WO2018094541A1 - Procédé et système de récolte de poissons vivants à faible stress, garantissant la sécurité biologique et sans souffrance à l'encontre des animaux, améliorant la texture et la qualité de la chair - Google Patents

Procédé et système de récolte de poissons vivants à faible stress, garantissant la sécurité biologique et sans souffrance à l'encontre des animaux, améliorant la texture et la qualité de la chair Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018094541A1
WO2018094541A1 PCT/CL2016/000073 CL2016000073W WO2018094541A1 WO 2018094541 A1 WO2018094541 A1 WO 2018094541A1 CL 2016000073 W CL2016000073 W CL 2016000073W WO 2018094541 A1 WO2018094541 A1 WO 2018094541A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fish
stress
harvesting
harvested
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CL2016/000073
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Carolina Andrea SEEBACH ITURRA
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/CL2016/000073 priority Critical patent/WO2018094541A1/fr
Publication of WO2018094541A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018094541A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/02—Receptacles specially adapted for transporting live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K79/00—Methods or means of catching fish in bulk not provided for in groups A01K69/00 - A01K77/00, e.g. fish pumps; Detection of fish; Whale fishery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
    • A22B—SLAUGHTERING
    • A22B3/00—Slaughtering or stunning
    • A22B3/08—Slaughtering or stunning for poultry or fish, e.g. slaughtering pliers, slaughtering shears
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
    • A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
    • A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
    • A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
    • A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
    • A22C25/08—Holding, guiding, or conveying fish before, during or after its preparation ; Devices for sizing fish; Automatically adapting conveyors or processing machines to the measured size

Definitions

  • the invention to be patented refers to a system for harvesting and killing fish in floating cage cultures, humanely avoiding the suffering and stress of the fish that are to be harvested, killed and transported, which allows to improve the quality of the final product.
  • Harvesting and transfer of fish raised in cage systems is recognized as the main critical point within the processing stages of the fish.
  • ethical aspects related to food production such as environmental protection and animal welfare (weifare) have been identified as very important aspects for the consumer.
  • the problems of texture and quality recorded in the process plants are closely related to the operations carried out between the harvest and reception in the process plant, which have been considered for all species of farmed fish, as critical in the chain of production.
  • the harvest is done once the fish have reached the commercial size, which is determined by the requirements of the market and the biology of the fish.
  • the traditional stages of harvest and slaughter are: Fasting. Extraction, Sedation. Bleeding Freight and transport These stages may be all or only some, it depends on commercial, biological, advertising and animal welfare factors.
  • W020I2I297I5. the one that refers Cooling process of live salmon from sea cages. with a cooling mixture formed by ice and salt common ⁇ ⁇ fresh water, which is placed in a mounted cooling pond ⁇ ⁇ a truck for the transport of fish IGS, consisting of the stages of: a) entering the fish into the cooling pond without the seawater from its cultivation ; b) homogenization of the temperature of the salmon, and obtaining their state of unconsciousness; c) transport of cold and unconscious fish to the slaughter plant to obtain a high quality final product.
  • the cooling process of live salmon respects the bioethical norms for death without or with the minimum of fish suffering when reaching early unconsciousness, allowing high quality products.
  • ES 2 235 541 refers to a procedure for sacrificing fish or preparing fish to be slaughtered, transported vaccinated ⁇ that includes the stages of induction of electroarcosis or death by exposure of the fish to an alternating frequency electric field greater than 20 Hz for a predetermined time, where if the frequency is less than 200 Hz, the duration is less than 2 seconds
  • Figure I shows a structural scheme of the fish harvesting system, for floating fish breeding cages.
  • Figure 2 shows a top plan view of a discharge inn of the fish harvesting system for floating fish cages.
  • Figure 3 shows a side view of the unloading bed base, of the fish harvesting system for floating fish breeding cages.
  • the invention system for harvesting and killing fish from crops in floating cages, in order to avoid suffering and stress in the fish that are to be harvested and transferred to the processing plants.
  • the fish do not remain out of the water for more than two or three seconds, time equivalent to a jump in the water, so that the fish do not suffer the feeling of suffocation that triggers stress.
  • This avoids depletion of the aerobic sources of muscle and the reduction in pH as a result of the increase in lactic acid, which accelerate the post-harvest autolytic decomposition process.
  • the muscle of the fish enters the decomposition process loses texture and starts the gaping process which reduces performance, appearance and therefore the final price for the consumer.
  • the fish are extracted by pumping water from the rafts for fattening cages (I), which are sucked by a truncated conical bottom (2) followed by a flexible tube (3) with a curved end, arranged horizontally , which is connected to a central vertical (4), followed by an upper pipe (5), which is connected to a discharge and selection table (G), which consists of a prismatic pond with a trapecial longitudinal configuration, with side walls (7), whose Special configuration is wide and deep enough so that the fish of the species that is harvested, do not hit or remain dry, to avoid suffering and stress.
  • G discharge and selection table
  • the discharge counter (G) is connected to an inclined lower metal funnel (8), which is connected to a discharge channel (3) provided with a drain (ID) and finally this channel ends in a tank or container (II ), of the transport of fish.
  • the discharge counter (G) is supported by a lower support or base (12).
  • the means that make up the fish harvesting system, allow water pumping and extraction of said fish from the rafts for fattening cages (I), can be performed loosely with plenty of water and enough to minimize the stress of the fish that they will be transported, without agglomeration being generated, which determines the conformation or configuration of the discharge counter (6).
  • the level of suffering and stress of the fish should be minimized.
  • the pH of the muscles and cortisol levels in the blood are measured.
  • the fish are pumped and sucked with a lot of water to the discharge table (G) that must be deep enough for the fish to always be submerged in water, which minimizes the level of stress.
  • the discharge table (6) allows to prevent fish from hitting and suffering.
  • the discharge table (6) includes a fish counter (13) To make the count, it allows to monitor quality, homogeneity and defects and to eliminate the specimens outside the stantart either by eliminating them to a waste tank or returning them to the fattening cage (I) outside the set.
  • the entire fish harvesting system has a very low slope so that the fish does not hit or stretch, and progress smoothly and without further animal suffering to the death and transfer ponds (II).
  • Transport ponds are a closed system containing liquid ice (flow ice); or ice in fine flakes, salt and water; in order to obtain a means of slaughter and low temperature transport (- 2.5 Q C for salmonids and lower or higher temperatures for other species according to their own characteristics).
  • This means of killing and Low temperature transport causes unconsciousness due to hypothermia caused by thermal shock.
  • the fish are transported in liquid ice, flow ice, sea and / or land route in ponds or trucks - ponds specially designed for these purposes, which are hermetically sealed to prevent liquid spillage.
  • This system allows the four parameters that measure the quality of the final product: coloration; blood points; texture and gaping, do not suffer alterations, because the last three that are directly related to the harvest, indicate that it has respected the animal Welfare.
  • the quality criteria will also depend on the species, the type of process and the type of market where the product is directed (fresh, frozen, smoked, etc.). Fish that have been harvested correctly show a better texture of the meat, absence of gaping and blood points. (Research report by PhD Sandra Brava, Universidad Austral de Chile to the applicant).
  • the principle is based on the fact that every living being when subjected to hypothermia, the blood migrates and SE conceives the organs.
  • the fish are poikilotherms, their body temperature adapts to that of the environment where SE BncuEntran, so there would be no vasoconstriction phenomenon observed in warm-blooded animals, since there is no loss of heat.
  • Vasoconstriction ⁇ This case corresponds to a rapid body response produced by the Sympathetic SNA, in situations of sudden change in temperature or emotional tension, which causes an increase in blood pressure.
  • the initial temperature of the transfer pond must be adapted so that these parameters of unconsciousness in 5 to 7 minutes and that the heart stops beating in 30 and 45 minutes, are fulfilled according to the species that is being harvested With this system, the bleeding operation that involves additional handling is avoided, with the consequent loss of quality of the final product due to the handling and the consequences on the quality of the final product, according to the generation of stress applied.
  • the fish fillet without the presence of blood points in the final product improves the quality of the fillet and fresh products or intended for different industrial processes.
  • the ponds must be pre-filled with liquid ice.
  • liquid ice For example, in salmon for a fish load of BDD Kg / m 3 . a temperature of less than -2.5 ° C has been achieved with loads of 300 kg of ice / m 3 , which results in unconsciousness and death in limited times. This process has achieved filling yields that fluctuate between 40 and GO fish / minute, counted manually. With bio-scanner system the filling performance could increase.
  • the pumping of the heart is evaluated. For this, the fish open at ID along the ventral cavity At the time of loss of consciousness, the heart must actively pump, then the heart should pump slowly and subsequently, the heart should no longer pump blood and the viscera and gills should be fully irrigated, without registering blood in the muscles. To establish the appropriate slaughter and transport temperature for a particular fish species, these times must be measured for the different temperatures so that the pumping of the heart lasts long enough for blood, viscera and gills to be fully irrigated, without register blood in the musculature.
  • the harvest operation does not involve management by sedation (knocking out) or cutting gills for bleeding, stages where high levels of stress are generated, aspects that are well studied and documented in the specialized literature, the quality of the meat is superior, there is no loss of biomass due to the death and damage of fish due to excessive handling and error in sedation.
  • the system allows the use of transport units of various volumes, so that a better coordination of the operation between harvest and process is achieved, minimizing the waiting times in the plant.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système pour la récolte et l'abattage de poissons dans des cultures de cages flottantes, sans cruauté, de manière à éviter la souffrance et le stress ressenti par les poissons que l'on souhaite récolter, tuer et transporter, ce qui permet d'améliorer la qualité du produit final. La récolte et le transport de poissons d'élevage dans des systèmes de cages sont reconnus comme étant le principal point critique dans les étapes de traitement des poissons. En outre, les aspects éthiques associés à la production d'aliments comme la protection de l'environnement et le bien-être animal (welfare) ont été identifiés comme étant des aspects très importants pour le consommateur.
PCT/CL2016/000073 2016-11-23 2016-11-23 Procédé et système de récolte de poissons vivants à faible stress, garantissant la sécurité biologique et sans souffrance à l'encontre des animaux, améliorant la texture et la qualité de la chair Ceased WO2018094541A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CL2016/000073 WO2018094541A1 (fr) 2016-11-23 2016-11-23 Procédé et système de récolte de poissons vivants à faible stress, garantissant la sécurité biologique et sans souffrance à l'encontre des animaux, améliorant la texture et la qualité de la chair

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CL2016/000073 WO2018094541A1 (fr) 2016-11-23 2016-11-23 Procédé et système de récolte de poissons vivants à faible stress, garantissant la sécurité biologique et sans souffrance à l'encontre des animaux, améliorant la texture et la qualité de la chair

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WO2018094541A1 true WO2018094541A1 (fr) 2018-05-31

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PCT/CL2016/000073 Ceased WO2018094541A1 (fr) 2016-11-23 2016-11-23 Procédé et système de récolte de poissons vivants à faible stress, garantissant la sécurité biologique et sans souffrance à l'encontre des animaux, améliorant la texture et la qualité de la chair

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210219528A1 (en) * 2020-01-19 2021-07-22 Hunan University Of Science And Technology Suction sampler system for in situ collection of deep-sea floor organisms and method of using same
US20230354787A1 (en) * 2022-07-25 2023-11-09 Agro-product Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Institute, HAAS Heat stress resisting technology for transport of live fish
NO348181B1 (en) * 2023-07-21 2024-09-23 Sea Soul As Apparatus and method for moving live fish

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3871332A (en) * 1972-10-28 1975-03-18 Kyoei Zoki Kk Apparatus for sucking up and transferring fishes
ES8707652A1 (es) * 1986-04-23 1987-08-16 Hayashi Takeshi Un metodo y su correspondiente aparato para matar y enfriar pescado de forma instantanea.
WO1999046997A1 (fr) * 1998-03-17 1999-09-23 Sarah Kathleen Elder Walker Procede et appareil pour la destruction des animaux aquatiques
WO2002078436A1 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2002-10-10 Melbu Verft As Dispositif et procede servant a pomper des poissons vivants
ES2176472T3 (es) * 1995-07-03 2002-12-01 Steinsland Irene Como Heredera Proceso para la manipulacion del pescado, desde su entrega hasta su destripamiento.
WO2012129715A1 (fr) * 2011-04-01 2012-10-04 Nenadovich Del Rio Miguel Procédé de refroidissement de saumons de culture permettant leur étourdissement rapide pendant la récolte
WO2016170550A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Skaginn Hf. Procédé et dispositif pour retarder la rigidité cadavérique chez les poissons

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3871332A (en) * 1972-10-28 1975-03-18 Kyoei Zoki Kk Apparatus for sucking up and transferring fishes
ES8707652A1 (es) * 1986-04-23 1987-08-16 Hayashi Takeshi Un metodo y su correspondiente aparato para matar y enfriar pescado de forma instantanea.
ES2176472T3 (es) * 1995-07-03 2002-12-01 Steinsland Irene Como Heredera Proceso para la manipulacion del pescado, desde su entrega hasta su destripamiento.
WO1999046997A1 (fr) * 1998-03-17 1999-09-23 Sarah Kathleen Elder Walker Procede et appareil pour la destruction des animaux aquatiques
WO2002078436A1 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2002-10-10 Melbu Verft As Dispositif et procede servant a pomper des poissons vivants
WO2012129715A1 (fr) * 2011-04-01 2012-10-04 Nenadovich Del Rio Miguel Procédé de refroidissement de saumons de culture permettant leur étourdissement rapide pendant la récolte
WO2016170550A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Skaginn Hf. Procédé et dispositif pour retarder la rigidité cadavérique chez les poissons

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210219528A1 (en) * 2020-01-19 2021-07-22 Hunan University Of Science And Technology Suction sampler system for in situ collection of deep-sea floor organisms and method of using same
US11812732B2 (en) * 2020-01-19 2023-11-14 Hunan University Of Science And Technology Suction sampler system for in situ collection of deep-sea floor organisms and method of using same
US20230354787A1 (en) * 2022-07-25 2023-11-09 Agro-product Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Institute, HAAS Heat stress resisting technology for transport of live fish
NO348181B1 (en) * 2023-07-21 2024-09-23 Sea Soul As Apparatus and method for moving live fish

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