JPH06510324A - アルミナ含有二酸化チタニウムの存在下に有機ホスホン酸またはエステルの触媒を用いてポリアミドの分子量を増加させる方法 - Google Patents
アルミナ含有二酸化チタニウムの存在下に有機ホスホン酸またはエステルの触媒を用いてポリアミドの分子量を増加させる方法Info
- Publication number
- JPH06510324A JPH06510324A JP5505166A JP50516693A JPH06510324A JP H06510324 A JPH06510324 A JP H06510324A JP 5505166 A JP5505166 A JP 5505166A JP 50516693 A JP50516693 A JP 50516693A JP H06510324 A JPH06510324 A JP H06510324A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alumina
- titanium dioxide
- alkyl
- acid
- containing titanium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 67
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 41
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 13
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title description 45
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004204 2-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 19
- GTACSIONMHMRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(benzenesulfonamido)ethylsulfanyl]-2,6-difluorophenoxy]acetamide Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(OCC(=O)N)=C(F)C=C1SCCNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GTACSIONMHMRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 101710130081 Aspergillopepsin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 15
- 102100031007 Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase Human genes 0.000 description 15
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 7
- QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 aral Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 101100481408 Danio rerio tie2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101100481410 Mus musculus Tek gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QDBZWLAQPHAUGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methoxyphenyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1P(O)(O)=O QDBZWLAQPHAUGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ABIFUJNCKIMWRZ-JGVFFNPUSA-N (2r,4s)-4-(3-phosphonopropyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H]1C[C@@H](CCCP(O)(O)=O)CCN1 ABIFUJNCKIMWRZ-JGVFFNPUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- IAKOZHOLGAGEJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-methoxyphenyl)-Ethane Chemical group C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 IAKOZHOLGAGEJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGUWZCUCNQXGBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]-5-nitro-1h-indole Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCN1CC1=CNC2=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C12 VGUWZCUCNQXGBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000282994 Cervidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000640882 Condea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287227 Fringillidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000162682 Heterogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910018830 PO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003416 augmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZEGPPPCKHRYGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxyphosphorylbenzene Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 VZEGPPPCKHRYGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNGOYPQMJFJDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)OC)=C1 VNGOYPQMJFJDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 101150002764 purA gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003504 terephthalic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/48—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- 1.末端カルボキシ基および末端アミノ基を含有するポリアミドとアルミナ含有 二酸化チタニウムとを、触媒として有効な量のR(CH2)nPO3R12(I ) 式中: Rは2−ピリジルまたは2−メトキシフェニルであり;各R1は独立にHまたは C1−10アルキルから選択されたものであり; nは0または2−5の整数であるが、前提として、Rが2−メトキシフェニルで ある場合にはnは0であるから選択した少なくとも1種のホスホン酸触媒および /またはそのエステルの存在下に加熱する工程を含む、アルミナ含有二酸化チタ ニウムの存在下にポリアミドの分子量を増加させる方法。
- 2.Rが2−ピリジルであることを特徴とする請求の範囲1記載の方法。
- 3.nが2または3であることを特徴とする請求の範囲2記載の方法。
- 4.各R1がHまたは線形のC2−4アルキルであることを特徴とする請求の範 囲3記載の方法。
- 5.各R1が線形のC2−4アルキルであることを特徴とする請求の範囲4記載 の方法。
- 6.各R1がエチルであり、nが2であることを特徴とする請求の範囲5記載の 方法。
- 7.各R1がn−ブチルであり、nが2であることを特徴とする請求の範囲5記 載の方法。
- 8.各R1がHであり、nが3であることを特徴とする請求の範囲5記載の方法 。
- 9.Rが2−メトキシフェニルであり、各R1がHまたはC1−4アルキルであ ることを特徴とする請求の範囲1記載の方法。
- 10.各R1がC1−4アルキルであることを特徴とする請求の範囲9記載の方 法。
- 11.各R1がエチルであることを特徴とする請求の範囲10記載の方法。
- 12.上記のアルミナ含有二酸化チタニウムがポリアミドの重量を基準にして約 5重量パーセン以内の濃度で存在することを特徴とする請求の範囲1記載の方法 。
- 13.上記のアルミナ含有二酸化チタニウムが約8重量パーセント以内のアルミ ナを含有するものであることを特徴とする請求の範囲12記載の方法。
- 14.上記のアルミナ含有二酸化チタニウムが約2重量パーセント以内のアルミ ナを含有するものであることを特徴とする請求の範囲13記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US751,024 | 1991-08-28 | ||
| US07/751,024 US5142000A (en) | 1991-08-28 | 1991-08-28 | Process for increasing polyamide molecular weight with organophosphonic acid or ester catalysts in the presence of alumina-containing titanium dioxide |
| PCT/US1992/006111 WO1993005086A2 (en) | 1991-08-28 | 1992-07-28 | PROCESS FOR INCREASING POLYAMIDE MOLECULAR WEIGHT WITH ORGANOPHOSPHONIC ACID OR ESTER CATALYSTS IN THE PRESENCE OF ALUMINA-CONTAINING TiO¿2? |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06510324A true JPH06510324A (ja) | 1994-11-17 |
| JP3832595B2 JP3832595B2 (ja) | 2006-10-11 |
Family
ID=25020159
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP50516693A Expired - Lifetime JP3832595B2 (ja) | 1991-08-28 | 1992-07-28 | アルミナ含有二酸化チタニウムの存在下に有機ホスホン酸またはエステルの触媒を用いてポリアミドの分子量を増加させる方法 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5142000A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0602068B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3832595B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9206411A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2115741A1 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69219345T2 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2100359T3 (ja) |
| MX (1) | MX9203971A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1993005086A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4215589A1 (de) * | 1992-05-12 | 1993-11-18 | Bayer Ag | Färbeverfahren |
| US5357030A (en) * | 1992-06-03 | 1994-10-18 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Process for producing and polyamide compositions comprising lactamyl phosphites as chain extending agents |
| EP0604367B1 (de) * | 1992-12-22 | 1997-01-29 | Ciba SC Holding AG | Molekulargewichtserhöhung von Polyamiden |
| US5496920A (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1996-03-05 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Increasing the molecular weight of polyamides |
| US5420230A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-05-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Amidation catalyst concentrates |
| US5756596A (en) * | 1993-12-16 | 1998-05-26 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation | Increasing the molecular weight of polyamides |
| US5543495A (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1996-08-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for increasing the molecular weight of polyamides and other condensation polymers |
| US5698658A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1997-12-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Linear very high molecular weight polyamides and process for producing them |
| KR100818845B1 (ko) | 1998-09-09 | 2008-04-01 | 메타베이시스 테라퓨틱스, 인크. | 신규한 프럭토스 1,6-비스포스파타제의 헤테로방향족 억제제 |
| FR2787797B1 (fr) * | 1998-12-23 | 2006-01-06 | Rhodianyl | Procede de fabrication de polyamide |
| AU784370B2 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2006-03-23 | Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc. | Novel bisamidate phosphonate prodrugs |
| US7563774B2 (en) | 2000-06-29 | 2009-07-21 | Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc. | Combination of FBPase inhibitors and antidiabetic agents useful for the treatment of diabetes |
| JP2008510018A (ja) * | 2004-08-18 | 2008-04-03 | メタバシス・セラピューティクス・インコーポレイテッド | フルクトース−1,6−ビスホスファターゼの新規チアゾール阻害物質 |
| FR2954451B1 (fr) | 2009-12-21 | 2012-03-02 | Technip France | Conduite flexible sous-marine comprenant une couche comprenant une resine polyamide comprenant un silsesquioxane oligomerique polyedrique |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1084324A (ja) * | 1965-06-23 | |||
| FR1531145A (fr) * | 1966-07-13 | 1968-06-28 | Ici Ltd | Polyamides |
| US4912175A (en) * | 1988-08-01 | 1990-03-27 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for in creasing polyamide molecular weight with P containing catalyst |
| US4966949A (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1990-10-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for increasing the molecular weight of a polyamide with p containing catalyst |
-
1991
- 1991-08-28 US US07/751,024 patent/US5142000A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-07-06 MX MX9203971A patent/MX9203971A/es unknown
- 1992-07-28 EP EP92917126A patent/EP0602068B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-28 WO PCT/US1992/006111 patent/WO1993005086A2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-07-28 BR BR9206411A patent/BR9206411A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-07-28 ES ES92917126T patent/ES2100359T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-28 JP JP50516693A patent/JP3832595B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-28 CA CA002115741A patent/CA2115741A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-07-28 DE DE69219345T patent/DE69219345T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5142000A (en) | 1992-08-25 |
| WO1993005086A2 (en) | 1993-03-18 |
| CA2115741A1 (en) | 1993-03-18 |
| WO1993005086A3 (en) | 1993-05-27 |
| EP0602068A1 (en) | 1994-06-22 |
| DE69219345T2 (de) | 1997-08-07 |
| ES2100359T3 (es) | 1997-06-16 |
| EP0602068B1 (en) | 1997-04-23 |
| JP3832595B2 (ja) | 2006-10-11 |
| DE69219345D1 (de) | 1997-05-28 |
| MX9203971A (es) | 1993-04-01 |
| BR9206411A (pt) | 1995-04-25 |
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