WO2007108410A1 - イオン化装置 - Google Patents
イオン化装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007108410A1 WO2007108410A1 PCT/JP2007/055367 JP2007055367W WO2007108410A1 WO 2007108410 A1 WO2007108410 A1 WO 2007108410A1 JP 2007055367 W JP2007055367 W JP 2007055367W WO 2007108410 A1 WO2007108410 A1 WO 2007108410A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- ionization
- electron
- space
- ionizer
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/10—Ion sources; Ion guns
- H01J49/14—Ion sources; Ion guns using particle bombardment, e.g. ionisation chambers
- H01J49/147—Ion sources; Ion guns using particle bombardment, e.g. ionisation chambers with electrons, e.g. electron impact ionisation, electron attachment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
- G01N27/64—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using wave or particle radiation to ionise a gas, e.g. in an ionisation chamber
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J27/00—Ion beam tubes
- H01J27/02—Ion sources; Ion guns
- H01J27/24—Ion sources; Ion guns using photo-ionisation, e.g. using laser beam
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/10—Ion sources; Ion guns
- H01J49/107—Arrangements for using several ion sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/10—Ion sources; Ion guns
- H01J49/16—Ion sources; Ion guns using surface ionisation, e.g. field-, thermionic- or photo-emission
- H01J49/161—Ion sources; Ion guns using surface ionisation, e.g. field-, thermionic- or photo-emission using photoionisation, e.g. by laser
- H01J49/162—Direct photo-ionisation, e.g. single photon or multi-photon ionisation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ionizer.
- the method of ionizing sample molecules such as organic substances, electron impact ionization (EI) that bombards and ionizes sample molecules using accelerated electrons, and irradiates the sample molecules with light.
- EI electron impact ionization
- PI photo ionization
- the mass spectrometer described in Patent Document 1 includes a filament that generates thermoelectrons for EI and a laser light source that generates laser light for PI.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-93152
- sample molecules are introduced as a gas or together with a carrier gas.
- the mass spectrometer described in Patent Document 1 uses laser light for PI, the irradiation range is narrow, so that the ionizable region is also narrow, and it is difficult to improve detection efficiency and sensitivity.
- the laser light source itself increases the size of the device, and the beam expander and scan operation mechanism This will further increase the size of the apparatus.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is capable of both EI and PI, can be configured in a small size, and uniformly emits light to sample molecules over a wide range during PI.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an ionizer that can improve detection efficiency and sensitivity by irradiation.
- an ionization apparatus includes an ionization chamber having an ionization space for ionizing sample molecules, and applies electron bombardment to the sample molecules in the ionization space. And an electron source for ionizing the sample molecules and light emitting means for ionizing the sample molecules by irradiating the sample molecules in the ion space with ultraviolet light having a lower directivity than the laser light. It is characterized by that.
- the ionization apparatus described above is capable of both EI and PI by including an electron source and light emitting means for irradiating ultraviolet light having a lower directivity than laser light. Furthermore, since ultraviolet light having a lower directivity than laser light is irradiated, it is possible to uniformly irradiate ultraviolet light to sample molecules introduced in a wider range. Thereby, detection efficiency and sensitivity can be improved.
- the ionization apparatus is characterized in that the light emitting means is a discharge tube.
- the apparatus can be made smaller than an ultraviolet laser light source.
- the ionization apparatus further includes a first acceleration electrode that is disposed between the electron source and the ionization space and that accelerates electrons from the electron source toward the ionization space. It is good. As a result, the electrons emitted from the electron source can be suitably accelerated, and an electron impact can be effectively applied to the sample molecules.
- the ionization apparatus further includes an electron collection electrode that is disposed outside the ionization space and collects electrons generated by irradiation with ultraviolet light in the ionization chamber. Also good. When ultraviolet light is irradiated into the ion chamber, secondary electrons are emitted from components such as electrodes by the photoelectric effect. And when we enter this secondary electron force ion space
- PI is a suitable method for generating molecular ions (parent ions) of sample molecules that cause ion molecules to be decomposed and fragment ionized because EI energy is too high in EI.
- EI energy is too high in EI.
- some of the sample molecules change into fragment ions.
- the ion collection electrode for collecting electrons (secondary electrons) generated by the irradiation of ultraviolet light in the ionization chamber is provided outside the ionization space. Suppresses the entry of secondary electrons into the reaction space and reduces the generation of fragment ions in PI Can be reduced.
- the ionization device is disposed between the electron collection electrode and the ionization space, and is a second for accelerating the electrons generated by irradiation of ultraviolet light toward the electron collection electrode in the ionization chamber.
- An accelerating electrode may be further provided.
- the ionization apparatus includes a first acceleration electrode that is disposed between the electron source and the ionization space and accelerates electrons from the electron source toward the ionization space. It is preferable that the acceleration electrode also serves as the second acceleration electrode. As a result, the device can be configured with fewer members, and the increase in size of the device can be suppressed.
- the electron source may include an electron emission electrode that emits electrons by irradiation of ultraviolet light from the light emission means.
- an electron source for EI for example, there is a filament or the like, but an electron emission electrode that emits electrons (secondary electrons) upon receiving ultraviolet light as described above can suitably emit EI electrons.
- the ionization apparatus is characterized in that the electron emission electrode has a base portion and a covering portion that covers the base portion, and the secondary electron emission efficiency of the covering portion is higher than the secondary electron emission efficiency of the base portion. May be. In this way, by providing a covering portion having high secondary electron emission efficiency on the electron emission electrode, electrons for EI can be emitted more efficiently.
- the ionization apparatus of the present invention irradiates an ionization chamber having an ionization space for ionizing sample molecules, and ultraviolet light having a lower directivity than laser light to the sample molecules in the ionization space.
- a light emitting means for ionizing the sample molecules, and an electron bombardment that is arranged outside the ionization space and emits electrons by irradiation of ultraviolet light from the light emitting means to the sample molecules in the ionization space.
- a first electrode that performs an electron emission operation and an electron collection operation that collects electrons generated in the ionization chamber by irradiation with ultraviolet light, and is disposed between the first electrode and the ionization space. The electron emission operation and the electron collection operation in the first electrode are switched according to the potential relationship between the first electrode and the second electrode.
- the ionization apparatus described above irradiates sample molecules with ultraviolet light having lower directivity than laser light. And a first electrode that emits electrons when irradiated with ultraviolet light from the light emitting means. This allows both EI and PI. In addition, since the sample molecules introduced in a wider range can be irradiated with ultraviolet light uniformly by the light emitting means for irradiating the ultraviolet light with less directivity than the laser light, the detection efficiency and sensitivity can be improved.
- the first and second electrodes are provided, and the electron emission operation and the electron collection operation described above are switched according to the potential relationship between the first electrode and the second electrode, so that the EI Electron impact can be effectively applied to sample molecules in the ionization space (electron emission operation), and at the same time, intrusion of secondary electrons into the ion space is suppressed during PI. Generation can be reduced (electron collection operation).
- the ionization apparatus capable of efficiently performing both PI and EI can be further downsized.
- the ionization apparatus may be characterized in that the light emitting means is a discharge tube.
- the apparatus can be made compact.
- the ionization apparatus may be characterized in that the electron emission operation and the electron collection operation in the first electrode are alternately performed while controlling the operation time of each operation.
- the molecular ion at the time of PI and the fragment ion at the time of EI can be obtained by the same measurement in consideration of the influence of the time change.
- the ionization apparatus may further include a rectifying member that rectifies the sample molecules toward the ionization space. As a result, the utilization efficiency of the sample molecules increases, so that more ions can be generated.
- both EI and PI are possible and can be configured in a small size, and the detection efficiency and sensitivity can be achieved by irradiating sample molecules uniformly over a wide range during PI. It is possible to provide an ionizer that can improve the efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of an ionizer according to the present invention and a configuration of a mass analyzer including the ionizer.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing in detail the configuration of the ionizer.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an EI operation by a filament among the operations of the ionizer.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a PI operation by a discharge tube among the operations of the ionizer.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the EI operation using only the discharge tube without using thermionic emission by the filament among the operations of the ionizer.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an ionizer according to a first modification.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an ionizer according to a second modification.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of an ionizer according to a third modification and a mass analyzer including the ionizer.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration of an ionizer according to a fourth modification and a mass analyzer including the ionizer.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an ionization apparatus 2 according to an embodiment of the ionization apparatus according to the present invention and a configuration of a mass analyzer la including the ionization apparatus 2.
- the mass analyzer la in this embodiment is a device for analyzing sample molecules A such as organic substances introduced from the outside.
- the quadrupole 4, the deflector 5, and the detector 6 are used.
- the casing 7 is a container capable of maintaining a vacuum atmosphere, and houses the ionizer 2, the quadrupole 4, the deflector 5, and the detector 6.
- the ionization apparatus 2 includes an ionization chamber 2a, electron lens forming electrodes 28a and 28b, and a discharge tube 29.
- the ion chamber 2a has an ion space 2b for ionizing the sample molecule A, and is arranged near the sample inlet in the mass analyzer la.
- the electron lens forming electrodes 28a and 28b are components for introducing ions generated in the ion space 2b into the quadrupole 4.
- the discharge tube 29 as a light emitting means having a lower directivity than the laser light irradiates the sample molecule A introduced into the ion space 2b with ultraviolet light (including vacuum ultraviolet light) and ionizes the sample molecule A. It is a part for (PI).
- the discharge tube 29 is relatively wide.
- a range that can be irradiated with ultraviolet light for example, a deuterium lamp, an excimer lamp, a capillary discharge tube, a microwave discharge tube, etc. is preferably used.
- the fluctuation of the ultraviolet light amount is small.
- the ion chamber 2a further includes an inner electrode (second electrode) 21, an outer electrode (first electrode) 22, and filaments 23a and 23b.
- the filaments 23a and 23b are electron sources for ionizing (EI) the sample molecule A by applying electron impact to the sample molecule A in the ion space 2b.
- the filaments 23a and 23b are supplied with electric power from the outside of the ionization device 2 through the conductive wires 26a and 26b, and emit thermal electrons into the ionization space 2b.
- the filaments 23a and 23b are arranged outside the ion space 2b.
- the outer electrode 22 collects secondary electrons generated by irradiation of ultraviolet light in the ion chamber 2a when the ionization of the sample molecule A by electron impact upon irradiation with ultraviolet light is not desired. It is an electron collection electrode for. When ultraviolet light is irradiated into the ion chamber, secondary electrons are emitted from the constituent members such as the inner electrode 21 and the filaments 23a and 23b. The outer electrode 22 collects the secondary electrons thus generated. The outer electrode 22 is disposed outside the filaments 23a and 23b outside the ion space 2b. The outer electrode 22 is electrically connected to the outside of the ionization device 2 through the conductor 27, and the collected secondary electrons are removed from the ionization device 2.
- the outer electrode 22 is a sample molecule A ion caused by electron impact upon irradiation with ultraviolet light. When it is desired to make it, it becomes an electron emission electrode that emits secondary electrons by irradiation of ultraviolet light from the discharge tube 29. That is, as the electrons for giving an electron impact to the sample molecule A, in addition to the thermoelectrons from the filaments 23a and 23b, the outer electrode 22 and the constituent members such as the filaments 23a and 23b are generated by irradiation with ultraviolet light. Secondary electrons can also be used. When only PI is performed on sample molecule A, it is preferable to exclude secondary electrons from ionic space 2b as described above, but when both PI and EI are performed simultaneously on sample molecule A. On the contrary
- Secondary electrons may be supplied to the ionization space 2b.
- the electron emission electrode (outer electrode 22, filaments 23 a and 23 b) emits secondary electrons, so that more electrons can be supplied to the ionization space 2 b.
- the outer electrode 22 has a base part mainly for ensuring conductivity and a covering part that covers the base part and has a higher secondary electron emission efficiency than the base part. preferable. Thereby, secondary electrons can be emitted more efficiently.
- gold, nickel, magnesium oxide, and the like are suitable as a material for the covering portion having high secondary electron emission efficiency.
- the inner electrode 21 accelerates the secondary electrons generated by irradiation of thermal electrons and ultraviolet light emitted from the filaments 23a and 23b toward the ion space 2b when ionization of the sample molecule A by electron impact is desired.
- This electrode also serves as a second acceleration electrode for accelerating the secondary electrons toward the outer electrode 22.
- the inner electrode 21 is disposed between the filaments 23a and 23b and the outer electrode 22 and the ion space 2b. The inner electrode 21 is directed to the ion space 2b.
- the inner electrode 21 is supplied with voltage from the outside of the ionizer 2.
- the inner electrode 21 is used to accelerate the thermionic electrons from the filaments 23a and 23b and the secondary electrons from the filaments 23a and 23b and the outer electrode 22 to the ion space 2b. Is kept at a higher potential.
- the inner electrode 21 has a lower potential than the outer electrode 22 when accelerating the secondary electrons generated in the ion chamber 2a to the outer electrode 22. To be kept.
- the quadrupole 4 is a part for selectively extracting only ions having a specific mass Z charge ratio from the ions emitted from the ion source device 2.
- the quadrupole 4 is formed by arranging a pair of rod-shaped electrodes 41a and 41b juxtaposed and a pair of rod-shaped electrodes 42a and 42b so that the juxtaposition directions of the forces intersect each other.
- a voltage satisfying a certain condition a voltage obtained by concatenating a DC voltage and an AC voltage
- the mass Z charge ratio corresponding to the voltage condition is applied. Only ions having can pass between each of the rod-like electrodes 41a, 41b, 42a, and 42b.
- the deflector 5 is a component for changing the traveling direction of the ions that have passed through the quadrupole 4 to the detector 6, and is arranged at the subsequent stage of the quadrupole 4.
- the detector 6 is a component for detecting ions that have passed through the quadrupole 4 and generates a current corresponding to the number of ions.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing in detail the configuration of the ionizer 2 of the present embodiment.
- the illustration of the ionization chamber 2a and the discharge tube 29 is omitted!
- the outer electrode 22 of the present embodiment is configured by a conductive wire assembled in a mesh pattern.
- the outer electrode 22 is disposed so as to surround the inner electrode 21 and is formed in a cylindrical shape (a bowl shape) along a certain central axis.
- One end of the outer electrode 22 is closed with a conductive wire assembled in a net-like shape, and a cylindrical ring-shaped outer conductor 27 is fixed to the other end, and a conductor (not shown) connected to the outer conductor 27 Thus, a predetermined voltage is applied.
- the inner electrode 21 is formed by winding a conductive wire in a spiral shape, and is formed in a cylindrical shape along the same central axis as the outer electrode 22.
- the inner side of the cylindrical inner electrode 21 becomes the ion space 2b (FIG. 1).
- One end of the inner electrode 21 is fixed to a cylindrical ring-shaped inner conductor 29, and a predetermined voltage is applied by a conducting wire (not shown) connected to the inner conductor 29.
- An opening 29a is formed in the portion of the inner conductor 29 corresponding to the inner electrode 21.
- Ions generated in the ionization space 2b are taken out to the electron lens forming electrodes 28a and 28b through the openings 29a.
- the filaments 23a and 23b are disposed between the inner electrode 21 and the outer electrode 22,
- the inner electrode 21 and the outer electrode 22 extend along the central axis.
- One ends of the filaments 23a and 23b are electrically connected to the outside of the ionic device 2 (for example, the power supply terminal of the power supply device) via the conductive wires 26a and 26b arranged outside the outer electrode 22.
- the other ends of the filaments 23a and 23b are electrically connected to one end of a conductive wire 24 disposed between the inner electrode 21 and the outer electrode 22.
- the other end of the conducting wire 24 is electrically connected to the outside of the ionization device 2 (for example, the ground terminal of the power supply device) via a conducting wire 26c disposed outside the outer electrode 22.
- Conductive wires 26a to 26c and outer J electrode 22 are mutually insulated by insulating materials 25a to 25c.
- the electron lens forming electrodes 28a and 28b are disposed on the back side of the disk-shaped conductor 27 (the side opposite to the side on which the outer electrode 22 is provided).
- the electron lens forming electrodes 28a and 28b are arranged side by side in the direction of the central axis of the inner electrode 21 and the outer electrode 22, and are formed in a disc shape centered on the central axis. Further, the electron lens forming electrodes 28a and 28b each have a communicating opening for allowing the ionized sample molecule A to pass therethrough.
- the electron lens forming electrodes 28a and 28b form an electric field that draws ions from the ionization space 2b toward the quadrupole 4 by applying a predetermined voltage.
- sample molecule A is first taken into ionizer 2. Thereafter, the sample molecule A passes through the outer electrode 22 and the inner electrode 21 and is introduced into the ionization space 2b. At this time, the substance to be the sample molecule A may be taken in alone or with a carrier gas such as nitrogen gas.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the EI operation by the filaments 23a and 23b among the operations of the ionizer 2.
- the filaments 23a and 23b are supplied with power through the conductors 26a and 26b, and emit the thermions e.
- the inner electrode 21 is supplied with power through the conductors 26a and 26b, and emit the thermions e.
- thermoelectrons e are accelerated by the electric field formed between the inner electrode 21 and the filaments 23a and 23b (between the inner electrode 21 and the outer electrode 22). Then, it passes through the inner electrode 21 and reaches the ionization space 2b.
- Thermionic e-force reaches the sample space 2b and reaches the sample molecule A.
- Fragment ion I is an electron
- thermoelectrons e to jump out of the outer electrode 22
- the generated molecular ion I is usually thermionic e
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the PI operation by the discharge tube 29 among the operations of the ionizer 2.
- the discharge tube 29 receives the external force of the ionizer 2 and is also supplied with power, thereby irradiating the ionizer space 2b with ultraviolet light.
- the sample molecule A force S ion is generated and molecular ion (parent ion) I is generated.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an EI operation using only the discharge tube 29 without using thermionic emission by the filaments 23a and 23b among the operations of the ionizer 2.
- the discharge tube 29 irradiates the ionic space 2b with ultraviolet light.
- secondary electrons e are emitted from the outer electrode 22 and the filaments 23a and 23b by the photoelectric effect.
- the relationship between the potential VI of the inner electrode 21 and the potential V2 of the outer electrode 22 is set to Vl> V2.
- the relationship VI> V3 ⁇ V2 must be satisfied.
- the potential difference between the potential VI and the potential V2 (V3) is, for example, 30V to 70V.
- Ion I is guided to quadrupole 4 (Fig. 1) by electron lens forming electrodes 28a and 28b.
- the filaments 23a and 23b only function as a secondary electron emission source by ultraviolet light irradiation, a sufficient amount of secondary electrons can be obtained by the outer electrode 22 and the like. If desired, the filaments 23a and 23b may be omitted. On the other hand, secondary electrons e are emitted from the outer electrode 22 and the filaments 23a and 23b, and the filaments 23a and 23b Thermal electrons may be emitted. In addition, PI of sample molecule A by ultraviolet light irradiation is performed at the same time, and the generated molecular ion I is usually further fragmented by secondary electrons e.
- PI simultaneous operation and its generation ratio can be adjusted. Thereby, for example, it is possible to simultaneously obtain data on qualitative analysis such as molecular weight and functional group.
- the PI operation (or EI operation) is used to measure the time change over time, and then the same sample prepared separately is also used in the previous operation time.
- the sample environment between the two measurements may be different, and in this case, information on the time-dependent changes in molecular ions and fragment ions are treated as changes under the same conditions. It becomes difficult.
- measurements of each action are repeated alternately at short time intervals within a time-varying time, the sample change within that time is extremely small. Ions and fragment ions can be considered as information on the same sample under the same environmental conditions.
- the ionizer 2 further includes a control unit (not shown) for controlling the power supply voltage to the discharge tube 29 and the filaments 23a and 23b and the applied voltage to the outer electrode 22 (or the inner electrode 21), While controlling the PI operation time and the EI operation time by this control unit, these operations should be performed alternately.
- a control unit (not shown) for controlling the power supply voltage to the discharge tube 29 and the filaments 23a and 23b and the applied voltage to the outer electrode 22 (or the inner electrode 21), While controlling the PI operation time and the EI operation time by this control unit, these operations should be performed alternately.
- the effects of the ionizer 2 according to the present embodiment described above will be described.
- the ionic device 2 of this embodiment uses filaments 23a and 23b that emit thermoelectrons e and secondary electrons e.
- an electron source such as an electron emission electrode that emits light (in this embodiment, the outer electrode 22 and the filaments 23a and 23b also serve) and a discharge tube 29 that is a light emission means having a lower directivity than the laser light
- an EI Both PI and PI are possible.
- the discharge tube 29 has a lower directivity than the laser light, the sample molecules A introduced in a wider range than the laser light source can be uniformly irradiated with ultraviolet light. Thereby, detection efficiency and sensitivity can be improved.
- the discharge tube 29 as a light emitting means, compared with the ultraviolet laser light source.
- the device can be made compact.
- the ionization apparatus 2 includes the inner electrode 21 disposed between the electron source and the ionization space 2b, and the electron source force is also emitted during the EI operation.
- Electron impact can be effectively applied to molecule A.
- the ionization apparatus 2 preferably includes an outer electrode 22 as an electron collection electrode disposed outside the ionization space 2b.
- an outer electrode 22 as an electron collection electrode disposed outside the ionization space 2b.
- PI is suitable for generating only the molecular ion I of the sample molecule A, where the ionization energy is too high in EI and the sample molecule A is decomposed and fragmented.
- fragment ions I are not generated as much as possible in PI.
- the sample molecule changes to A force fragment ion I.
- Secondary electrons e can be suppressed and the generation of fragment ions I in PI operation can be reduced.
- the ionizer 2 includes the inner electrode 21 disposed between the outer electrode 22 and the ionic space 2b, and is generated by irradiation with ultraviolet light during the PI operation. It is preferable to accelerate the secondary electrons e toward the outer electrode 22. As a result, ionic space
- the electron source includes the outer electrode 22 as an electron emission electrode that emits secondary electrons e by irradiation of ultraviolet light from the discharge tube 29. preferable.
- the outer electrode 22 as an electron emission electrode that emits secondary electrons e by irradiation of ultraviolet light from the discharge tube 29.
- electron impact can be effectively applied in the EI operation by the discharge tube 29.
- the ionization apparatus 2 includes an outer electrode (first electrode) 22 and an inner electrode (second electrode) 21, and an electron emission operation and an electron collection in the outer electrode 22.
- Operating force It is preferable to switch according to the relationship between the potential V2 of the outer electrode 22 and the potential VI of the inner electrode 21.
- both the electron emission operation and the electron collection operation can be performed by the outer electrode 22, so that the ionization apparatus 2 capable of efficiently performing both PI and EI can be further downsized.
- the discharge tube 29 is arranged inside the outer electrode 22, the electric field formed by the outer electrode 22 and the inner electrode 21 may be affected, and also during EI operation by ultraviolet light irradiation.
- the discharge tube 29 since the area where the outer electrode 22 can be used as a secondary electron emission source is reduced, the amount of secondary electron emission is reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to dispose the discharge tube 29 outside the outer electrode 22 as in this embodiment. Further, in order to expand the irradiation region of the ultraviolet light, it is preferable that the discharge tube 29 is arranged at some distance from the ion space 2b. In consideration of the heat dissipation of the discharge tube 29, it is preferable that a part of the discharge tube 29 is exposed from the housing 7 to the outside.
- resin parts may be used for the power feeding part such as the socket of the discharge tube 29.
- the power feeding part such as the socket of the discharge tube 29.
- the ionizer 2 includes the one discharge tube 29, but may include a plurality of discharge tubes 29.
- the irradiation intensity may be increased by providing a plurality of discharge tubes 29 having the same characteristics, and different ionization energies are given to the sample molecule A by making the irradiation wavelength regions of the respective discharge tubes 29 different from each other. Also good.
- the sample to be analyzed contains multiple types of sample molecules A (sample molecule group)
- the ionization potential of each sample molecule A to be analyzed will be different if the irradiation wavelength range of each discharge tube 29 is different from each other. By switching the irradiation wavelength range accordingly, the specific sample molecule A can be ionized appropriately.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an ionizer 8a according to a first modification of the embodiment.
- This embodiment is an example of an ionization apparatus that can perform EI operation, PI operation, and simultaneous operation of ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ by using only a discharge tube as light emitting means without using a filament or the like as an electron source.
- an ionizer 8a according to this modification includes an inner electrode 81, an outer electrode 82, a heater 83 for ionization chamber heating, electron lens forming electrodes 88a to 88c, a discharge tube 89, and these An ionization chamber (not shown) for housing the components.
- the outer electrode 82 is an electron collection electrode and an electron emission electrode in the present embodiment, and acts in the same manner as the outer electrode 22 in the first embodiment.
- the outer electrode 82 is composed of a mesh-like conductor, and is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped box shape in which the mesh-like conductor is disposed on the other surfaces except the surfaces facing the electron lens forming electrodes 88a to 88c. ing.
- the inside of the outer electrode 82 is a cavity, and the inner electrode 81 is disposed inside the outer electrode 82.
- the outer electrode 82 includes a pair of mesh-like side members 82a and 82b facing each other, a pair of mesh-like side members 82d and 82e facing each other, and a mesh-like top member 82c.
- the inner electrode 81 is the first and second acceleration electrodes in the present embodiment, and acts in the same manner as the inner electrode 21 in the first embodiment.
- the inner electrode 81 is formed by forming a mesh-like conductor into a rectangular parallelepiped box disposed on the other surface excluding the surface facing the electron lens forming electrodes 88a to 88c, and the inner side of the inner electrode 81 is defined as an ionization space. Become.
- the sample molecules A are introduced and discharged from the side members 82a to 82e.
- the discharge tube 89 is installed on at least one side of the side members 82a and 82b (side members 82d and 82e).
- the inner electrode is provided from the discharge tube 89 via the side member 82a.
- 81 is irradiated with ultraviolet light.
- the heater 83 for heating the ion chamber is installed above the upper material 82c and heats each electrode in the ionization chamber as a heater.
- the electron lens forming electrodes 88a to 88c are arranged along the surface of the outer electrode 82 facing the upper surface member 82c.
- the electron lens forming electrodes 88a to 88c are formed in a disc shape, and are arranged side by side in a direction intersecting with the upper surface material 82c.
- Each of the electron lens forming electrodes 88a to 88c has a communication opening (for example, an opening 88d of the electron lens forming electrode 88a) through which the ionized sample molecule A passes.
- Electron lens forming electrode 88 A to 88c form an electric field that draws ions from the ionization space toward the quadrupole 4 (see FIG. 1) when a predetermined voltage is applied.
- the entire surface of the outer electrode 82 is formed in a net shape, but the surface for introducing the sample molecule and the ultraviolet light may be limited, and the other surface may be configured by a plate member.
- the amount of secondary electrons emitted from the outer electrode 82 due to ultraviolet light irradiation is increased, and the EI operation and the simultaneous operation of ⁇ and ⁇ are tested. Electron bombardment can be more effectively applied to the polymer molecules. In this case, a part of the plate-like surface may be opened and used for discharging the sample.
- one surface constituting the outer electrode 82 may be formed of a plate-like member having only a region necessary for introducing the sample molecule A and ultraviolet light as a net-like member. As a result, the introduction of sample molecule A and ultraviolet light and the increase in secondary electron emission can be realized in a balanced manner.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an ionizer 8b according to a second modification of the embodiment.
- an ionizer 8b according to this modification includes an inner electrode 81, an outer electrode 84, a collector electrode 85, a filament 86, electron lens forming electrodes 88a to 88c, and a discharge tube 89. And an ionization chamber (not shown) for housing these components.
- the configurations and functions of the inner electrode 81 and the electron lens forming electrodes 88a to 88 are the same as those in the first modification.
- the outer electrode 84 of the present modification is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped box shape without the side surfaces of the electron lens forming electrodes 88a to 88c.
- the inside of the outer electrode 84 is hollow, and the inner electrode 81 is disposed inside the outer electrode 84.
- the outer electrode 84 has sample introduction ports 84a and 84b formed on a pair of side surfaces facing each other.
- the outer electrode 84 has electron passage ports 84c and 84d formed on a pair of side surfaces different from the pair of side surfaces on which the sample introduction ports 84a and 84b are formed. Sample inlets 84a and 84b, electron passages 84c and 84d is reticulated! /!
- Sample molecules A are introduced and discharged from the sample inlets 84a to 84d.
- the discharge tube 89 is installed on the side of the sample introduction port 84a, and the ionization space in the inner electrode 81 is irradiated with ultraviolet light from the discharge tube 89 through the sample introduction port 84a.
- the filament 86 is arranged on the side of the electron passage opening 84c.
- the collector electrode 85 is disposed on the side of the electron passage port 84d.
- the thermoelectrons e pass through the electron passage 84c to the ionization space in the inner electrode 81.
- thermoelectrons e that have passed through the ionization space without applying electron bombardment to the sample molecule A are then collected by the collector electrode 85 through the electron passage port 84d.
- the same effect as the ionized ion device 2 of the above-described embodiment can be suitably obtained.
- the area of the outer electrode 84 can be increased compared to the first modification, so that secondary electron emission from the outer electrode 84 by irradiation with vacuum ultraviolet light VUV is possible. The amount can be further increased.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of an ionizer 2c and a mass analyzer lb including the ionizer 2c according to a third modification of the embodiment.
- the difference between the above embodiment and this modification is the shape of the housing of the mass analyzer lb. That is, the housing 9 of this modification has an ionization chamber 9a, a sample analysis chamber 9c, and a regulation chamber 9b provided between the ionization chamber 9a and the sample analysis chamber 9c.
- the ion chamber 9a constitutes a part of the ion chamber 2c. That is, the inner electrode 21, the outer electrode 22, the filaments 23a and 23b, and the electron lens forming electrodes 28a and 28b of the ionizer 2c are disposed in the ion chamber 9a. Then, the sample molecule A is introduced into the ionization chamber 9a through the sample introduction port 9d provided in the ion chamber 9a. By restricting the sample introduction part by the sample inlet 9d and introducing it in the vicinity of the ionic space 2b, the introduced sample A is more concentratedly introduced into the ionic space 2b, and the more efficient ion You can make a trap.
- a skimmer 10 is installed in the adjustment chamber 9b. The skimmer 10 is disposed corresponding to the openings of the electron lens forming electrodes 28a and 28b of the ionizer 2c, and maintains the differential pressure between the ionization chamber 9a and the sample analysis chamber 9c.
- a quadrupole 4 In the sample analysis chamber 9c, a quadrupole 4, a deflector 5, a detector 6, and an electron lens forming electrode 11 are arranged.
- the electron lens forming electrode 11 is disposed between the skimmer 10 and the quadrupole 4 in the adjustment chamber 9b, and focuses ions that have passed through the skimmer 10 to the quadrupole 4.
- the sample molecule ⁇ is bombarded with thermionic or secondary electrons, so the inside of the ionization chamber 9a needs to be kept in a vacuum.
- the sample molecule A is ionized by the ultraviolet light from the discharge tube 29, so that it can operate even under atmospheric pressure.
- the exhaust in the adjustment chamber 9b may be used, or another opening for sample exhaust may be provided in the ion chamber 9a.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration of an ionization apparatus 2d according to a fourth modification of the embodiment and a mass analyzer lc including the ionization apparatus 2d.
- the difference between the above embodiment and this modification is the presence or absence of a rectifying member. That is, the ionizer 2d of this modification includes a rectifying member 12 for efficiently introducing the sample molecule A.
- the rectifying member 12 of the present modification is formed in a truncated cone shape and a cylindrical shape, and one end and the other end thereof are a sample introduction port 12a and a sample discharge port 12b, respectively.
- the sample discharge port 12b is narrower than the sample introduction port 12a, and is arranged toward the ionic space 2b.
- the sample molecule A introduced from the sample inlet 12a is rectified by the rectifying member 12 and efficiently guided to the ionization space 2b.
- the ionizer 2d preferably includes the rectifying member 12 as in this modification. This increases the utilization efficiency of sample molecule A, so Can generate on.
- the ionizer according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications, and can be variously modified.
- the outer electrode serves as the electron emission electrode and the electron collection electrode that emit electrons by irradiation of ultraviolet light from the discharge tube.
- the electron emission electrode and the electron collection electrode May be provided separately.
- a plurality of acceleration electrodes may be provided, and they may also serve as an electron collection electrode or an electron emission electrode.
- a cold cathode may be used as the electron source.
- the light emitting means is not limited to a discharge tube, but can emit ultraviolet light having a lower directivity than laser light, for example, an electron beam with electron beam tube force collides with a target or gas body to emit ultraviolet light. An ultraviolet light source that emits light may be used.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020087016444A KR101237670B1 (ko) | 2006-03-17 | 2007-03-16 | 이온화 장치 |
| CN2007800094562A CN101405828B (zh) | 2006-03-17 | 2007-03-16 | 离子化装置 |
| US12/281,069 US8592779B2 (en) | 2006-03-17 | 2007-03-16 | Ionizing device |
| EP07738812.2A EP2006882B1 (en) | 2006-03-17 | 2007-03-16 | Ionizing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006-075012 | 2006-03-17 | ||
| JP2006075012A JP4825028B2 (ja) | 2006-03-17 | 2006-03-17 | イオン化装置 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007108410A1 true WO2007108410A1 (ja) | 2007-09-27 |
Family
ID=38522440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2007/055367 Ceased WO2007108410A1 (ja) | 2006-03-17 | 2007-03-16 | イオン化装置 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8592779B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2006882B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4825028B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101237670B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101405828B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007108410A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015501068A (ja) * | 2011-11-30 | 2015-01-08 | アジレント・テクノロジーズ・インクAgilent Technologies, Inc. | イオン化装置 |
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| EP2428796B1 (de) * | 2010-09-09 | 2015-03-18 | Airsense Analytics GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ionisierung und Identifizierung von Gasen mittels UV-Strahlung und Elektronen |
| CN102299038B (zh) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-07-24 | 厦门大学 | 一种复合离子源 |
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| CN102903597A (zh) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-01-30 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | 一种热解吸与电子轰击相结合的离子源 |
| US9691594B2 (en) | 2013-08-14 | 2017-06-27 | Rigaku Corporation | Method for analysis of sample and apparatus therefor |
| CN105632877A (zh) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种基于单光子电离和电子轰击电离的双离子源四极杆质谱仪 |
| CN104658850B (zh) * | 2015-02-16 | 2016-05-11 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | 一种新型电子轰击离子源的试验装置及其设计方法 |
| EP3688789A4 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Perkinelmer Health Sciences Canada, Inc | OFF-AXIS IONIZATION DEVICES AND SYSTEMS |
| JP2020173192A (ja) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-22 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 質量分析装置、サンプリングプローブおよび分析方法 |
| CN111834195A (zh) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-27 | 广州禾信仪器股份有限公司 | 复合离子源及其使用方法和质谱仪 |
| CN113808908B (zh) * | 2021-08-27 | 2022-06-14 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 光电子抑制电离源装置 |
| KR102731520B1 (ko) * | 2021-12-09 | 2024-11-21 | 주식회사 다인템 | 일체형 이온광학계를 포함하는 비행시간 질량분석기 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2006882A9 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
| CN101405828A (zh) | 2009-04-08 |
| US20090008571A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
| KR20080103959A (ko) | 2008-11-28 |
| EP2006882A2 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
| EP2006882A4 (en) | 2011-08-03 |
| CN101405828B (zh) | 2010-08-25 |
| US8592779B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 |
| JP4825028B2 (ja) | 2011-11-30 |
| JP2007250450A (ja) | 2007-09-27 |
| EP2006882B1 (en) | 2015-02-18 |
| KR101237670B1 (ko) | 2013-02-26 |
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