US6330876B1 - High-pressure injection system with common rail - Google Patents

High-pressure injection system with common rail Download PDF

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Publication number
US6330876B1
US6330876B1 US09/714,188 US71418800A US6330876B1 US 6330876 B1 US6330876 B1 US 6330876B1 US 71418800 A US71418800 A US 71418800A US 6330876 B1 US6330876 B1 US 6330876B1
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United States
Prior art keywords
port
pressure
common rail
injection system
plunger cylinder
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Expired - Lifetime
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US09/714,188
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English (en)
Inventor
Fritz Spinnler
Claudio Zanetti
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CRT Common Rail Tech AG
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CRT Common Rail Tech AG
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Assigned to CRT COMMON RAIL TECHNOLOGIES AG reassignment CRT COMMON RAIL TECHNOLOGIES AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SPINNLER, FRITZ, ZANETTI, CLAUDIO
Priority to US09/977,329 priority Critical patent/US6745753B2/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M39/00—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus with respect to engines; Pump drives adapted to such arrangements
    • F02M39/02—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus to facilitate the driving of pumps; Arrangements of fuel-injection pumps; Pump drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F02M55/025—Common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-pressure injection system for internal combustion engines.
  • GB-A-2 107 801 discloses a high-pressure injection system with a high-pressure pump having a plunger cylinder intended for an internal combustion engine, in which the pump delivers a pumped medium through a discharge port provided in a port element to a connection of a pressure line, which can be connected to an injector of the internal combustion engine.
  • the adjacent sides of the high-pressure pump and the port element are designed as high-pressure sealing surfaces, so that the use of sealing elements can be dispensed with.
  • EP 0 915 252 A2 discloses a common rail injection system, in which a high-pressure pump delivers a pumped medium directly into a pressure chamber provided in the common rail. Injectors, through which the pumped medium stored in the pressure chamber can be delivered to the internal combustion engine, are also inserted into the common rail. In this solution, the plunger cylinder is inserted directly into the common rail, so that the use of a port element can be dispensed with.
  • a high-pressure injection system including a high-pressure pump having a plunger cylinder, a port element arranged on an outlet side of the plunger cylinder and having an outlet port, a first end face and a second end face, and a high-pressure line element arranged on the outlet side of the port element.
  • the plunger cylinder has a delivery chamber.
  • the port element is flow-connected to the delivery chamber and an outlet valve.
  • the first end face of the port element faces the plunger cylinder.
  • the high-pressure line element comprises a common rail with a high-pressure sealing surface.
  • the common rail bears against the second end face of the port element.
  • the port element is clamped between the plunger cylinder and the common rail.
  • the first and second end faces of the port element each comprise a high-pressure sealing surface.
  • the present invention includes a common rail including a pressure chamber serving for storage of a pumped medium which is fed into the pressure chamber by a high-pressure pump and fed from the pressure chamber to a plurality of injectors inserted into the internal combustion engine, and at least one cylindrical formed-on part configured to be connected to a high-pressure pump and having an admission port and a discharge port.
  • the admission port is configured to feed the pumped medium carried in the common rail to the high-pressure pump
  • the discharge port is configured to receive the pumped medium from the high-pressure pump to the pressure chamber.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a high-pressure injection system according to the invention, with port element, by means of which the plunger cylinder of a high-pressure pump is connected to a common rail;
  • FIG. 1 a shows the high-pressure injection system in FIG. 1 with a common rail 10 a of preferred short design, which has a high-pressure outlet 120 ;
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the high-pressure injection system in FIG. 1 along the line II—II;
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a preferred embodiment of the port element and an inlet valve
  • FIG. 3 a shows an enlargement of the inlet valve provided with a hollow stem represented in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 4 shows the port part in FIG. 1 with centrally arranged inlet valve
  • FIG. 4 a shows the end face, facing the port part, of the plunger cylinder in FIG. 1 together with the gradient of the surface pressure on this end face;
  • FIG. 5 shows the port part in FIG. 3 with laterally offset inlet valve
  • FIG. 5 a shows the end face, facing the port part, of the plunger cylinder in FIG. 1 together with the gradient of the surface pressure on this end face;
  • FIG. 6 shows the port part in FIG. 3 provided additionally with a pin.
  • the high-pressure injection system 1 shown in the longitudinal section in FIG. 1 has two high-pressure pumps 20 and 20 a running in parallel.
  • the first high-pressure pump 20 represented in the section is provided with a plunger cylinder 21 having a flange 22 , in which a plunger 24 , pressed by a spring element 23 against a rolling contact ring 42 eccentrically arranged on a drive shaft 41 , is displaceably supported.
  • the lift of the plunger 24 is denoted by H in FIG. 1 .
  • a port element 30 which has end faces 34 and 35 , designed as high-pressure sealing surfaces and facing the plunger cylinder 21 and a common rail 10 , is arranged on the outlet side of the plunger cylinder 21 .
  • An inlet port 31 and an outlet port 32 which are connected to corresponding admission and discharge ports 13 , 14 respectively in the common rail 10 , run between the first end face 34 and the second end face 35 .
  • a pumped medium can be fed to the inlet port by way of the admission port 13 .
  • the discharge port 14 is connected to a pressure chamber 11 provided in the common rail 10 , from which chamber connecting lines 12 a , 12 b , 12 c , 12 d are each led to an injector 2 .
  • an inlet valve 33 and an outlet valve 17 are provided for opening and closing the inlet port 31 and the outlet port 32 .
  • the inlet valve 33 and the outlet valve 17 are drawn or pressed by spring elements against the corresponding openings of the ports 31 , 32 .
  • the common rail 10 has a formed-on part 15 provided with a thread 16 for each of the high-pressure pumps 20 ; 20 a .
  • the formed-on part 15 is provided on the end face with a high-pressure sealing surface, to which the second end face 35 of the port element 30 is connected in such a way that the inlet and outlet ports 31 , 32 are connected into the admission and discharge ports 13 , 14 respectively in the common rail 10 .
  • the formed-on part 15 is screw-fastened to a union nut 70 having an internal thread and an opening 73 , which serves to accommodate the plunger cylinder 21 (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the flange 22 provided on the plunger cylinder 24 on the outlet side and having a high-pressure sealing surface facing the port element 30 , is held by the union nut 70 through an inner flange 72 and drawn against the first end face 34 of the port element 30 .
  • the port element 30 is therefore clamped between the plunger cylinder 21 and the common rail 10 by the union nut 70 .
  • the union nut 70 In order to allow the union nut 70 to be grasped by a tool, it has a hexagonal shape 74 , for example, at the bottom end.
  • the high-pressure pumps 20 , 20 a are arranged in a housing 40 connected to the common rail 10 and tightly sealed by a cover 50 .
  • the drive shaft 41 provided for driving the plunger 24 is led into the housing 40 where it is supported in each of the bearings 43 , 53 provided in the housing 40 and in the cover 50 , respectively.
  • a port 52 connected to a connection 51 , is provided in the cover 50 .
  • the port 52 branches into two subsidiary ports 52 a and 52 b , of which the first subsidiary port 52 a leads to the bearing 53 and thence into the housing inner chamber 48 , and the second subsidiary port 52 b to a transfer port 45 provided in the housing 50 , which transfer port connects the second subsidiary port 52 b to the admission port 13 carried in the common rail 10 .
  • the flow rate of the pumped medium fed to the connection 51 by a feed pump is controlled by an intake throttle valve 46 projecting into the transfer port 45 , in which valve is connected to an adjusting element 47 fitted to the housing 40 .
  • This arrangement does not require any additional components, merely a corresponding design of the receiver section on the housing 40 .
  • the pumped medium fed into the housing inner chamber 48 that serves for lubrication of the drive shaft 41 and the plunger 24 is led away from the housing 40 through an outlet connection 44 together with any pumped medium that may have escaped in small quantities from the high-pressure pumps 20 , 20 a.
  • the high-pressure injection system 1 shown in FIG. 1 functions as follows. To downstream of the intake throttle valve 46 , the pumped medium flows by way of the transfer port 45 , the admission port 13 provided in the common rail 10 and the inlet port 31 provided in the port element 30 to the inlet valve 33 , which opens as soon as the pressure in the inner chamber of the plunger cylinder 21 falls when the plunger 24 runs out.
  • the pumped medium drawn into the inner chamber 25 of the plunger cylinder 21 is on the one hand forced against the inlet valve 33 , which closes the inlet port 31 , and on the other is fed by way of the outlet port 32 of the port element 30 to the outlet valve 17 , which opens and allows the pumped medium to pass to the pressure chamber 11 of the common rail 10 .
  • Pumped medium is therefore introduced into the pressure chamber 11 of the common rail 10 as a function of the speed of rotation of the drive shaft 41 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the high-pressure injection system 1 along the line II—II entered in FIG. 1 .
  • the common rail 10 is connected to the housing 40 by means of bolts 60 , which are screwed in through holes 61 in the common rail 10 into tapped holes 62 in the housing 40 .
  • the assembly of the plunger cylinder 21 and the port element 30 which are gripped and held by the union nut 70 connected to an internal thread 71 by the external thread 16 of the formed-on part 15 .
  • the pre-tensioning force for sealing of the connections produced at the end faces 34 , 35 of the port element 30 is transmitted to the outer flange 22 of the plunger cylinder 21 by the inner flange 72 of the union nut 70 uniformly over the entire circumference.
  • the resulting sealant-free seals at the end faces 34 , 35 of the port element 30 prevent fluids penetrating through the joints of the components connected to one another.
  • An increase in the surface pressure serving to close or reduce the existing joints permits a further improvement of the sealing, so that the high-pressure injection system 1 can operate with higher liquid pressures.
  • An increase in the surface pressure is advantageously obtained by the port element 300 , of preferred design shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 .
  • the increase in the surface pressure is obtained by reducing the connection surfaces of the components connected to one another.
  • the connection surfaces provided at the end faces 340 , 350 of the port element 300 are preferably reduced. This is done, for example, by sinking circular grooves 305 , 306 into the port element 300 , preferably at the edges of the end faces 340 , 350 .
  • the end faces of the adjoining components 15 , 21 can obviously also be correspondingly machined.
  • the differing gradient for the surface pressures at the connecting points for the two different designs of the port part 30 ; 300 can be seen from FIG. 4 a and FIG. 5 a , in which the end faces of the plunger cylinder 21 ; 210 are adapted to the port elements 30 ; 300 .
  • a distinctly higher surface pressure and hence an improved sealing of the connecting points is obtained for the port part 300 of preferred design.
  • the arrangement of the inlet valve 330 shown in FIG. 3 a inside the inlet port 310 permits a more advantageous centering of the ports 310 , 320 of the port element 300 , since no additional space is needed for the inlet valve 330 .
  • a comparison of the port elements 30 , 300 in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 furthermore shows that the course of the inlet port 310 provided with the inlet valve 330 is clearly simplified, resulting in a reduction in the manufacturing cost of the port element 300 .
  • the inlet valve 330 shown in FIG. 3 a has a hollow stem 331 provided with a port 332 .
  • the inner chamber 332 of the hollow stem or inlet valve 330 is connected by openings 333 to the inner chamber 250 of the plunger cylinder 210 as soon as the ram 334 is lifted off from its bearing surface, so that the fluid can pass into the cylinder chamber 250 as the plunger 24 descends.
  • the inlet valve 330 which has a mount 335 on the side remote from the ram 334 , the mount being drawn upwards by a valve spring 336 inserted in a cylindrical expansion 307 of the inlet port 310 , may also be used advantageously in other delivery systems independently of the high-pressure injection system described above.
  • valves can also be used for the high-pressure injection system 1 described above. It is possible to accommodate all or part of the outlet valve 17 , provided in the formed-on part, in the port element 30 or the port element 300 .
  • the port element 30 ; 300 may be provided with one or more pins 80 , is shown in FIG. 6 are inserted in holes 81 , 82 , 83 , which are provided in the formed-on part 15 ; 150 , in the port element 30 ; 300 and in the plunger cylinder 21 ; 210 .
  • port elements 30 , 300 that have an inlet valve 31 ; 310 and an outlet valve 32 ; 320 are represented in the drawings.
  • the invention can, however, also be used in systems in which fuel is fed to the high-pressure pump 20 not by way of the common rail and the port element, but through a line directly connected to the high-pressure pump 20 , for example.
  • the high-pressure injection system 1 can advantageously be used with various types of common rail.
  • the common rail 10 a shown there has a shortened body and a high-pressure outlet 120 .
  • the high-pressure injection system has a port element provided with at least one outlet port, with opposing end faces, to which a plunger cylinder of a high-pressure pump on the one hand and a common rail on the other are connected by way of high-pressure sealing surfaces, so that the high-pressure pump can draw in the pumped medium by way of an inlet valve and can introduce it at increased pressure through the outlet port of the port element and an outlet valve into a discharge port connected to a pressure chamber in the common rail.
  • the high-pressure injection system according to the present invention suitable for operation at very high pressures, is of simple construction and can therefore be manufactured, fitted and serviced at low cost.
  • the port element is particularly advantageous, for example, for the port element to be clamped between plunger cylinder and common rail by means of a union nut, so that further fixing measures are not necessary.
  • at least one pin which ensures correct alignment of the connected parts with one another, is preferably inserted into the port element.
  • inlet ports are also provided in the common rail and the port element, through which a pumped medium or fuel can be fed to the high-pressure pump.
  • the high-pressure sealing surfaces provided at the end faces of the port element at the same time therefore ensure a tight connection of the inlet ports, thereby further reducing the cost of assembly and servicing.
  • the plunger cylinder and port element are preferably assembled by means of a union nut that can be screwed to the common rail.
  • the end faces of the port element are correspondingly stepped.
  • an inlet valve provided with a hollow stem is preferably used, which can be fitted inside the inlet port.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US09/714,188 1999-11-19 2000-11-17 High-pressure injection system with common rail Expired - Lifetime US6330876B1 (en)

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US09/977,329 US6745753B2 (en) 1999-11-19 2001-10-16 High-pressure injection system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH212299 1999-11-19
CH2122/99 1999-11-19

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EP (1) EP1101931B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3737355B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE50013384D1 (fr)

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US6508231B2 (en) * 2000-07-28 2003-01-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Common-rail-integrated injector for injection systems
US20040089268A1 (en) * 2000-11-21 2004-05-13 Achim Brenk Fuel injection device
US6745753B2 (en) * 1999-11-19 2004-06-08 Crt Common Rail Technologies Ag High-pressure injection system
US20060185649A1 (en) * 2003-03-28 2006-08-24 Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Internal combustion engine provided with an accumulator injection system
CN102782301A (zh) * 2010-03-05 2012-11-14 卡特彼勒公司 利用包括具有共同构件的泵和轨道组件的共轨燃料系统的发动机
US20130071233A1 (en) * 2010-05-14 2013-03-21 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Device for Driving an Auxiliary Unit
US9068543B2 (en) 2010-01-27 2015-06-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system with integrated high-pressure accumulator

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US7690353B2 (en) * 2007-11-30 2010-04-06 Caterpillar Inc. Synchronizing common rail pumping events with engine operation
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EP2093413B1 (fr) * 2008-02-19 2011-01-12 Continental Automotive GmbH Dispositif de couplage
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ITTO20090715A1 (it) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-22 Torino Politecnico Gruppo pompa perfezionato per un apparato di iniezione di un motore a combustione interna
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DE102011076020A1 (de) 2011-05-18 2012-11-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hochdruckeinspritzsystem
CN104296934B (zh) * 2014-10-30 2017-04-05 泉州市双庆工程机械有限公司 一种液压阀门总装密封试验台的上料夹紧装置
GB201516704D0 (en) * 2015-09-21 2015-11-04 Delphi Int Operations Lux Srl Fuel pump assembly
CN106640456B (zh) * 2016-12-27 2018-05-29 清华大学 用于内燃机燃油喷射系统的泵轨体
KR102162327B1 (ko) 2019-04-23 2020-10-06 박장균 공기주입이 가능한 다기능 에어쿠션
DE102021102709A1 (de) 2021-02-05 2022-08-11 Joachim Risse Hochdruckpumpe
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JP2001173537A (ja) 2001-06-26
EP1101931A3 (fr) 2004-04-28
EP1101931B1 (fr) 2006-08-30
US20020017278A1 (en) 2002-02-14
US6745753B2 (en) 2004-06-08
EP1101931A2 (fr) 2001-05-23
JP3737355B2 (ja) 2006-01-18
DE50013384D1 (de) 2006-10-12

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