ãå
3615613å·ãå3615632å·ãå3617295å·ãå
3635721å·ãå3694217å·ãè±åœç¹èš±1137580å·ã
å1216203å·ãªã©ã«èšèŒãããããã®éžæã¯å¢æ
ãã¹ãæ³¢é·åãæåºŠçãæå ææã®ç®çãçšéã«
å¿ããŠä»»æã«å®ããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯ã«ããª
鲿¢å€ïŒAntifoggantïŒãå®å®å€ïŒstabilizerïŒã
嫿ããããååç©ãšããŠã¯ããããã¯ãã»ã©ã€
ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ã第92å·»P107ã®
ãAntifoggants and stabilizersãã®é ã«èšèŒã
ããŠãããã®ãçšãããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯çŸåäž»è¬ã嫿ããããçŸ
åäž»è¬ãšããŠããããã¯ãã»ã©ã€ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€
ã³ããã¯ã¹ã第92å·»107ã108é ã®ãDeveloping
agentsãã®é ã«èšèŒãããŠãããã®ãçšãããã
ãã ããã²ã³åéã¯çš®ã ã®ææ©åã¯ç¡æ©ã®ç¡¬èå€ã«
ãã€ãŠç¡¬èããããã³ãã€ãäžã«åæ£ããããã
硬èå€ãšããŠããããã¯ãã»ã©ã€ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€
ã³ããã¯ã¹ã第92å·»108é ã®ãHardenersãã®é
ã«èšèŒãããŠãããã®ãçšãããããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯å¡åžå©å€ã嫿ããããå¡
åžå©å€ãšããŠããããã¯ãã»ã©ã€ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€
ã³ããã¯ã¹ã第92å·»108é ã®ãcoating aidsãã®
é ã«èšèŒãããŠãããã®ãçšãããããã ããã²ã³åéåçä¹³å€ã¯ããŸã垯é»é²æ¢å€ãå¯
å¡å€ãè¢å å¢çœå€ã空æ°ã«ããªé²æ¢å€ããªã©ãå«
æãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã«ã¯ããã¯ã«
ãšããŠãããã¯ãã»ã©ã€ã»ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€ã³ããã¯
ã¹ã第92å·»108é ã®ãVehiclesã®é ãïŒ1971幎12
æïŒã«èšèŒãããŠããããã¯ã«ã䜿çšããã ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã¯ãå¿ èŠã«ããä»ã®åçå±€ãš
å ±ã«æ¯æäœäžã«å¡åžããããå¡åžæ¹æ³ã¯ãããã¯
ãã»ã©ã€ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ã第92å·»109
é ã®ãCoating proceduresãã®é ã«èšèŒãããŠ
ããæ¹æ³ãçšãããããŸãæ¯æäœã¯ãããã¯ãã»
ã©ã€ã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ã»ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ã第92å·»108é ã®
ãSupportsãã®é ã«èšèŒãããŠãããã®ãçšãã
ãã æ¬çºæã®åçä¹³å€ã«ã¯æåºŠäžæãã³ã³ãã©ã¹ã
äžæããŸãã¯çŸåä¿é²ã®ç®çã§ãäŸãã°ããªã¢ã«
ãã¬ã³ãªãã·ããŸãã¯ãã®ãšãŒãã«ããšã¹ãã«ã
ã¢ãã³ãªã©ã®èªå°äœãããªãšãŒãã«ååç©ãããª
ã¢ã«ããªãªã³é¡ãåçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ååç©ããŠ
ã¬ã¿ã³èªå°äœãå°¿çŽ èªå°äœãã€ãããŸãŒã«èªå°
äœãïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡çãå«ãã§ããããäŸã
ã°ç±³åœç¹èš±2400532ãå2423549ãå2716062ãå
3617280ãå3772021ãå3808003çã«èšèŒããã
ãã®ãçšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«ããäœãããæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€
å±€ãã®ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒææãš
ããŠããããã¯ã€ã©ãžãšãŒã·ãšã³é²æ¢ãã®ä»çš®ã
ã®ç®çã§ãæ°Žæº¶æ§ææã嫿ããŠããããã®ãã
ãªææã«ã¯ãªããµããŒã«ææããããªããœããŒã«
ææãã¹ããªã«ææãã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³ææãã·ã¢ã
ã³ææåã³ã¢ãŸææãå å«ããããäžã§ããªããœ
ããŒã«ææããããªããœããŒã«ææãªã©ã¡ãã·ã¢
ãã³ææãæçšã§ãããææã¯ãã«ããªã³æ§ããª
ããŒããšãã°ãžã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ããã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ã¯ãªã¬
ãŒããªã©ã«ãã€ãŠãç¹å®ã®å±€ã«åªæãããŠãã
ãã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã«ãããŠã芪
æ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ææã玫å€ç·åžåå€ãªã©ã嫿
ãããå Žåã«ããããã¯ã«ããªã³æ§ããªããŒãªã©
ã«ãã€ãŠåªæãããŠããããäŸãã°ãè±åœç¹èš±
685475ãç±³åœç¹èš±2675316ãå2839401ãå
2882156ãå3048487ãå3184309ãå3445231ã西
ç¬ç¹èš±åºé¡ïŒOLSïŒ1914362ãç¹éæ50â47624ã
å50â71332çã«èšèŒãããŠããããªããŒãçšã
ãããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã§çšããããåŠçèŠçŽ ãšããŠã¯ãçš®ã ã®
åŠççµæç©ãçšããããã奜ãŸããã¯åŠççµæç©
ã«ã¯ãçŸåäž»è¬ãšããã²ã³åéæº¶å€ãšãã¢ã«ã«ãª
å€ãšãå«ãŸããŠããããç®çã«å¿ããŠãçŸåäž»è¬
åã³ïŒåã¯ããã²ã³åéæº¶å€ãæå èŠçŽ äžåã³ïŒ
åã¯ååèŠçŽ äžã«å«ãŸããŠããããšãã§ããã é©åœãªããã²ã³åéçŸåè¬ã«ã¯å°ãªããšãïŒã€
ã®ããããã·ã«åã³ïŒåã¯ã¢ããåºããã³ãŒã³æ ž
ã®ãªã«ãåã¯ãã©äœã«çœ®æãããŠãããã³ãŒã³èª
å°äœäŸãã°ãã€ããããã³ãã¢ãããŒã«ãã¡ããŒ
ã«ãã°ãªã·ã³ãïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«åã³ããã¬
ããŒã«ïŒåã³ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³é¡ç¹ã«ç¬¬äžçŽå
ã³ç¬¬äºçŽèèªæåã³è³éŠæïŒ®â眮æåã¯Î²âãã
ããã·ã«ã¢ãã³é¡ã§ãããã¯æ°Žæ§ã¢ã«ã«ãªã«å¯æº¶
æ§ã§ããäŸãã°ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³ãâã¡ãã«
ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³ãâãšãã«ããããã·ã«ã¢
ãã³åã³ãšããŠã€ã³ ãšãã ã©ã³ãçã®1958幎
10æ21æ¥ä»ç¹èš±ç±³åœç¹èš±2857276ã«èšèŒãããŠã
ããã®åã³ãã«ãã³ã°ãªãŒã³çã«ãã1966幎12æ
20æ¥ä»ç¹èš±ç±³åœç¹èš±3293034ã«èšèŒãããŠããåŠ
ãâã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã¢ã«ãã«â眮æããããã·ã«ã¢
ãã³é¡ãå å«ãããã ãŸããç¹éæ49â88521ã«èšèŒãããŠãããã
ã©ããããã«ããªã«åºããã€ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³
èªå°äœãçšããããã ãŸãã西ç¬ç¹èš±åºé¡ïŒOLSïŒ2009054ãå
2009055ããã³å2009078ã«èšèŒãããŠããã¢ãã
ã¬ãã¯ãã³é¡ããç±³åœç¹èš±4128425ã«èšèŒãããŠ
ããè€çŽ ç°ã¢ããã¬ãã¯ãã³ãçšããããã ããã«ãç±³åœç¹èš±3615440ã«èšèŒãããŠããã
ãã©ã¢ã«ãã«ã¬ãã¯ãã³é žãçšããããšãåºæ¥
ãã ãŸããè£å©çŸåå€ã®ããšããã³ååç©ãïœã¢ã
ãããšããŒã«ååç©ããã³ã¢ã¹ã³ã«ãã³é žãšäžèš
çŸåå€ãçšããããšãã§ããã é©åœãªããã²ã³åéæº¶åªã«ã¯éåžžã®å®çå€äŸã
ã°ãããªãŠã ããªãµã«ããšãŒãããããªãŠã ããª
ã·ã¢ããŒããã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ããªãµã«ããšãŒãåã³
ãã®ä»äžè¿°ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±2543181ã«èšèŒãããŠãã
ãã®ïŒåã³ç°åŒã€ãããšçªçŽ å¡©åºã®çµåãããã
ã®äŸãã°ããããã¬ãŒãåã¯ãŠã©ã·ã«ãšã¢ã³ã¢ã
ã¢åã¯ã¢ãã³ãšçµåããããã®åã³ãšããŠã€ã³
ãšãã ã©ã³ãçã®1958幎10æ21æ¥ä»ç¹èš±ç±³åœç¹
蚱第2857274ã«èšèŒãããŠãããããªçµåããå
å«ãããã ãŸããïŒïŒïŒâãã¹ã¹ã«ããã«ã¢ã«ã«ã³ããã³
ãã®èªå°äœãç¥ãããŠãããæ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³å
éæº¶å€ãšããŠäœ¿ãããšãã§ããã åŠççµæç©ã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªé¡ã奜ãŸããã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãª
éå±ã®æ°Žé žåç©ãããšãã°æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ãã
ãã¯æ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã ãå«ãã§ãããéãåããã
ãæå æ§ã®èŠçŽ ãšååèŠçŽ ãšã®éã«èãå±€ãšããŠ
åŠççµæç©ãååžãããããšã«ãããããé©çšã
ããªãã°ããããŠç¹ã«ãããã®èŠçŽ ãéãåãã€
ãé¢ä¿ã«ããããã«ååžããããªãã°ãåŠççµæ
ç©ã¯éåäœãã€ã«ã 圢æå€ãæ¿ååå€ãããã¯å¢
ç²å€ãå«ãã§ãããšå¥œãŸãããããããã·ãšãã«
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ããã³ãããªãŠã ã«ã«ããã·ã¡ãã«ã»
ã«ããŒã¹ã¯ããã®ç®çã®ããã«ç¹ã«æçšã§ããã
æ¡æ£è»¢ååçæ³ã®å ¬ç¥ã®åçã«ããé©åœãªç²åºŠã
äžããã®ã«å¹æçãªæ¿åºŠã§åŠççµæç©ã®äžã«å«æ
ããããåŠççµæç©ã¯ããã«ãéè»¢åæ³ã«ãããŠ
å ¬ç¥ã®å¥ã®å©å€ãããšãã°ãã¶ã鲿¢å€ã調è²å€
ïŒtoning agentsïŒãå®å®åå€çã嫿ãããŠãã
ãã æ¬çºæã§çšããããååèŠçŽ ã¯ãåè¿°ãããã
ã«ã芪氎æ§ããªããŒãã€ã³ããŒäžã«éæ²æ®¿å€ãå«
æããååå±€ãæ æããæ¯æäœããæã€ãŠããã 芪氎æ§ããªããŒãšããŠæ°å€ãã®äŸãç¥ãããŠã
ãããåè¿°ããããã«ç¹ã«åçã»ã«ããŒã¹ãè¯
ãããã®ãããªååèŠçŽ ãã€ããã«ã¯ãã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ãšã¹ãã«ãããšãã°äºé ¢é žã»ã«ããŒã¹ã«ãèžç
ã«ããéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãŸããåŸã§ãæ¯æäœäžã«å¡åž
ããã¢ã«ã«ãªå æ°Žåè§£ããæ¹æ³ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹
ãã«æº¶æ¶²äžã§ãããšãã°ç¡é žéãšç¡«åãããªãŠã
ãšãåå¿ãããŠãã®å Žã§éæ²æ®¿å€ãäœæããæ¯æ
äœäžã«å¡åžããŠããã¢ã«ã«ãªå æ°Žåè§£ããæ¹æ³ã
ãããããæ¯æäœäžã«å¡åžããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ã
ã«å±€ãã¢ã«ã«ãªå æ°Žåè§£ãããšåæã«å æ°Žåè§£ã
ããå±€ã®äžã«éæ²æ®¿å€ãããèŸŒãæ¹æ³ãããã³ã
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«å±€ãã¢ã«ã«ãªå æ°Žåè§£ããŠå
çã»ã«ããŒã¹ã«ããåŸã§ãå æ°Žåè§£ãããå±€ã®äž
ã§ããšãã°å¡©åéé žãšéå å€ãšãåå¿ãããŠéæ²
殿å€ãäœæããæ¹æ³ãªã©ãå©çšããããšãã§ã
ãã ãŸãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠãéæ²æ®¿å€ã嫿ããå æ°Žå
è§£ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«ã®å±€ã®äžå±€ã«ãå æ°Ž
åè§£ãããŠããªãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«ãããã¯äž
éšå æ°Žåè§£ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«ã®å±€ãæ®ã
ãŠããããšãã§ããããããšãã°ããªããã«ãã
ã©ãŒã«ã®ãããªããªããŒå±€ãèšããããšãã§ã
ãããããã®ããªããŒå±€ã¯é²æ°Žå±€ãšããŠåœ¹ç«ã€ã
ãšãç¥ãããŠããã ãŸããå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠéæ²æ®¿å€ã嫿ããå æ°Žå
è§£ãããã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«ã®å±€ãšäžå±€ã®ã»ã«ã
ãŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«æãã¯äžéšå æ°Žåè§£ãããã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ãšã¹ãã«ãããã¯ããªããã«ããã©ãŒã«ãªã©ã
ãæã鲿°Žå±€ãšã®éã«èŠªæ°Žæ§ã®å¥ã®ããªããŒå±€ã
èšããŠãè¯ãããã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ããªããŒå±€ã«çšããã
ãããªããŒãšããŠã¯äŸãã°ãŒã©ãã³ãèªå°äœãŒã©
ãã³ïŒããšãã°ãã¿ã«åãŒã©ãã³ãªã©ïŒãç³é¡
ïŒããšãã°ã§ãã·ããã¬ã©ã¯ããã³ãã³ãã¢ã©ã
ã¢ãŽã ãããããã·ãšãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã¡ãã«ã»
ã«ããŒã¹ãããããã·ã¡ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ããã«ã©
ã³ãããããã·ãããã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãªã©ïŒã芪氎
æ§åæé«ååïŒããšãã°ãããªã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ããã
ããªã¡ãã«ã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ãããããªââããã«ã
ããªãã³ãïŒâããããã·ãšãã«ã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã¬ãŒã
ãªã©ïŒãããã æŽã«å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠã¢ã«ã«ãªäžåå€å±€ãèšããŠã
è¯ãããã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªäžåå€å±€ã«ã¯ããšãã°ç¹å ¬æ
48â33697ã«èšèŒã®éåäœé žãªã©ãçšããããã ããã«ãååå±€ã®äžã«ãåŠçæ¶²ã®å¥é¢æ§ãæ¹è¯
ããç®çã§ã芪氎æ§ããªããŒãããšãã°ã«ã«ãã
ã·ã¡ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ããŒã©ãã³ãã¢ã©ãã¢ãŽã ã
ãžã¡ãã«ããã³ãã€ã³âãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããçž®å
ç©ãé ¢é žãã¿ã«é žæ°ŽçŽ ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãªã©ã®å±€ãå¡åž
ããããšãæå¹ã§ããã ããã«ãçœè²åºŠãåäžããããã«è¢å å¢çœå€ã
æ·»å ããããšãåºæ¥ããããŸãå¡åžãããããªã
ãŒå±€ãè»ããããããã«å¯å¡å€ã®æ·»å ãæå¹ã§ã
ãã ååèŠçŽ äžã«æ¬çºæã«çšããç»åå®å®åå€ãå«
æãããããã«ã¯ãäžã«è¿°ã¹ããããªå±€ã®ãã¡ã®
ïŒã€ãããã¯ïŒã€ä»¥äžã®å±€ã®äžã«æ·»å ããããšã
ã§ããã ç¹ã«æçšãªå ·äœäŸã«ãããŠãç±³åœç¹èš±3607269
ã«èšèŒãããŠããããã«éæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãå±€ãããª
ãã¡ååå±€ã®äžã«ããå æ°Žåè§£ãåããªãã€ãã»
ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«ã®å±€ã®äžã«ãæ¬çºæã®ç»åå®å®
åå€ãæ·»å ããããšãããã¯ãç¹éæ49â120634
ã«èšèŒãããŠããããã«å æ°Žåè§£ãããã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ãšã¹ãã«ã®å±€ã®äžå±€ã«ïŒâããããã·ãšãã«ã¡
ã¿ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒãã®ãããªèŠªæ°Žæ§é«ååã®å±€ãèš
ãããã®å±€ã®äžã«æ¬çºæã®ç»åå®å®åå€ãæ·»å ã
ãããšãæå©ã§ããããšã倿ãããå æ°Žåè§£ã
åããªãã€ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãšã¹ãã«ã®å±€ãããã¯èŠª
æ°Žæ§é«ååã®å±€ããããã¯ãã®ä»ã®å±€ã®äžã«æ·»å
ããéã¯ãçŽïŒã1000Ã10-6mol/m2ã奜ãŸããã
ç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã®ã¯10ã500Ã10-6mol/m2ã®éã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæã®ç»åå®å®åå€ãåçèŠçŽ äžã«å«æãã
ãããã«ã¯ãæ°Žãããã¯äœæ²žç¹ææ©æº¶å€ãããšã
ã°ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ããšã¿ããŒã«ããããããŒã«ãã¢ã»
ãã³ãã¡ãã«ãšãã«ã±ãã³ãã·ã¯ããããµã³ã
ã³ãã·ã¯ããã³ã¿ãã³ãç³æ²¹ãšãŒãã«ããã³ãŒ
ã³ããã«ãšã³ããšãŒãã«ãããã©ããããã©ã³ã
ãžãªããµã³ããžã¡ãã«ãã«ã ã¢ãããé ¢é žãšã
ã«ãé ¢é žããã«ããªã©é©åœãªããªããŒãšãšãã«æº¶
è§£ããŠå¡åžããããšã«ãã€ãŠå«æãããããšãã§
ããããåçèŠçŽ ã調æŽããåŸã§ãç»åå®å®åå€
ã®æº¶æ¶²ã«åçèŠçŽ ãæµžæŒ¬ããããšã«ãã€ãŠå«æã
ããããšãåºæ¥ãã ãŸããç»åå®å®åå€ãåŠççµæç©ã®äžã«æ·»å ã
ãŠããåŠçããŠããéã«ååèŠçŽ ã«æ¡æ£ããç»å
å®å®å广ãçºæ®ãããããšãã§ããã ãŸããæ¬çºæã«çšããååç©ãããã§ã«å ¬ç¥ã®
ç»åå®å®åå€ãšçµã¿åãããŠçšããããšãã§ã
ããããã«ãæ¬çºæã«çšããååç©ããééå±
å¡©ãããšãã°éããã©ãžãŠã ãçœéãéãªã©ã®è²Ž
éå±ã®å¡©ããããã¯äºéãããã±ã«ãªã©ã®éå±å¡©
ãšãšãã«çšããããšãæå¹ã§ãããç¹ã«æçšãªé
éå±å¡©ãšããŠã坿º¶æ§ã®éå¡©ãæå¹ã§ããããšã
ããã€ãã é©åœãªéæ²æ®¿å€ã®äŸãšããŠãééå±ãããšãã°
éãéãäºéãããã±ã«ãã«ãããŠã ãã¹ãºãã¯
ãã ãé ãã³ãã«ããç¹ã«è²Žéå±ãããšãã°éã
éãçœéããã³ãã©ãžãŠã ããããä»ã®æçšãªé
æ²æ®¿å€ã¯ééå±ã®ç¡«åç©ããã³ã»ã¬ã³åç©ãç¹ã«
æ°Žéãé ãã¢ã«ãããŠã ãäºéãã«ãããŠã ãã³
ãã«ããããã±ã«ãéããã©ãžãŠã ãéãã¢ã³ã
ã¢ã³ããã¹ãã¹ãã»ãªãŠã ããã³ãã°ãã·ãŠã ã®
ç¡«åç©ãããã³éãäºéãã¢ã³ãã¢ã³ããã³ãã
ã±ã«ã®ã»ã¬ã³åç©ããããããšãã§ãããé転å
æ³ã«ãããŠéæ²æ®¿å€ã®åŠãææã®åãã«ã€ããŠ
ã¯ãããšãã°ãšããŠã€ã³ã»ãšããã»ã©ã³ãçã®
1956幎12æ18æ¥å ¬åã®ç±³åœç¹èš±2774667ã«èšèŒã
ããŠããã å ¬ç¥ã®æè¡ã®ããã«ãéæ²æ®¿å€ã¯æ¥µãå°éãã
ãšãã°çŽïŒã25Ã10-5mol/m2ã§ååšããŠããã
éåžžãå¯èœãªæäœã®æ°Žæºãçšããããããããã
é«ãæ¿åºŠã§ã¯ãéå°ã®éãæ²ç©ããããããã¯ã
ã€ã©ã€ãé åã«ãããŠæãŸãããªãèæ¯ã®æ¿åºŠ
ïŒdensityïŒãçããŠããŸãããšãããããã§ã
ããæ··åéæ²æ®¿å€ãçšããŠãããããã®ããã«å
åå±€ã¯ãæ²æ®¿æ žã®ååšã«é¢ããéãå®è³ªçã«ç¡è²
äžã€å®è³ªçã«éæã§ãããšè¿°ã¹ãããšãã§ããã 以äžã«ã宿œäŸããã³æ¯èŒäŸããããŠãæ¬çºæ
ãããã«è©³çްã«èª¬æããã ïŒçºæã®äœçšã»å¹æïŒ æ¬çºæã®äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããå
åç©ã嫿ããéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã¯çŸååŠ
çãè¡ãªãåã®ä¿åäžã«å€åãå°ãªãã®ã§çŸååŠ
çåã®Dmaxãé«ããããã«åŠçåã®éç»åãå®
å®ã§ãã€ãŠDmaxã®å€åãå°ãã广ãæããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ãã
ã©ã¹ãåãããŠãããã®ã¯ãšãã«çŸååŠçãè¡ãª
ãåã®ä¿åäžã«ãããŠååç©ãæ¡æ£ãã«ãããã
ããåçèŠçŽ ãä¿åçµæããŠãé«ãDmaxãåŸã
ããã æ¬çºæã®äžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããå
åç©ã¯ååã·ãŒãã®éæ²æ®¿å€å«æå±€ããåŠçæ¶²åŽ
ã«è©²ååç©ãååšãããŠãçŸåæå¶ãèµ·ããªãã®
ã§ããããç»åãšãã«é«ãDmaxããã€ãç»åã
åŸãããã åãäžèšã®æ¬çºæã®ååç©ãéæ²æ®¿å€å«æã®èŠª
æ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«å«æããããŠãã該ååç©ã«ã
ãçŸåæå¶äœçšãçãã«ããã®ã§ãéæ²æ®¿å€å«æ
ååå±€ã«çŽæ¥è©²ååç©ã嫿ããããããšãã§ã
ãã ïŒå®æœäŸïŒ 宿œäŸ ïŒ (1) ååã·ãŒãã®èª¿æŽ ããªãšãã¬ã³ãã³ããæŸé»åŠçããããªãšã
ã¬ã³ã©ãããŒãçŽïŒåªæ°150ïœ//m2ãããªãšã
ã¬ã³ã®åã¿20ÎŒïœïŒã®äžã«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãžã¢ã»
ããŒãïŒé ¢å床53ïŒ ïŒïŒïœãšãã¡ãã«ãããŒã«
ãšãŒãã«12ïœãšãã¢ã»ãã³200mlãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«
20mlã«æº¶è§£ããæº¶æ¶²ã10ïœ/m2ã«ãªãããã«å¡
åžããã ãã®å±€ã®äžã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãžã¢ã»ããŒã20ïœã
ã¢ã»ãã³200mlãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«20mlã«æº¶è§£ããæº¶
æ¶²ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã¢ã»ããŒãã®ä¹Ÿç¥èåã5ÎŒïœ
ã«ãªãããã«å¡åžããã ãã®ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒãã®å±€ã®äžã«ã
ïŒïŒ ã®ããªã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ããæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã也ç¥èå
0.5ÎŒïœã«ãªãããã«å¡åžããããã«ä»¥äžã®ãã
ã«ããŠèª¿æŽããç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã ãå«ãã»ã«ããŒ
ã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒã溶液ã«ãè²èª¿å€ãšããŠïŒâã
ãšãã«âïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã«ãå ããŠ
也ç¥èå1.5ÎŒïœã«ãªãããã«å¡åžããã 䜿çšããç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã ãå«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»
ãžã¢ã»ããŒã溶液ã¯ã以äžã®ããã«ããŠäœæã
ãã ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒãïŒé ¢å床54ïŒ ïŒ50
ïœãã¢ã»ãã³800mlãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«100mlã«æº¶è§£ã
ãæ¶²ã«ãç¡«åãããªãŠã ïŒ9H2OïŒ0.12ïœãæ°Ž
15mlãšã¢ã»ãã³35mlã«æº¶ãããæ¶²ãšãå¡©åãã©
ãžãŠã ãããªãŠã 0.15ïœãæ°Ž15mlãšã¢ã»ãã³35
mlãšã«æº¶ãããæ¶²ãšããæ¿ããæ¹æããªããæ·»
å ããã ããããŠåŸãããç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã ã嫿ãã
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãžã¢ã»ããŒãå±€ã®äžã«ãKOH45ïœ
ãæ°Ž200mlãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«800mlãšã«æº¶è§£ããã¢ã«
ã«ãªæ§å æ°Žå解液ã20ïœ/m2å¡åžããŠãç¡«åã
ã©ãžãŠã ãå«ãåçã»ã«ããŒã¹ã®å±€ãäœæã
ãã ããããŠåŸãããç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã ãå«ãåç
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã®å±€ã«äžã«ãäžèšã«ç€ºãç»åå®å®å
å€ããã³ãã®åé§äœãå«ããã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãšãã
ã«ã¡ã¿ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããšã®ã³ããªããŒãå¡åžã
ãã ååç©ã¯ããããã1.0Ã10-4mol/m2ã«ãªã
ããã«èª¿æŽããã çšããç»åå®å®åå€ããã³ãã®åé§äœã¯ã以
äžã®ãšããã§ããã ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç© ïŒ ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç©12 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç©13 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç©14 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ïŒâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããã·ã
ãšãã«ïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã«
ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ïŒâïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããª
ã¡ãã«ãããã«ããªïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããâïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒâãã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŒã« ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ãã©ã³ã¯ ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ (2) æå å±€ã·ãŒãã®èª¿è£œ éåžžã®æ¹æ³ã§å¹³åç²åŸ1.0ÎŒïœã®ãŒã©ãã³åæ£
ãšãŠèåéä¹³å€ã調æŽãããããã100ïœãã
ãã«ãšãã50âã®ææž©ãã¹äžã«ãããŠæº¶è§£ã
ããããã«ïŒâïœïŒâã¯ããâïŒâãïŒâãšãã«
âïŒâïŒïŒâãšãã«âïŒâãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªããª
ãã³ïŒããããã«ãâïŒâãã³ãºãªããµãŸãªãªïœ
ãããã³ã¹ã«ãããŒããïŒâïœïŒâãïŒâãšãã«
ãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªã³âïŒâã€ãªãã³ïŒâïŒâã¡ã
ã«âïŒâããããã«ãâïŒâãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªãªïœ
ãããã³ã¹ã«ãããŒããïŒâããããã·âïŒâ
ã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒïŒ3aïŒïŒâããã©ã¶ã€ã³ãã³
ã®ïŒééïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²10mlãïŒâããããã·âïŒïŒ
ïŒâãžã¯ããããªã¢ãžã³ãããªãŠã å¡©ã®ïŒéé
ïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²10mlãæŽã«ããã·ã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é žãããªãŠã ã®ïŒééïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²10mlãå ããŠæ¹
æããããã®å®æä¹³å€ãé žåãã¿ã³ã嫿ãã
äžå¡ãæžã®ããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãã»ãã€
ã«ã ããŒã¹ã«ä¹Ÿç¥èåãïŒãã¯ãã³ã«ãªããã
ã«å¡åžä¹Ÿç¥ããŠè©ŠæãåŸããå¡åžããééã¯
1.0ïœ/m2ã§ãã€ãã (3) åŠçæ¶²çµæ æ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã ïŒ40ïŒ KOH氎溶液 323c.c. äºé žåãã¿ã³ ïŒïœ ããããã·ãšãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ 79ïœ é žåäºé 9.75ïœ ïŒ®ïŒïŒ®âãã¹ïŒã¡ããã·ãšãã«ããããã·ã¢ã
ã³ 75ïœ ããªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³æº¶æ¶²ïŒæ°Ž6.2éšã«å¯ŸããŠ
ããªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³4.5éšïŒ 17.14ïœ ããã©ãããããªããžã³ããªã³ 0.4ïœ ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ã«ããããªããžã³ 0.35ïœ ãŠã©ã·ã« 80ïœ æ°Ž 1193ïœ (4) çŸååŠçåã³æ¿åºŠæž¬å® æå å±€ã·ãŒããè²æž©åºŠ5400Kã®å æºããã€æ
å èšãçšããŠå æ¥é²å ãè¡ãªã€ãããã®é²å æž
ã®æå å±€ã·ãŒããšäžèšã®ååã·ãŒããéããã®
éã«äžèšåŠçæ¶²ã0.05mmã®åãã§å±éãæ¡æ£è»¢
åçŸåã25âã®é°å²æ°äžã§40ç§åŸã«äž¡ã·ãŒãã
å¥é¢ãããžç»åãåŸãã ãããå¯å£«ãã€ã«ã 瀟補TCDåèªå·±æ¿åºŠèš
ãçšããŠæž¬å®ããæå€§æ¿åºŠïŒDmaxïŒãæ±ã
ãã (5) 匷å¶å£åè©Šéš ïœïŒ çãµã³ãã«åŒ·å¶å£åè©Šéš æªçŸåã®ååèŠçŽ ãã50âã80ïŒ RHãã
ã³60âãDryã®æ¡ä»¶äžã«72æé眮ããåŸã§ã
åèš(4)ãšåæ§ã«ããŠçŸååŠçããã ïœïŒ 転åç»åã®åŒ·å¶å£åè©Šéš åèš(4)ãšåæ§ã«ããŠçŸååŠçããŠåŸããã
転åç»åãã60âã70ïŒ RHãããã³40âã
90ïŒ RHã®æ¡ä»¶äžã«72æé眮ãã耪è²ãè©äŸ¡
ããã (6) çµæ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ¡âïŒããâïŒãçšãã詊éšã
ããåŸãããçµæãããŸãšããŠè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã ãã®è¡šã«ã¯è»¢åç»åã®è²èª¿ãçŸååŠççŽåŸãš
60âã70ïŒ RH3æ¥ã®åŒ·å¶å£åãã¹ãåŸãšã«ã€
ããŠèšå ¥ããã
ã衚ã
æ¬çºæã®ç»åå®å®åå€ãçšããååã·ãŒãâ
ïŒãâïŒã¯ãæ¯èŒäŸã®ïŒ¡âïŒãâïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠ
çŸååŠççŽåŸã®Dmaxãé«ãããã€çãµã³ãã«ã®
匷å¶çµæã«ããDmaxäœäžãå°ãããããã«åå
ã·ãŒãâïŒãâïŒã¯ããã©ã³ã¯ãµã³ãã«ã®ïŒ¡
âïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠç»å耪è²ãå°ããã åŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã«çšããç»åå®å®åå€ã¯ç»åä¿å
æ§ãšçä¿åæ§ãšãæ¹è¯ããããšãåºæ¥ã極ããŠæ
å©ã§ããã 宿œäŸ ïŒ (1) ååã·ãŒã(B)ã®äœæ 宿œäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠãããªãšãã¬ã³ã©ãã
ãŒãçŽã®äžã«ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãšç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žãšã®
ã³ããªããŒãšãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒãã®
50wtïŒ ïŒ50wtïŒ ã®æ··åç©ã10ïœ/m2ã«ãªããã
ã«å¡åžããã ãã®å±€ã®äžã«ãïŒâïŒïŒââããã·ã«ã«ã«
ãã¢ã€ã«ããšãã«ïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸ
ãŒã«ãå«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒãã®å±€ãïŒ
ïœïŒm2ã«ãªãããã«å¡åžãããïŒâïŒïŒââã
ãã·ã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«ããšãã«ïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ã
ãã€ãããŸãŒã«ã¯0.05ïœ/m2ã®éã«ãªãããã«
調æŽããã ãã®å±€ã®äžã«ã宿œäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠããªã¢
ã¯ãªã«ã¢ããã®å±€0.5ïœ/m2ãšãïŒâããšãã«â
ïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã«ãšç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã
éæ²æ®¿å€ãšãå«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãžã¢ã»ããŒãå±€
1.5ïœ/m2ãšãé ã«å¡åžããããã«KOHãå«ã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§å æ°Žå解液ãå¡åžããã ããã«ç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã ãå«ãåçã»ã«ããŒã¹
ã®å±€ã®äžã«ãã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãšããã«ã¡ã¿ã¢ã¯ãªã¬
ãŒãã®ã³ããªããŒã®å±€ãå¡åžãããïŒãããå
åã·ãŒãâïŒãšããïŒãã®å¡åžå±€ãå¡åžãã
ããã®å¡åžæ¶²ã®äžã«åã ã以äžã«ç€ºããããªç»
åå®å®åå€ãïŒÃ10-4mol/m2ã«ãªãããã«æ·»
å ããŠãååã·ãŒãâïŒããâïŒãäœæã
ãã ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç© ïŒïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç©12ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç©13ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç©14ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ïŒâïŒïŒââããã·ã«
ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«ããšãã«ïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ã
ããŸãŒã« ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ïŒâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããã·ã
ãšãã«ïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã«
ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ãã©ã³ã¯ ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ
ïŒãâïŒã¯ãæ¯èŒäŸã®ïŒ¡âïŒãâïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠ
çŸååŠççŽåŸã®Dmaxãé«ãããã€çãµã³ãã«ã®
匷å¶çµæã«ããDmaxäœäžãå°ãããããã«åå
ã·ãŒãâïŒãâïŒã¯ããã©ã³ã¯ãµã³ãã«ã®ïŒ¡
âïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠç»å耪è²ãå°ããã åŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã«çšããç»åå®å®åå€ã¯ç»åä¿å
æ§ãšçä¿åæ§ãšãæ¹è¯ããããšãåºæ¥ã極ããŠæ
å©ã§ããã 宿œäŸ ïŒ (1) ååã·ãŒã(B)ã®äœæ 宿œäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠãããªãšãã¬ã³ã©ãã
ãŒãçŽã®äžã«ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãšç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žãšã®
ã³ããªããŒãšãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒãã®
50wtïŒ ïŒ50wtïŒ ã®æ··åç©ã10ïœ/m2ã«ãªããã
ã«å¡åžããã ãã®å±€ã®äžã«ãïŒâïŒïŒââããã·ã«ã«ã«
ãã¢ã€ã«ããšãã«ïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸ
ãŒã«ãå«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒãã®å±€ãïŒ
ïœïŒm2ã«ãªãããã«å¡åžãããïŒâïŒïŒââã
ãã·ã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«ããšãã«ïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ã
ãã€ãããŸãŒã«ã¯0.05ïœ/m2ã®éã«ãªãããã«
調æŽããã ãã®å±€ã®äžã«ã宿œäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠããªã¢
ã¯ãªã«ã¢ããã®å±€0.5ïœ/m2ãšãïŒâããšãã«â
ïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã«ãšç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã
éæ²æ®¿å€ãšãå«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ãžã¢ã»ããŒãå±€
1.5ïœ/m2ãšãé ã«å¡åžããããã«KOHãå«ã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§å æ°Žå解液ãå¡åžããã ããã«ç¡«åãã©ãžãŠã ãå«ãåçã»ã«ããŒã¹
ã®å±€ã®äžã«ãã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãšããã«ã¡ã¿ã¢ã¯ãªã¬
ãŒãã®ã³ããªããŒã®å±€ãå¡åžãããïŒãããå
åã·ãŒãâïŒãšããïŒãã®å¡åžå±€ãå¡åžãã
ããã®å¡åžæ¶²ã®äžã«åã ã以äžã«ç€ºããããªç»
åå®å®åå€ãïŒÃ10-4mol/m2ã«ãªãããã«æ·»
å ããŠãååã·ãŒãâïŒããâïŒãäœæã
ãã ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç© ïŒïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç©12ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç©13ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ååç©14ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ïŒâïŒïŒââããã·ã«
ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«ããšãã«ïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ã
ããŸãŒã« ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ïŒâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããã·ã
ãšãã«ïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã«
ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ååã·ãŒãâïŒ ãã©ã³ã¯ ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ
ã衚ã
(2) è©Šéšæ¡ä»¶
宿œäŸïŒãšåãæå
èŠçŽ ãšåŠçæ¶²ãçšããŠã
宿œäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠãã¹ãããã (2) çµæ åŸãããçµæããŸãšããŠè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ãçšããååã·ãŒãâïŒã
âïŒã¯ãæ¯èŒäŸã®ïŒ¢âïŒãâïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠçŸ
ååŠçåŸã®Dmaxã®äœäžãå°ããããã€ãïŒâ
ïŒ41ââããã·ã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«ããšãã«ïŒâïŒ
âã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã«åç¬äœ¿çšããååã·
ãŒãâïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠç»å匷å¶è€ªè²æ¡ä»¶ã§ã®
Dmaxäœäžãå°ããã åŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®ååç©ãããããç»åå®å®å
ã®å¹æãæããããšã¯æããã§ããã 宿œäŸ ïŒ (1) ååã·ãŒã(C)ã®äœæ 宿œäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠãããªãšãã¬ã³ã©ãã
ãŒãçŽã®äžã«ã¡ãã«ããã«ãšãŒãã«ãšç¡æ°Žãã¬
ã€ã³é žãšã®ã³ããªããŒãšãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»
ããŒãã®æ··åç©ã10ïœ/mã«ãªãããã«å¡åžã
ãã ãã®å±€ã®äžã«ã以äžã«ç€ºããããªç»åå®å®å
å€ã2.5Ã10-3ã¢ã«ïŒm2ã«ãªãããã«å«æãã
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒãã®å±€ãïŒïœ/m2ã«ãª
ãããã«å¡åžããã çšããç»åå®å®åå€ã¯ä»¥äžã®ãšããã§ããã ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ååç© ïŒ ïŒæ¬çº
æïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ååç©10 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ååç©11 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ååç©13 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ååç©14 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ã«ã«ã
ãã€ãããŸãŒã« ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ïŒâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããã·ããšã
ã«ïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã« ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ãã©ã³ã¯ ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ãããã®ç»åå®å®åå€ãå«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãž
ã¢ã»ããŒãã®å±€ã®äžã«ãã¢ã©ãã¢ãŽã 氎溶液ã
也ç¥åã¿0.5ÎŒïœã«ãªãããã«å¡åžããããã«ã
è²èª¿å€ãšããŠïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€
ãããŸãŒã«ãå«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒãã®
å±€ã2ÎŒïœã«ãªãããã«å¡åžããã ãã®ããã«ããŠèª¿æŽããã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»
ããŒãå±€ãå«ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã©ãããŒãçŽã®äž
ã«ã以äžã«ç€ºããããªéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãã¢ã«ã«ãª
æ§å æ°Žå解液ã30mol/m2å¡åžããŠãæ¡æ£è»¢å
çšååã·ãŒãâïŒãâïŒãäœæããã 䜿çšããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§å æ°Žå解液ã¯ä»¥äžã®ãã
ã«ããŠèª¿è£œããã ãŸãç¡é žããã±ã«0.7ïœãæ°ŽïŒc.c.ã«æº¶è§£ãã
ãããã°ãªã»ãªã³100ïœäžã«å ããããã®æº¶æ¶²
ã®äžã«ãæ¿ããæ¹æããªããç¡«åãããªãŠã ïŒ
ïœãæ°ŽïŒc.c.ã«æº¶è§£ããæº¶æ¶²ãå ããŠç¡«åããã±
ã«ã®éæ²æ®¿å€ãäœæããã æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã 55ïœãæ°Ž300mlãšã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«1200mlã«æº¶ãããæº¶æ¶²ã«äžèšã®éæ²æ®¿å€åæ£
ç©ã40ïœæ·»å ããã (2) è©Šéšæ¡ä»¶ 宿œäŸïŒãšåãæå èŠçŽ ãšåŠçæ¶²ãšãçšããŠ
宿œäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠãã¹ãããã (3) çµæ ååã·ãŒãâïŒããâïŒãçšããŠè©Šéšã
ãçµæã衚âïŒã«ç€ºãã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ãçšããååã·ãŒãâïŒã
âïŒã¯ãæ¯èŒäŸã®ïŒ£âïŒããã³ïŒ£âïŒã«æ¯ã¹
ãŠåŠççŽåŸã®Dmaxãé«ãããã€çãµã³ãã«ã®
匷å¶çµæãã¹ãã«ããDmaxäœäžãå°ãããã
ãã«ååã·ãŒãâïŒããâïŒã¯ããã©ã³ã¯
ãµã³ãã«ã®ïŒ£âïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠæããã«ç»åãå®å®
ã§ããã åŸã€ãŠãæ¬çºæã®ååç©ããåªããæ§èœãçº
æ®ããã®ã¯ãæçœã§ããã
宿œäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠãã¹ãããã (2) çµæ åŸãããçµæããŸãšããŠè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ãçšããååã·ãŒãâïŒã
âïŒã¯ãæ¯èŒäŸã®ïŒ¢âïŒãâïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠçŸ
ååŠçåŸã®Dmaxã®äœäžãå°ããããã€ãïŒâ
ïŒ41ââããã·ã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«ããšãã«ïŒâïŒ
âã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã«åç¬äœ¿çšããååã·
ãŒãâïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠç»å匷å¶è€ªè²æ¡ä»¶ã§ã®
Dmaxäœäžãå°ããã åŸã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®ååç©ãããããç»åå®å®å
ã®å¹æãæããããšã¯æããã§ããã 宿œäŸ ïŒ (1) ååã·ãŒã(C)ã®äœæ 宿œäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠãããªãšãã¬ã³ã©ãã
ãŒãçŽã®äžã«ã¡ãã«ããã«ãšãŒãã«ãšç¡æ°Žãã¬
ã€ã³é žãšã®ã³ããªããŒãšãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»
ããŒãã®æ··åç©ã10ïœ/mã«ãªãããã«å¡åžã
ãã ãã®å±€ã®äžã«ã以äžã«ç€ºããããªç»åå®å®å
å€ã2.5Ã10-3ã¢ã«ïŒm2ã«ãªãããã«å«æãã
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒãã®å±€ãïŒïœ/m2ã«ãª
ãããã«å¡åžããã çšããç»åå®å®åå€ã¯ä»¥äžã®ãšããã§ããã ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ååç© ïŒ ïŒæ¬çº
æïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ååç©10 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ååç©11 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ååç©13 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ååç©14 ïŒæ¬çºæïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ã«ã«ã
ãã€ãããŸãŒã« ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ïŒâïŒïŒâã«ã«ããã·ããšã
ã«ïŒâïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€ãããŸãŒã« ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ååèŠçŽ ïŒ£âïŒ ãã©ã³ã¯ ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ãããã®ç»åå®å®åå€ãå«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãž
ã¢ã»ããŒãã®å±€ã®äžã«ãã¢ã©ãã¢ãŽã 氎溶液ã
也ç¥åã¿0.5ÎŒïœã«ãªãããã«å¡åžããããã«ã
è²èª¿å€ãšããŠïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ã«ã«ããã€
ãããŸãŒã«ãå«ãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»ããŒãã®
å±€ã2ÎŒïœã«ãªãããã«å¡åžããã ãã®ããã«ããŠèª¿æŽããã»ã«ããŒã¹ã»ãžã¢ã»
ããŒãå±€ãå«ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã©ãããŒãçŽã®äž
ã«ã以äžã«ç€ºããããªéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãã¢ã«ã«ãª
æ§å æ°Žå解液ã30mol/m2å¡åžããŠãæ¡æ£è»¢å
çšååã·ãŒãâïŒãâïŒãäœæããã 䜿çšããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§å æ°Žå解液ã¯ä»¥äžã®ãã
ã«ããŠèª¿è£œããã ãŸãç¡é žããã±ã«0.7ïœãæ°ŽïŒc.c.ã«æº¶è§£ãã
ãããã°ãªã»ãªã³100ïœäžã«å ããããã®æº¶æ¶²
ã®äžã«ãæ¿ããæ¹æããªããç¡«åãããªãŠã ïŒ
ïœãæ°ŽïŒc.c.ã«æº¶è§£ããæº¶æ¶²ãå ããŠç¡«åããã±
ã«ã®éæ²æ®¿å€ãäœæããã æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã 55ïœãæ°Ž300mlãšã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«1200mlã«æº¶ãããæº¶æ¶²ã«äžèšã®éæ²æ®¿å€åæ£
ç©ã40ïœæ·»å ããã (2) è©Šéšæ¡ä»¶ 宿œäŸïŒãšåãæå èŠçŽ ãšåŠçæ¶²ãšãçšããŠ
宿œäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠãã¹ãããã (3) çµæ ååã·ãŒãâïŒããâïŒãçšããŠè©Šéšã
ãçµæã衚âïŒã«ç€ºãã æ¬çºæã®ååç©ãçšããååã·ãŒãâïŒã
âïŒã¯ãæ¯èŒäŸã®ïŒ£âïŒããã³ïŒ£âïŒã«æ¯ã¹
ãŠåŠççŽåŸã®Dmaxãé«ãããã€çãµã³ãã«ã®
匷å¶çµæãã¹ãã«ããDmaxäœäžãå°ãããã
ãã«ååã·ãŒãâïŒããâïŒã¯ããã©ã³ã¯
ãµã³ãã«ã®ïŒ£âïŒã«æ¯ã¹ãŠæããã«ç»åãå®å®
ã§ããã åŸã€ãŠãæ¬çºæã®ååç©ããåªããæ§èœãçº
æ®ããã®ã¯ãæçœã§ããã
ã衚ã
ã衚ã
奜ãŸãã宿œæ
æ§ãæ¬¡ã«æããã
ïŒ ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§ç€º
ãããååç©ã
ãããååç©ã
ãåŒãã§ãããäœãR4
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºåã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«éš
åã®ççŽ æ°ãïŒã30ã®çœ®æã¢ã«ãã«åºã衚ã
ãã ïŒ å®æœæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠR4ãããã«åºããã³ã
ã«åºãããã·ã«åºããããã«åºããªã¯ãã«åºã
ãã·ã«åºãããã·ã«åºãããã©ãã·ã«åºããã
ãµãã·ã«åºããªã¯ã¿ãã·ã«åºã§ããã ïŒ ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§ç€º
ãããååç©ã
åã®ççŽ æ°ãïŒã30ã®çœ®æã¢ã«ãã«åºã衚ã
ãã ïŒ å®æœæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠR4ãããã«åºããã³ã
ã«åºãããã·ã«åºããããã«åºããªã¯ãã«åºã
ãã·ã«åºãããã·ã«åºãããã©ãã·ã«åºããã
ãµãã·ã«åºããªã¯ã¿ãã·ã«åºã§ããã ïŒ ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§ç€º
ãããååç©ã
ãåŒã
ã§ããã
äœããA1ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³åºã
衚ããã ïŒ å®æœæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠA1ããšãã¬ã³åºããã
ãã¬ã³åºãããã¬ã³åºããã³ãã¬ã³åºãããã
ã¬ã³åºããªã¯ãã¬ã³åºã§ããã ïŒ ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã«ãããŠååèŠçŽ äžã«äžè¬åŒ
ïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ã嫿ãã
ããšãç¹åŸŽãšããéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã ïŒ å®æœæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãååèŠçŽ ãéæ²æ®¿å€ã
嫿ããååå±€ãå«ãã ïŒ å®æœæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãååå±€ã®ãã€ã³ããŒã
åçã»ã«ããŒã¹ã§ããã ïŒ å®æœæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©
ãååå±€ããäžå±€ã«æ·»å ãããŠããååèŠçŽ ã ïŒ å®æœæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©ã
å«ãå±€ã®ãã€ã³ããŒãïŒâããããã·ãšãã«ã¡
ã¿ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒãã®ããªããŒãå«ãååèŠçŽ ã 10 宿œæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãååèŠçŽ ãé žããªããŒ
ã®å±€ã嫿ããã 11 宿œæ æ§10ã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©
ãé žããªããŒã®å±€ã«äžã«å«ãŸããŠããååèŠ
çŽ ã 12 宿œæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©
ãéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãå±€ã®äžã«å«ãŸããŠããååèŠ
çŽ ã 13 宿œæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©
ã
衚ããã ïŒ å®æœæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠA1ããšãã¬ã³åºããã
ãã¬ã³åºãããã¬ã³åºããã³ãã¬ã³åºãããã
ã¬ã³åºããªã¯ãã¬ã³åºã§ããã ïŒ ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã«ãããŠååèŠçŽ äžã«äžè¬åŒ
ïŒïŒåã¯ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ã嫿ãã
ããšãç¹åŸŽãšããéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã ïŒ å®æœæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãååèŠçŽ ãéæ²æ®¿å€ã
嫿ããååå±€ãå«ãã ïŒ å®æœæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãååå±€ã®ãã€ã³ããŒã
åçã»ã«ããŒã¹ã§ããã ïŒ å®æœæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©
ãååå±€ããäžå±€ã«æ·»å ãããŠããååèŠçŽ ã ïŒ å®æœæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©ã
å«ãå±€ã®ãã€ã³ããŒãïŒâããããã·ãšãã«ã¡
ã¿ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒãã®ããªããŒãå«ãååèŠçŽ ã 10 宿œæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãååèŠçŽ ãé žããªããŒ
ã®å±€ã嫿ããã 11 宿œæ æ§10ã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©
ãé žããªããŒã®å±€ã«äžã«å«ãŸããŠããååèŠ
çŽ ã 12 宿œæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©
ãéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãå±€ã®äžã«å«ãŸããŠããååèŠ
çŽ ã 13 宿œæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©
ã
ãåŒãã§ããååèŠçŽ ãããã§R4ã¯
ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºã
衚ããã 14 宿œæ æ§13ã«ãããŠãR7ãããã«åºããã³
ãã«åºãããã·ã«åºããããã«åºããªã¯ãã«
åºããã·ã«åºãããã·ã«åºãããã©ãã·ã«åºã
ãããµãã·ã«åºããªã¯ã¿ãã·ã«åºã§ããã 15 宿œæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©
ã
衚ããã 14 宿œæ æ§13ã«ãããŠãR7ãããã«åºããã³
ãã«åºãããã·ã«åºããããã«åºããªã¯ãã«
åºããã·ã«åºãããã·ã«åºãããã©ãã·ã«åºã
ãããµãã·ã«åºããªã¯ã¿ãã·ã«åºã§ããã 15 宿œæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©
ã
ãåŒãã§ããååèŠçŽ ãã
ãã§A1ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®ã¢ã«ãã¬ã³åºã衚ã
ãã 16 宿œæ æ§15ã«ãããŠA1ããšãã¬ã³åºããã
ãã¬ã³åºãããã¬ã³åºããã³ãã¬ã³åºãããã
ã¬ã³åºããªã¯ãã¬ã³åºã§ããã 17 ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã«ãããŠãããã²ã³åéåç
ä¹³å€ãå«ãæå èŠçŽ ãæ¯æäœäžã«å¡åžãããæ
å ææãšéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãååèŠçŽ ãå¥ã®æ¯æäœ
äžã«å¡åžãããååææãšãéãåããŠãåŠç
èŠçŽ ã§ããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§åŠççµæç©ãåèšã®æå
ææãšååææãšã®éã«å±éããããšã«ãã€ãŠ
転åéç»åãåŸãéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã 18 宿œæ æ§17ã«ãããŠååèŠçŽ ã®æ¯æäœãããª
ãšãã¬ã³ã©ãããŒãçŽã§ããã 19 ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã«ãããŠååèŠçŽ ããçŸååŠ
çåŸã«ååèŠçŽ ã®PHãäœäžããããã«ãäžåã®
ã¿ã€ãã³ã°ãå¶åŸ¡ããå±€ããã€ãŠããã 20 宿œæ æ§19ã«ãããŠäžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°ã®å±€ãã¢
ã»ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã嫿ããã 21 宿œæ æ§17ã«ãããŠååèŠçŽ ã®å±€æ§æããæ¯
æäœåŽããé žããªããŒå±€ãäžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°å±€ã
ããã³éæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãååå±€ãå«ãã 22 宿œæ æ§17ã«ãããŠååèŠçŽ ã®å±€æ§æããæ¯
æäœåŽãããé žããªããŒå±€ãäžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°
å±€ã芪氎æ§ããªããŒå±€ãããã³éæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ã
ååå±€ãããªã€ãŠããããšã 23 宿œæ æ§21åã³22ã«ãããŠäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããå
åç©ããååå±€ãšä»ã®å±€ãšã®äž¡æ¹ã«æ·»å ãããŠ
ãããšã 24 宿œæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©
ãšãæ°Žå¯æº¶ã®ééå±å¡©ãšã嫿ããååèŠçŽ ã 25 宿œæ æ§24ã«ãããŠééå±å¡©ãå¡©åéé žã§ã
ãã
ãã 16 宿œæ æ§15ã«ãããŠA1ããšãã¬ã³åºããã
ãã¬ã³åºãããã¬ã³åºããã³ãã¬ã³åºãããã
ã¬ã³åºããªã¯ãã¬ã³åºã§ããã 17 ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã«ãããŠãããã²ã³åéåç
ä¹³å€ãå«ãæå èŠçŽ ãæ¯æäœäžã«å¡åžãããæ
å ææãšéæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãååèŠçŽ ãå¥ã®æ¯æäœ
äžã«å¡åžãããååææãšãéãåããŠãåŠç
èŠçŽ ã§ããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§åŠççµæç©ãåèšã®æå
ææãšååææãšã®éã«å±éããããšã«ãã€ãŠ
転åéç»åãåŸãéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã 18 宿œæ æ§17ã«ãããŠååèŠçŽ ã®æ¯æäœãããª
ãšãã¬ã³ã©ãããŒãçŽã§ããã 19 ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã«ãããŠååèŠçŽ ããçŸååŠ
çåŸã«ååèŠçŽ ã®PHãäœäžããããã«ãäžåã®
ã¿ã€ãã³ã°ãå¶åŸ¡ããå±€ããã€ãŠããã 20 宿œæ æ§19ã«ãããŠäžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°ã®å±€ãã¢
ã»ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ã嫿ããã 21 宿œæ æ§17ã«ãããŠååèŠçŽ ã®å±€æ§æããæ¯
æäœåŽããé žããªããŒå±€ãäžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°å±€ã
ããã³éæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ãååå±€ãå«ãã 22 宿œæ æ§17ã«ãããŠååèŠçŽ ã®å±€æ§æããæ¯
æäœåŽãããé žããªããŒå±€ãäžåã¿ã€ãã³ã°
å±€ã芪氎æ§ããªããŒå±€ãããã³éæ²æ®¿å€ãå«ã
ååå±€ãããªã€ãŠããããšã 23 宿œæ æ§21åã³22ã«ãããŠäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããå
åç©ããååå±€ãšä»ã®å±€ãšã®äž¡æ¹ã«æ·»å ãããŠ
ãããšã 24 宿œæ æ§ïŒã«ãããŠäžè¬åŒã§ç€ºããååç©
ãšãæ°Žå¯æº¶ã®ééå±å¡©ãšã嫿ããååèŠçŽ ã 25 宿œæ æ§24ã«ãããŠééå±å¡©ãå¡©åéé žã§ã
ãã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ ããã²ã³åéæå èŠçŽ ãååèŠçŽ åã³åŠçèŠ
çŽ ãããªãéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã«ãããŠã該
èŠçŽ ã®ããããïŒã€ã«äžèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒåã¯
ïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ã嫿ããããšãç¹åŸŽãš
ããéå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ ã åŒäžR0ã¯åãã§ãç°ãªã€ãŠããããæ°ŽçŽ ååã
ããã²ã³ååãã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮
æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·
åºã眮æã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«
ãã«ã¹ã«ããã«åºã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ãªãŒã«
ã¹ã«ããã«åºãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãã¢ã«ãã«ãŸã
ã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºã
ã«ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãè€çŽ ç°åºã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æ
ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãã¢ã·ã«åºã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢
ã«ã³ãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã·
ã«ãªãã·åºã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ã«ãã«ããª
åºã眮æãŸãã¯ç¡çœ®æã®ã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåºãïŒçŽã¢
ããåºãŸãã¯ãã®å¡©ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãŸãã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«
åºã§çœ®æãããïŒçŽãŸãã¯ïŒçŽã¢ããåºãŸãã¯ã
ã®å¡©ããããåºãããããã·åºãã«ã«ããã·ã«
åºãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºããŸãã¯ã·ã¢ãåºã衚ããã R1ãR2ã¯åã æ°ŽçŽ ååãããã²ã³ååãã¢ã«
ãã«åºã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºãŸãã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã衚ã
ãã R3ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«
åºã眮æã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯è€çŽ ç°åºã衚ããã A1ã¯äºäŸ¡ã®åºã衚ãããïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ã
衚ãããïœã¯ïŒåã¯ïŒã衚ããã
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58231087A JPS60122939A (ja) | 1983-12-07 | 1983-12-07 | éå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ |
| US06/678,941 US4569899A (en) | 1983-12-07 | 1984-12-06 | Photographic element for silver salt diffusion transfer process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58231087A JPS60122939A (ja) | 1983-12-07 | 1983-12-07 | éå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60122939A JPS60122939A (ja) | 1985-07-01 |
| JPH0151176B2 true JPH0151176B2 (ja) | 1989-11-01 |
Family
ID=16918078
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58231087A Granted JPS60122939A (ja) | 1983-12-07 | 1983-12-07 | éå¡©æ¡æ£è»¢åæ³åçèŠçŽ |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4569899A (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPS60122939A (ja) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5032499A (en) * | 1986-08-08 | 1991-07-16 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. | Thermal light-sensitive material with combination of fog restrainers |
| US4945026A (en) * | 1986-08-15 | 1990-07-31 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Image receiving element for use in a silver salt diffusion transfer process |
| JPH02129631A (ja) * | 1988-11-09 | 1990-05-17 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | æ¡æ£è»¢åã®ååèŠçŽ ã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³ |
| US6043013A (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2000-03-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | Color photographic element containing elemental silver and heterocyclic thiol in a non-light sensitive layer |
| US6902880B2 (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2005-06-07 | Agfa-Gevaert | Stabilizers for use in substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording materials |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE633364A (ja) * | 1962-06-09 | |||
| US3698900A (en) * | 1968-01-18 | 1972-10-17 | Polaroid Corp | Diffusion transfer process utilizing 2-mercapto imidazoles |
| US3607269A (en) * | 1968-04-01 | 1971-09-21 | Polaroid Corp | Image-receiving elements and photographic processes employing same |
| US3704126A (en) * | 1970-12-07 | 1972-11-28 | Polaroid Corp | Silver image stabilization with noble metal compounds |
| JPS5436495B2 (ja) * | 1971-11-09 | 1979-11-09 | ||
| JPS5544936B2 (ja) * | 1973-03-20 | 1980-11-14 |
-
1983
- 1983-12-07 JP JP58231087A patent/JPS60122939A/ja active Granted
-
1984
- 1984-12-06 US US06/678,941 patent/US4569899A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60122939A (ja) | 1985-07-01 |
| US4569899A (en) | 1986-02-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4224401A (en) | Silver halide photographic emulsions and image forming process | |
| GB2066492A (en) | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive materials | |
| US4873181A (en) | Silver halide photographic material | |
| JPH0456967B2 (ja) | ||
| JPH0550730B2 (ja) | ||
| US5292627A (en) | Tone control of photographic images | |
| JPH0136929B2 (ja) | ||
| GB2138583A (en) | A silver halide photographic material | |
| JPS61170733A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
| US4569899A (en) | Photographic element for silver salt diffusion transfer process | |
| US4551419A (en) | Method of developing silver halide photographic material | |
| JPS6136213B2 (ja) | ||
| US4612277A (en) | Image-receiving element for silver salt diffusion process with image stabilizer precursor | |
| EP0128594B1 (en) | Photographic elements for silver salt diffusion transfer process | |
| US4683189A (en) | Toners for silver halide diffusion transfer image with sulfo or carboxyl groups | |
| JPH05216156A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéç»ååœ¢æææ | |
| DE69032186T2 (de) | Photographische Silberhalogenidmaterialien | |
| JPS62160438A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
| US4945026A (en) | Image receiving element for use in a silver salt diffusion transfer process | |
| US4310613A (en) | Liquid processing composition for silver complex diffusion transfer process | |
| US5618652A (en) | Image formation method by silver salt diffusion transfer | |
| JPS60194443A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
| EP0477436B1 (en) | Roomlight handleable UV sensitive direct positive silver halide photographic material | |
| JPS6250810B2 (ja) | ||
| US5236805A (en) | Method of forming images by means of silver salt diffusion transfer |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |