ES2197982T3 - Formulaciones de medicamentos de liberacion sostenida. - Google Patents
Formulaciones de medicamentos de liberacion sostenida.Info
- Publication number
- ES2197982T3 ES2197982T3 ES97900072T ES97900072T ES2197982T3 ES 2197982 T3 ES2197982 T3 ES 2197982T3 ES 97900072 T ES97900072 T ES 97900072T ES 97900072 T ES97900072 T ES 97900072T ES 2197982 T3 ES2197982 T3 ES 2197982T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- oil
- formulation according
- formulation
- hline
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000874 thyrotropin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001748 thyrotropin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002227 vasoactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003177 water-insoluble biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyesters, polyamino acids, polysiloxanes, polyphosphazines, copolymers of polyalkylene glycol or poloxamers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
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- A61K47/14—Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/44—Oils, fats or waxes according to two or more groups of A61K47/02-A61K47/42; Natural or modified natural oils, fats or waxes, e.g. castor oil, polyethoxylated castor oil, montan wax, lignite, shellac, rosin, beeswax or lanolin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
SE DESCRIBE UN FORMULADO DE FARMACO DE LIBERACION SOSTENIDA QUE INCLUYE: UN FARMACO; UN POLIMERO BIODEGRADABLE QUE ES INSOLUBLE EN AGUA; Y UN VEHICULO OLEOSO EN EL CUAL SE DISUELVEN EL FARMACO Y EL POLIMERO. EL VEHICULO OLEOSO CONTIENE DE UN 10 - 100 % EN VOLUMEN DE UN ACEITE FARMACEUTICAMENTE ACEPTABLE Y DE UN 0 - 90 % EN VOLUMEN DE UN VEHICULO LIQUIDO FARMACEUTICAMENTE ACEPTABLE PARA EL FARMACO O EL POLIMERO.
Description
Formulaciones de medicamentos de liberación
sostenida.
Las formulaciones de liberación sostenida
formadas por polímeros biodegradables se han usado para administrar
medicamentos durante largos periodos de tiempo. Consulte, por
ejemplo, las patentes de Estados Unidos números 3.773.919 y
4.767.628. Estas formulaciones suelen presentarse en forma de
implantes cilíndricos sólidos, microcápsulas o microesferas. Los
implantes sólidos requieren la realización de incisiones en el
paciente que, a menudo resultan muy dolorosas, lo cual hace que los
pacientes no cumplan el tratamiento. Las microcápsulas y
microesferas sólidas, que se inyectan en el paciente, son a menudo
difíciles de fabricar de forma reproducible y, por tanto, pueden dar
perfiles de liberación variables. Además, las microcápsulas y
microesferas requieren liofilización para evitar la aglomeración de
partículas durante el almacenamiento y el uso de grandes agujas
para inyectarlas.
La invención muestra una formulación de
medicamento de liberación sostenida que incluye: un medicamento, un
polímero biodegradable insoluble en agua (es decir, menos de 0,01
mg/ml a 25ºC)
y un vehículo oleoso que contiene
10-100% en volumen de un aceite farmacéuticamente
aceptable y biodegradable y 0-90% en volumen de un
vehículo líquido farmacéuticamente aceptable. El medicamento y el
polímero biodegradable se disuelven en el vehículo
oleoso.
La cantidad de medicamento disuelto en un
vehículo oleoso depende de su solubilidad y puede variar de 1 a 500
mg por ml del vehículo oleoso. El medicamento puede ser un péptido,
por ejemplo, somatostatina, hormona que libera hormonas
luteinizantes (``LHRH''), péptido que libera la hormona del
crecimiento, bombesina, péptido que libera gastrina, calcitonina,
bradiquinina, galanina, hormona estimuladora de melanocitos, factor
de liberación de la hormona del crecimiento, amilina,
adrenomedulina, taciquinina, secretina, hormona paratiroidea,
encefalina, endotelina, péptido de liberación de genes de
calcitonina, neuromedina, proteína relacionada con la hormona
paratiroidea, glucagón, neurotensina, hormona adrenocorticotrópica,
péptido YY, péptido de liberación de glucagón, péptido intestinal
vasoactivo, péptido activador de la pituitaria adenilato ciclasa,
motilina, sustancia P, neuropéptido Y, hormona estimuladora de
tirotropina y análogos y fragmentos de estos. El medicamento también
puede ser un esteroide. Ejemplos de medicamentos esteroides
incluyen 17-\beta-hidroxi o
estradiol y progesterona, aunque no se limitan a ellos.
El medicamento puede suministrarse en forma de
sales farmacéuticamente aceptables. Algunos ejemplos de dichas sales
incluyen, aunque no se limitan a ellas, a las formadas con ácidos
orgánicos (por ejemplo, acético, láctico, maleico, cítrico, málico,
ascórbico, succínico, benzoico, metanosulfónico, toluenosulfónico o
ácido pamoico), ácidos inorgánicos (por ejemplo, ácido clorhídrico,
ácido sulfúrico o ácido fosfórico), ácidos poliméricos (por ejemplo,
ácido tánico, carboximetil celulosa, poliláctico, poliglicólico o
copolímeros de ácidos poliláctico-glicólicos).
Un polímero biodegradable apropiado para poner en
práctica esta invención es un poliéster. Ejemplos de monómeros
usados para formar un poliéster de estas características incluyen,
aunque no se limitan a ellos,
\epsilon-caprolactona, ácido láctico, ácido
glicólico, ácido \epsilon-caprólico,
p-dioxanona, ácido e-capriónico,
1,5-dioxepan-2-ol,
1,4-dioxepan-2-ol,
oxilato alquileno, cicloalquileno, oxilato cicloalquileno,
succinato alquileno y 3-hidroxi butirato. Obsérvese
que se puede usar cualquier isómero o racemato ópticamente activo.
Además, el poliéster puede ser un copolímero preparado a partir de
dos o más monómeros diferentes.
El polímero biodegradable puede ser un líquido o
tener una temperatura de transición de cristalización o una
temperatura de fusión de hasta 200ºC. Puede tener un peso molecular
(medio) de 500 a 150.000 daltons, preferiblemente, de 1.000 a
75.000 daltons. Los polímeros con pesos moleculares más altos
retrasan la liberación del medicamento de la formulación. Hablando
en general, 1-500 mg (preferiblemente,
15-300 mg) del polímero se pueden disolver en 1 ml
del vehículo oleoso.
Ejemplos de un aceite biodegradable, un
componente esencial del vehículo oleoso, incluyen aceites derivados
de plantas (por ejemplo, el aceite de maíz, el aceite de coco, el
aceite de linaza, el aceite de oliva, el aceite de palma, el aceite
de semilla de girasol, el aceite de semilla de algodón, el aceite de
cacahuete, el aceite de sésamo o el aceite de ricino), animales
(por ejemplo, el aceite de sardina, el aceite de hígado de bacalao,
el aceite de ballena, el aceite de cachalote), el aceite de
parafina o los derivados triglicéridos, como migliol (Labafac,
Gattefusse, Lyon, Francia) o mezclas de estos.
El vehículo oleoso puede contener también uno o
más vehículos líquidos farmacéuticamente aceptables, por ejemplo,
solventes del medicamento o del polímero, tales como agua y etanol.
La cantidad de un vehículo añadido debería permanecer miscible con
el aceite usado para formar el vehículo. Si es preciso, se puede
añadir un éster o poliéter líquido farmacéuticamente aceptable al
vehículo oleoso para facilitar la disolución del medicamento o del
polímero en el vehículo oleoso. Ejemplos de ésteres adecuados
incluyen bencilbenzoato (que puede facilitar la disolución del
polímero, por ejemplo, un poliéster) o glicol polietileno, por
ejemplo, PEG 400 (que puede facilitar la disolución del medicamento,
por ejemplo, un péptido). El éster o poliéter puede constituir
0,1-90% en volumen del vehículo oleoso.
El vehículo oleoso puede incluir también un
tensioactivo farmacéuticamente aceptable para aclarar la
formulación. Ejemplos de tensioactivos válidos incluyen a los
polisorbatos (por ejemplo, TWEEN 80 o SPAN 80).
De este modo, lo que se entiende por ``vehículo
oleoso'' es un medio inmiscible en agua en el que disuelven un
medicamento y un polímero biodegradable. Contiene, al menos, un
aceite y puede contener también un vehículo líquido para el
medicamento o polímero, un éster o poliéter líquido o un
tensioactivo.
La microfiltración permite garantizar la
esterilización de formulaciones. Esta técnica especializada, que se
aplica a formulaciones líquidas de baja viscosidad lábiles al calor
u otros procedimientos de esterilización, depende de la eliminación
física de microorganismos mediante la adsorción en un filtro o
mecanismo de tamiz. La separación de microorganismos del filtrado
puede provocar interacciones asociadas a fuerzas electroestáticas o
a la criba mecánica por tamaño, forma y tortuosidad de los huecos.
Los ejemplos de filtros para lograr la esterilidad tienen una
porosidad nominal de 0,22 \mum. Las formulaciones de la invención
pueden almacenarse a 4ºC protegidas de la luz del sol.
Las formulaciones de la presente invención pueden
distribuirse en la circulación sistémica por ejemplo, por
administración parenteral, administración intramuscular o
subcutánea, administración oral, oftálmica, nasal o pulmonar.
Otras características y ventajas de la presente
invención se podrán extraer de la descripción detallada de la
invención y también de las reivindicaciones.
Se cree que un experto en la materia puede, en
función de esta descripción, usar la presente invención en su
máxima capacidad. Los siguientes ejemplos específicos, que muestran
diversas formas de preparar y probar varias formulaciones de esta
invención, se van a analizar como meramente ilustrativos, y no
limitativos del resto de la exposición en modo alguno.
A menos que se indique lo contrario, todos los
términos técnicos y científicos usados aquí tienen el mismo
significado que el usado comúnmente por alguien que tenga
experiencia en la materia a la que pertenece esta invención.
En una cubeta de 100 ml, se mezclaron 6 ml de
bencilbenzoato y 8 ml de glicol polietileno (PEG 400). A
continuación se añadieron 6 ml de aceite de sésamo a la cubeta y se
mezclaron con el contenido, formando una sustancia oleosa. La
sustancia oleosa se mezcló con 50 mg de un polímero biodegradable y
se añadió todo ello a la misma cubeta y se disolvió calentando la
cubeta a 60ºC mientras se agitaba. A continuación se enfrió la
cubeta. 10 mg de marcador azul patente V (Prolabo, Fontenay Sour,
Bois, Francia; usado aquí como sustituto del medicamento con fines
experimentales) disueltos en 0,1 ml de agua y 0,1 mg de TWEEN 80
disueltos en 0,9 ml de etanol se mezclaron con la sustancia oleosa
para formar la formulación de liberación sostenida. El polímero
biodegradable era un copolímero formado por 50% en peso de ácido
láctico-D, L y 50% en peso de ácido glicólico
(``50/50 PLGA'') y con un peso molecular medio entre 20.000 y
30.000 daltons y se sintetizó usando procedimientos estándar
conocidos en la materia. Consúltese, por ejemplo, las patentes de
Estados Unidos números 2.703.316 ó 2.758.987.
Se vertieron 2 ml de la formulación de liberación
sostenida resultante en un vial que contenía 20 ml de agua
destilada. El aceite se posó en el fondo del vial y formó una
emulsión. Al agitarla con un agitador magnético, la emulsión formó
glóbulos. El marcador azul permaneció en los glóbulos de la emulsión
y se liberó lentamente en el agua que lo rodeaba. A continuación se
añadieron al vial 3 ml de cloruro metileno, un solvente del
copolímero, que degradó la emulsión y liberó rápidamente el
marcador azul en el agua destilada.
La formulación preparada por los procedimientos
anteriormente descritos en el ejemplo 1 se vertió en un vial que
contenía 20 ml de purgante salino. Una vez más, el marcador se
introdujo en los glóbulos sólidos y se liberó lentamente en el
purgante salino que lo rodeaba tras añadir 3 ml de cloruro
metileno.
Se añadieron 8 ml de PEG 400 y 6 ml de
bencilbenzoato en una cubeta de 100 ml y se mezclaron en ella. Se
añadieron 500 mg de copolímero 50/50 PLGA con un peso molecular
medio de 30.000 a 40.000 a la misma cubeta y se disolvieron mediante
el calentamiento de la cubeta a 60º C mientras se agitaba. A
continuación se enfrió la cubeta. Se disolvieron 51 mg de sal de
acetato soluble en agua del agonista de la LHRH Triptorelin®
(p-Glu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-D-Trp-Leu-Arg
-Pro-Gly-NH_{2}) en un solvente
formado por 0,1 ml de agua y 0,9 ml de etanol, se añadió la
solución resultante a la cubeta y se mezcló con el contenido. A
continuación se añadieron lentamente 6 ml de aceite de ricino a la
misma cubeta y se mezclaron con el contenido. Por último, se
añadieron 100 \mul de etanol y se mezclaron con el contenido de
la cubeta para aclarar la formulación resultante.
La formulación se dispersó en un vial que
contenía agua destilada y se agitó el vial. La formulación emulsionó
como glóbulos en el vial. Los glóbulos tenían un diámetro medio de
60nM. La cromatografía líquida de alta resolución reveló que no se
había producido virtualmente ninguna degradación del agonista de la
LHRH durante el procedimiento de la formulación.
La formulación descrita en el ejemplo 3 se
inyectó en ratas Wistar (IFFA Credo, St. Germaine Sur L'Arbescle,
Francia) en una dosis de 400 \mug de péptido en peso en kg de
rata. Los niveles plasmáticos de testosterona (ng/ml) se
determinaron mediante muestras de sangre recogidas en distintos días
y extraídas del seno retroorbitario. Se vertieron 50 \mul de
muestra de sangre, 200 \mul de testosterona l^{125} y 200
\mul de antisuero en tubos que se agitaron y se incubaron durante
24 horas a 37º C. Se añadió a cada tubo el reactivo
inmuno-precipitante propanol (1 ml) y se incubaron
todos los tubos durante 15 minutos a temperatura ambiente. Se
eliminó el sobrenadante después de la centrifugación y se midió la
radioactividad con un multigammámetro LKB-WALLAC
modelo 1261 (LKB, Les Ulis, Francia).
La tabla I muestra estos datos. Como indican los
datos, la formulación libera continuamente el agonista de la LHRH
durante un periodo de al menos 29 días, como indica la inhibición de
testosterona de las ratas.
\catcode`\#=12\nobreak\centering\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}\hline
DÍAS \+ TESTOSTERONA (ng/ml) \\\hline 0 \+ 2,80 \\\hline 2 \+
4,17 \\\hline 4 \+ 0,47 \\\hline 8 \+ 0,64 \\\hline 11 \+ 1,34
\\\hline 15 \+ 1,04 \\\hline 18 \+ 0,69 \\\hline 22 \+ 1,63
\\\hline 25 \+ 1,57 \\\hline 29 \+ 0,85
\\\hline\end{tabular}\par\vskip.5\baselineskip
\newpage
El protocolo sintético anterior del ejemplo 3 se
realizó con la excepción de que se usaron 62 mg de sal de pamoato
insoluble Triptorelin® disuelto en 1 ml de etanol en lugar de 51 mg
de sal de acetato de Triptorelin® disuelto en 0,1 ml de agua y 0,0
ml de etanol. La formulación resultante se inyectó en ratas Wistar
en una concentración de 400 \mug/kg como se realizó en el ejemplo
4. La tabla II muestra estos datos. La formulación liberó
lentamente el agonista de la LHRH durante un periodo de, al menos,
17 días.
\catcode`\#=12\nobreak\centering\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}\hline
DÍAS \+ TESTOSTERONA (ng/ml) \\\hline 0 \+ 2,50 \\\hline 2 \+
3,33 \\\hline 3 \+ 1,30 \\\hline 7 \+ 0,68 \\\hline 10 \+ 0,84
\\\hline 14 \+ 0,29 \\\hline 17 \+ 0,46
\\\hline\end{tabular}\par\vskip.5\baselineskip
Se añadieron 8 ml de PEG 400 y 6 ml de
bencilbenzoato y se mezclaron en una cubeta de 100 ml. A
continuación se añadieron 50 mg de un copolímero PLGA 50/50 a la
misma cubeta y se disolvieron al calentar la cubeta a 60ºC mientras
se agitaba. El 90 por ciento, en peso, del copolímero tenía un peso
molecular medio de 20.000 a 30.000 mientras que el 10 por ciento,
en peso, del copolímero tenía un peso molecular medio de 1500 a
2000. A continuación se enfrió la cubeta. Se disolvieron 388 mg de
sal de pamoato del agonista de la somatostatina LANREOTIDE
(D-Nal-c[Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys]-Thr-NH_{2})
en 1 ml de etanol y la solución resultante se añadió a la misma
cubeta y se mezcló con el contenido. Por último, se añadieron
lentamente 6 ml de aceite de ricino a la misma cubeta para formar
la formulación de liberación sostenida.
La formulación descrita en el ejemplo 6 se
inyectó intramuscularmente en ratas Wistar en una dosis de 6 mg de
péptido en peso en kg de rata. La sangre para el análisis del
péptido se recogió en tubos de aprotinina para evitar cualquier
degradación de péptidos (Laboratoire CHOAY, Gentilly, Francia). Las
muestras se centrifugaron inmediatamente, se separó el plasma y se
almacenó a -20ºC hasta radioinmunoanálisis (``RIA'') para determinar
las cantidades del medicamento (ng/ml). Se había desarrollado RIA
tras la inmunización de conejos con péptidos conjugados con albúmina
de suero bovino para obtener un anticuerpo específico. Se ha usado
yodo 125 para marcar LANREOTIDE.
La tabla III muestra estos datos. La formulación
liberó lentamente LANREOTIDE durante un periodo de, al menos, 12
días.
\catcode`\#=12\nobreak\centering\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}\hline
DÍAS \+ LANREOTIDE (ng/ml) \\\hline 2 \+ 9,31 \\\hline 5 \+
1,87 \\\hline 8 \+ 0,81 \\\hline 12 \+ 0,28
\\\hline\end{tabular}\par\vskip.5\baselineskip
El protocolo sintético anterior del ejemplo 6 se
realizó con la excepción de que se disolvieron 365 mg de sal de
acetato de LANREOTIDE en 0,1 ml de agua y se usaron 0,9 ml de etanol
en lugar de 388 mg de sal de pamoato de LANREOTIDE disuelto en 1 ml
de etanol. Esta formulación se inyectó en ratas Wistar en una dosis
de 6 \mug/kg y se llevó a cabo RIA del modo descrito en el ejemplo
7. La tabla IV muestra estos datos. La formulación liberó lentamente
el péptido durante un periodo de, al menos, 14 días.
\catcode`\#=12\nobreak\centering\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}\hline
DÍAS \+ LANREOTIDE (ng/ml) \\\hline 2 \+ 26,14 \\\hline 5 \+
3,15 \\\hline 8 \+ 0,79 \\\hline 12 \+ 0,37 \\\hline 14 \+
0,16
\\\hline\end{tabular}\par\vskip.5\baselineskip
Se pusieron 10 ml de PEG 400 y 8 ml de
bencilbenzoato en una cubeta de 100 ml y se mezclaron. Se añadió 1 g
de copolímero PLGA 50/50 con un peso molecular medio de 40.000 a
50.000 a la misma cubeta y se disolvió calentando la cubeta a 60ºC
mientras se agitaba. A continuación se enfrió la cubeta. Después se
añadieron 200 mg del esteroide
17-\beta-hidroxi-o
estradiol y se mezclaron con el contenido de la cubeta. Por último
se añadieron lentamente 4 ml de aceite de ricino y se mezclaron en
la misma cubeta.
La formulación descrita en el ejemplo 9 se
inyectó intramuscularmente en ratas Wistar en una dosis de 4 mg/kg.
La concentración del esteroide se determinó usando un kit de EIA
(enzimoinmunoanálisis) (Cayman Chemical, SPI-BIO,
Massay, Francia). La tabla V muestra estos datos. La fórmula liberó
lentamente el
17-\beta-hidroxi-o
estradiol durante un periodo de, al menos, 11 días.
\catcode`\#=12\nobreak\centering\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}\hline
DÍAS \+ 17 - \beta -HIDROXI-O
ESTRADIOL (ng/ml) \\\hline 2 \+ 12,45 \\\hline 4 \+ 2,62
\\\hline 8 \+ 0,19 \\\hline 11 \+ 0,10
\\\hline\end{tabular}\par\vskip.5\baselineskip
Se añadieron 10 ml de PEG 400 y 8 ml de
bencilbenzoato y se mezclaron en una cubeta de 100 ml. A
continuación se añadió 1 g de copolímero PLGA 50/50 con un peso
molecular medio de 40.000 a 50.000 a la misma cubeta y se disolvió
calentando la cubeta a 60ºC mientras se agitaba. A continuación se
enfrió la cubeta. Después se añadieron 200 mg de progesterona y se
mezclaron con el contenido de la cubeta. Por último se mezclaron 4
ml de aceite de ricino con 2 ml de etanol y se añadieron lentamente
a la misma cubeta para formar la formulación de liberación
sostenida.
La formulación del ejemplo 12 se inyectó en ratas
Wistar en una dosis de 4 \mug/kg. La concentración del esteroide
(ng/ml en plasma) se determinó usando un kit de EIA (Cayman
Chemical, SPI-BIO, Massay, Francia). La tabla V
muestra estos datos. La formulación liberó lentamente el
17-\beta-hidroxi-o
estradiol durante un periodo de, al menos, 11 días.
\catcode`\#=12\nobreak\centering\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}\hline
DÍAS \+ PROGESTERONA (ng/ml) \\\hline 2 \+ 11,54 \\\hline 4 \+
9,51 \\\hline 8 \+ 1,39 \\\hline 11 \+ 1,97
\\\hline\end{tabular}\par\vskip.5\baselineskip
Debe entenderse que, si bien la invención se ha
descrito junto con la descripción detallada de la misma, el
objetivo de la descripción anterior es ilustrar y no limitar el
alcance de la invención, que está definida por el alcance de las
reivindicaciones adjuntas. En las reivindicaciones pueden
encontrarse otros aspectos, ventajas y modificaciones.
Claims (14)
1. Una formulación de medicamento de liberación
sostenida, compuesta por:
un medicamento,
un polímero biodegradable que es insoluble en
agua y
un vehículo oleoso que contiene un aceite
farmacéuticamente aceptable que es biodegradable y un vehículo
líquido farmacéuticamente aceptable que disuelve dicho medicamento o
dicho polímero, constituyendo dicho aceite y dicho vehículo
10-100% y 0-90% en volumen de dicho
vehículo oleoso respectivamente; en la que dicho medicamento y dicho
polímero se disuelven en dicho vehículo oleoso.
2. Una formulación de la reivindicación 1, en la
que la cantidad de dicho polímero es 1-500 mg por
ml de dicho vehículo oleoso.
3. Una formulación de la reivindicación 1 ó 2 en
la que la cantidad de dicho polímero es 15-300 mg
por ml de dicho vehículo oleoso.
4. Una formulación según una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones 1 a 3, en la que el peso molecular de dicho
polímero es 500-150.000 daltons.
5. Una formulación según una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones 1 a 4, en la que dicho polímero está formado por
un monómero seleccionado de \epsilon -caprolactona, ácido láctico,
ácido glicólico y una combinación de estos.
6. Una formulación según una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones 1 a 5, en la que el peso molecular de dicho
polímero es 1.000 a 75.000 daltons.
7. Una formulación según una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones 1 a 6, en la que dicho aceite es aceite de maíz,
aceite de semilla de algodón, aceite de cacahuete, aceite de
sésamo, aceite de ricino o una mezcla de estos.
8. Una formulación según una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones 1 a 7, en la que dicho vehículo oleoso comprende
además un éster o poliéster farmacéuticamente aceptable para
facilitar la disolución de dicho medicamento o polímero,
constituyendo dicho éster o poliéter 0,1-90% en
volumen de dicho vehículo oleoso.
9. Una formulación según la reivindicación 8, en
la que dicho éster o poliéter es bencilbenzoato, glicol polietileno
o una mezcla de estos.
10. Una formulación según una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones 1 a 9, en la que dicho vehículo oleoso comprende
además un tensioactivo farmacéuticamente aceptable.
11. Una formulación según una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones 1 a 10, en la que dicho medicamento es un
péptido.
12. Una formulación según la reivindicación 11,
en la que dicho péptido es un agonista de la somatostatina o un
agonista de la LHRH.
13. Una formulación según una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones 1 a 11, en la que dicho medicamento es un
esteroide.
14. Una formulación según la reivindicación 13,
en la que dicho esteroide es
17-\beta-hidroxi o estradiol o
progesterona.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US584320 | 1996-01-16 | ||
| US08/584,320 US5980945A (en) | 1996-01-16 | 1996-01-16 | Sustained release drug formulations |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2197982T3 true ES2197982T3 (es) | 2004-01-16 |
Family
ID=24336839
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES97900072T Expired - Lifetime ES2197982T3 (es) | 1996-01-16 | 1997-01-15 | Formulaciones de medicamentos de liberacion sostenida. |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5980945A (es) |
| EP (1) | EP0874642B1 (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE238813T1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU1206497A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2242986C (es) |
| DE (1) | DE69721481T2 (es) |
| DK (1) | DK0874642T3 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2197982T3 (es) |
| PT (1) | PT874642E (es) |
| WO (1) | WO1997026015A1 (es) |
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| US3773919A (en) * | 1969-10-23 | 1973-11-20 | Du Pont | Polylactide-drug mixtures |
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- 1997-01-15 DE DE69721481T patent/DE69721481T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-15 PT PT97900072T patent/PT874642E/pt unknown
- 1997-01-15 EP EP97900072A patent/EP0874642B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-15 AT AT97900072T patent/ATE238813T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 1997-01-15 ES ES97900072T patent/ES2197982T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-15 CA CA002242986A patent/CA2242986C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| US5980945A (en) | 1999-11-09 |
| CA2242986A1 (en) | 1997-07-24 |
| CA2242986C (en) | 2004-09-21 |
| DE69721481D1 (de) | 2003-06-05 |
| DK0874642T3 (da) | 2003-08-11 |
| EP0874642B1 (en) | 2003-05-02 |
| ATE238813T1 (de) | 2003-05-15 |
| EP0874642A1 (en) | 1998-11-04 |
| PT874642E (pt) | 2003-09-30 |
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