JPH0440120Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an exhaust system used in production and processing factories that have hazardous working environments such as dust and harmful gases.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in the above-mentioned production and processing factories, it has been necessary to suppress the airborne diffusion of harmful substances for the sake of worker hygiene, and laws and regulations have also been added.

The most common countermeasure is the local exhaust system.
However, this "local exhaust system" is only applicable when the source of harmful substances is approximately fixed and the area where the harmful substances are generated is small. Therefore, sources of harmful substances are constantly moving and do not stay in a fixed position, such as painting work on medium to large machine tools, bridge steel frames, shipbuilding blocks, steel products, wooden furniture, vehicle maintenance, etc., and cutting and polishing work. If the problem occurs over a wide area, it is difficult or impossible to install individual suction hoods, so a "local exhaust system" is recommended.
does not apply.

Of course, the "general ventilation system" using rooftop fans or wall-mounted fans is completely ineffective.

In addition, across the various types of work mentioned above, it is necessary to create a vertical uniform flow with a uniform wind speed at the height of the worker's breathing position (1.5 m) over the entire working floor area, not only at unspecified locations. If this can be done, it will be possible to reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the air to the extent expected with the local exhaust system.

A push-pull method has traditionally been used to create such a vertically uniform flow at the worker's breathing position (1.5 m above ground).

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, this push-pull method is only useful in painting work when it is necessary to adjust the temperature of the push air flow, or when it is necessary to remove dust and dehumidify, and these specially adjusted air It is not used for cutting and polishing work or painting work on general medium to large machinery, bridge steel frames, shipbuilding blocks, etc., which are not required, because it has the following defects. That is, since the upper part of the work floor is completely shielded, it is impossible or extremely difficult to use a crane to transport or transport objects.

Since two systems of the same capacity, an air supply system and an exhaust system, are required, the investment is about twice as high as that of a single system that can achieve the same effect with only the exhaust system.

For the same reason as above, ordinary expenses such as power consumption will double, and the expenses required for maintenance and inspection of filters, ducts, etc. will also be large.

Next, as a method for vertically downward suction using only an exhaust system without using the push-pull method, the pit method has generally been used.

However, this pit method has the following defects and is therefore not used in the above-mentioned fields such as painting work. That is, since the top surface of the pit generally serves as the hood intake port, it is impossible or extremely difficult to adjust the intake air volume to the same level over a long distance.
Therefore, it is difficult to create a vertical uniform flow, which requires uniform wind speed, over a large work floor area.

In the conventional pit system, the intake port and duct are both used, so the paint mist and grinding dust sucked in from the suction port directly adhere to the side wall of the pit.

This means that when it comes to maintaining the performance of the exhaust system,
This means that the worst-case scenario is ``deposition on the inner surface of the duct,'' which should be avoided the most.

In general, pits are not dug horizontally with respect to the work floor surface, but vertically. This makes the removal work of adhering paint mist, fine powder, etc. inefficient, and as a practical matter, workers do not like to be in the pit, leading to insufficient momentum and maintenance management. In many cases, this leads to a decline in equipment performance.

The floors of factories that produce heavy products such as large machines and bridge steel frames are hardened with reinforcing bars during construction.
Since various types of piping are buried, it is often impossible to dig new pits.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a vertical uniform flow exhaust device that can solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention includes an exhaust header that runs linearly on the factory floor and is connected to an exhaust fan by a duct, and a header that is perpendicular to the direction in which the exhaust header runs and that adjacent ones are spaced parallel to each other. A plurality of partition plates arranged on a floor surface, a plurality of tread plates arranged on these partition plates in parallel with the exhaust header at intervals to form a working floor surface, and a distance between these tread plates. an open footboard that occupies an area parallel to the running direction of the exhaust header and approximately the same length; and an airflow that is formed between the partition plate, the footboard, the open footboard, and the floor surface and communicates with the exhaust header. and a shield raised above the dust generation height on the outer periphery of the work floor surface, the air suction area of the opening tread is wide and the area of the opening tread near the exhaust header is wide and the air flow is It is characterized in that the distance between the opening treads is set so that it becomes narrower toward the end of the passage.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the features of the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

[First Example] In Figures 1 and 2, 1 is a plurality of rows (6 rows in the example) arranged in parallel at equal parallel intervals on the factory floor F that requires a vertical uniform flow exhaust system. These are partition plates, and 2 is a partition plate provided in a direction perpendicular to these partition plates 1 as necessary. As is clear from FIGS. 3 and 4, these partition plates 1 and 2 are preferably made of shaped steel.

Note that the height of the long side of the partition plate 1 is approximately 100 to 150 mm. This means that if the suction wind speed is 3.5 to 4.5 m/s, which is necessary to create a vertical uniform flow, the effect of colliding and collecting harmful substances will diminish if the suction wind speed is 200 mm or more, and
This is because if it is less than this, the pressure loss in the air flow passage increases and is uneconomical in practice.

The partition plate 1 and the partition plate 2 are divided in advance into units having the required length and width (10 divisions in the first embodiment) to prepare a rectangular framework, and these are successively connected to complete the arrangement of the required area. You may.

A plurality of tread plates 3 are placed on these partition plates 1 in a direction orthogonal to the partition plates 1, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

In this case, the tread 3 uses a non-perforated striped steel plate,
It is convenient for the thickness to be about 2.2 to 3.2 mm and the width to be less than 200 to 500 mm. This is because its weight does not become a burden when attaching and detaching it, and at the same time, it is convenient when adjusting the interval between the open footboards 4 shown in FIG. 6.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, two stoppers 3a may be provided at the bottom of the footboard 3 for convenience during attachment and detachment to reliably prevent displacement.

In addition, in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, 4 is the tread plate 3.
A plurality of open step boards are inserted between the open step boards 4 and open at the top, and the distance between the open step boards 4 can be freely adjusted to form a vertical uniform flow work floor surface V on the factory floor surface F. That is, as shown in FIG.
When arranging them, the suction speed and flow rate from the opening tread plate 4 close to the exhaust header 5 side for exhausting air from the space partitioned by each partition plate 1 to the outside becomes larger than when arranged in the center. Therefore, in order to uniformly exhaust the air from the entire factory floor surface F as a vertical flow, it is necessary to match the number and distribution of the opening treads 4 to the capacity of the exhaust fan 9. Therefore, by increasing the share of the exhaust volume from the opening tread plate 4 closest to the exhaust header 5 side and decreasing it as the distance increases, the relationship between the suction force and the flow rate can be made constant for all the opening tread plates 4. Can be set. Therefore, when the distance from the exhaust header 5 to the nearest aperture tread plate 4 is A, the exhaust area by this aperture tread plate 4 has a width of 2A across the aperture tread plate 4, and the adjacent aperture tread plate 4 is connected to the exhaust header. from 5
They may be placed at a distance of 2A+B (B<A). At this time, the exhaust area by the opening treadle located at a distance of 2A+B will be shared by the width of 2B.

As is clear from FIGS. 2 and 3, a horizontally long rectangular airflow passage P can be formed between the two opposing partition plates 1, the tread plate 3, and the factory floor F. In addition, in FIG. 1, 8 is an airflow passage P.
In FIG. 7, reference numerals 11 and 12 are flanges for connecting the work floor V and the exhaust header 5. This air flow passage P is connected at its end to an exhaust header 5 extending on both sides of the vertical uniform flow work surface V as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the exhaust header 5 is connected to a duct 6, and an exhaust fan 9 is attached to the duct 6. As shown in FIG. 4, a grid 13 is provided on the open footboard 4 to prevent the toes of shoes or the wheels of a truck from getting into it.

In the above configuration, the open footboards 4 are arranged so that the side closer to the exhaust header 5 widens the air suction area, so the suction force on the side closer to the exhaust header 5 is stronger and the one on the end side of the air flow path P is weaker. Air can be uniformly removed from the work floor surface V even when
That is, since the opening tread plate 4 reduces its share of the air suction amount as it goes to the end of the air flow path P, even if the suction force is weak, the flow rate becomes smaller, so the suction by the opening tread plate 4 near the exhaust header 5 is reduced. It can be set to be approximately equal to the amount. Therefore, from the perspective of the entire working floor surface V, the amount of air suction from each opening tread plate 4 becomes uniform, and the flow velocity of descending air can be made uniform over the entire area, without causing accumulation or dispersion of dust. This can be quickly sucked and removed to the exhaust header 5 side. Note that it is preferable that the wind speed of the vertical flow at a height of 1.5 m above the working floor surface V is uniformly set to about 0.2 m/s.

In addition, in order to further ensure a uniform flow of descending air due to suction from the opening treadle 4, the first
As shown in the figure and FIG. 2, a shield 7 consisting of a disaster prevention sheet, a wall, etc. is provided around the work floor surface. This shield 7 prevents the inflow of external airflow,
In addition, in cooperation with the opening tread plate 4, an air flow equal to the lower suction amount flows in from the removal to form a vertical flow. The shielding body 7 preferably has a painted or polished smooth surface, and its height is preferably higher than the general height of dust generation, for example, 2.0 to 2.5 m.

[Second Embodiment] FIGS. 8 and 9 show the case where the exhaust header 5 is disposed only on one side of the vertical uniform flow working floor surface V,
The work floor surface V is effective when the factory is narrow.

In addition, throughout the first and second embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, if the factory floor surface F can dig into the pit 15, the work surface It is also possible to connect the ends of the V to the exhaust header 5.

Of course, the pit 15 in this case, unlike the conventional pit which also serves as a hood and has an open top, serves as an exhaust header to communicate the airflow sucked in by the work floor surface V serving as a hood to the duct. The air seal must be perfect.

[Effect of idea]

As described above, in the present invention, the open footboards are arranged so that the flow of descending air on the work floor is uniform over almost the entire area of the work floor. Therefore, regardless of whether the work floor is wide or narrow, dust can be quickly removed without spreading or accumulating, making it ideal for use in painting booths and a wide variety of other fields. In addition, compared to the conventional pit method, there is no need to dig a pit, making the equipment simpler, and unlike the push-pull method, the ceiling is open, so the person who carries out the workpiece using a crane can freely move the workpiece. Efficiency will also improve.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a vertical uniform flow exhaust device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partially detailed explanatory diagram of FIG. 2. , Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the working floor structure, Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the tread, Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the opening tread, and Fig. 7 is an explanation showing the connection between the end of the working floor and the exhaust header. 8 is a plan view of the vertical uniform flow exhaust system of the second embodiment, FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line of FIG. 8, and FIGS. Alternatively, it is an explanatory diagram showing the connection of the terminal to the exhaust header (pit). In the figure, 1... Division board, 2... Partition plate, 3... Step board, 4... Opening step board, 5... Exhaust header, 6...
...exhaust duct, 7...shielding body, 8...blind plate, 9...
...Exhaust fan, 11, 12...Flange, 13...Grate, 15...Pit, F...Factory floor, P...Airflow passage, V...Vertical uniform flow work floor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Exhaust headers running in a straight line on the factory floor and connected to the exhaust fan by ducts, and adjacent exhaust headers that are perpendicular to the direction in which the exhaust headers run are arranged parallel to each other at intervals on the factory floor. a plurality of partition plates formed on the partition plates, a plurality of tread plates arranged parallel to the exhaust header at intervals on these partition plates to form a working floor surface; an open tread plate extending parallel to the direction in which the exhaust header runs and occupying an area of approximately the same length; an air flow passageway formed between the partition plate, the tread plate, the opening tread plate, and the floor surface and communicating with the exhaust header; a shield raised above the dust generation height on the outer periphery of the work floor surface, the air suction area of the opening tread is wide, and the air suction area of the opening tread is close to the exhaust header side, and the air suction area of the opening tread is wide and close to the end of the airflow passage. A vertical uniform flow exhaust system characterized in that the distance between each opening tread is set so that it becomes narrower as it goes toward the top.