JP2012138618A - 露光装置、露光方法、及びデバイス製造方法 - Google Patents
露光装置、露光方法、及びデバイス製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】露光装置は、互いに独立して移動可能な第1、第2テーブルと、投影光学系の直下に液体を供給して液浸領域を形成する液浸システムと、投影光学系と第1、第2テーブルの一方との間に液浸領域が維持される第1状態から、投影光学系と第1、第2テーブルの他方との間に液浸領域が維持される第2状態に遷移するように、投影光学系の直下に液浸領域を維持しつつ、投影光学系の下方で第1、第2テーブルを共に移動する駆動システムと、を備え、第1テーブルは、基板の載置領域及びその周囲領域を有し、周囲領域と基板との隙間からの液体の流出を抑制するように周囲領域に近接させて基板を載置領域に載置し、基板は、第1テーブルによって液浸領域に対して相対的に移動される。
【選択図】図1
Description
δ=k2・λ/NA2 ……(2)
かかる場合には、投影光学系と基板表面との間に、空気に比べて屈折率が高い高屈折率流体が常に存在する状態で、前記パターン、投影光学系及び高屈折率流体を介してエネルギビームにより基板が露光されるので、基板表面におけるエネルギビームの波長を空気中における波長の1/n倍(nは高屈折率流体の屈折率)に短波長化でき、更に焦点深度は空気中に比べて約n倍に広がる。
以下、本発明の第1の実施形態について、図1〜図6に基づいて説明する。
これらのX可動子54A、54Bとともに、それぞれX軸リニアモータ58A,58Bを構成する電機子ユニットから成るX固定子56A、56Bが、X軸方向にそれぞれ延設されている。X固定子56A、56Bは、同一のXY面内でY軸方向に所定間隔を隔てて配設され、それぞれ不図示の支持部材によって支持されている。X固定子56A、56Bは、X可動子54A、54Bがその内部に挿入可能な断面U字状の形状を有し、X可動子54A、54Bが対向する少なくとも一面には、X軸方向に所定間隔で配置された複数の電機子コイルを有している。
ウエハテーブルTBは、Y軸リニアモータ64A,64BによってY軸方向に駆動される。また、Y軸リニアモータ64A,64Bが発生する駆動力を僅かに異ならせることにより、ウエハテーブルTBをZ軸回りに回転させることも可能である。
従って、解像度の高い露光が可能になる。なお、空気中で使用する場合と同程度の焦点深度が確保できれば良い場合には、投影光学系PLの開口数(NA)をより増加させることができ、この点でも解像度が向上する。
同様に、水圧パッド34に代えて、複数の小型の流体静圧軸受を、ウエハテーブルTBの裏面側の露光領域(レチクルパターンの投影領域)を取り囲む領域に対応する領域に対向して配置しても良い。あるいは、水圧パッド32に代えて設けられる1又は2以上の水圧パッドを投影光学系PLの像面側に投影光学系PLとの位置関係を維持した状態で配置しても良い。
これまでの説明では、水圧パッド32が鏡筒40に固定され、投影光学系PLと水圧パッド32との位置関係が一定に維持されている場合について説明したが、これに限らず、例えば、投影光学系PLを構成する最も像面側の光学部材として、図8に示されるような上下に2分割された分割レンズ(Divided Lens)を用いることとしても良い。この図8に示される分割レンズ150は、下側の半球状の第1部分レンズ152aと、その第1部分レンズの外表面(球面の一部)と同一の点を中心とする曲率半径が僅かに大きな曲率半径の球面をその内面(内表面)として有し、前記第1部分レンズ152aの中心とは異なる点を中心とする球面を外面(外表面)として有する第2部分レンズ152bとによって構成されている。この場合、第1部分レンズ152aは平凸レンズであり、第2部分レンズ152bは、凹メニスカスレンズである。
次に、図9及び図10に基づいて本発明の第2の実施形態の露光装置について説明する。図9には、第2の実施形態の露光装置を構成するウエハステージ装置300の構成が、平面図にて示されている。ここで、重複説明を避ける観点から、前述の第1の実施形態と同一の構成部分には、同一の符号を用いるとともに、その説明を省略するものとする。
これにより、ステージ52上では、ウエハテーブルの交換が終了する。
その後、光学調整をするとともに、多数の機械部品からなるレチクルステージやウエハステージを露光装置本体に取り付けて配線や配管を接続し、更に総合調整(電気調整、動作確認等)をすることにより、上記各実施形態の露光装置を製造することができる。なお、露光装置の製造は温度及びクリーン度等が管理されたクリーンルームで行うことが望ましい。
次に上述した露光装置をリソグラフィ工程で使用したデバイスの製造方法の実施形態について説明する。
以上のステップ211〜ステップ214それぞれは、ウエハ処理の各段階の前処理工程を構成しており、各段階において必要な処理に応じて選択されて実行される。
また、本発明のデバイス製造方法は、マイクロデバイスの製造に適している。
Claims (33)
- エネルギビームによりパターンを照明し、前記パターンを投影光学系を介して基板上に転写する露光装置であって、
基板が載置され、該基板を保持して2次元的に移動可能なテーブルと;
前記投影光学系の像面側に配置され、前記テーブル上の基板に対向する軸受面と前記基板との間に液体を供給して該液体の静圧により前記軸受面と前記基板の表面との間隔を維持する少なくとも1つの液体静圧軸受を含む液体静圧軸受装置と;を備える露光装置。 - 請求項1に記載の露光装置において、
前記投影光学系と前記基板表面との間に、空気に比べて屈折率が高い高屈折率流体が常に存在する状態で、前記パターン、前記投影光学系及び前記高屈折率流体を介して前記エネルギビームにより前記基板が露光されることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項2に記載の露光装置において、
前記高屈折率流体は、液体であることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項3に記載の露光装置において、
前記液体静圧軸受用の液体が、前記投影光学系と前記テーブル上の前記基板との間を満たすための前記高屈折率流体として用いられることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項1に記載の露光装置において、
前記少なくとも1つの液体静圧軸受は、前記投影光学系の光軸方向に関し、前記投影光学系との位置関係を一定に維持した状態で配置されていることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項1に記載の露光装置において、
前記投影光学系を構成する最も基板側の光学部材は、その瞳面側が球面でかつ像面側が平面であることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項6に記載の露光装置において、
前記投影光学系を構成する最も基板側の光学部材は、その像面側の平面が、前記液体静圧軸受の軸受面と略同一面上に位置することを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項1に記載の露光装置において、
前記液体静圧軸受装置は、前記少なくとも1つの液体静圧軸受の軸受面と前記基板との間に前記液体を供給するとともに、前記軸受面と前記基板との間の液体を負圧を利用して外部に排出することを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項8に記載の露光装置において、
前記少なくとも1つの液体静圧軸受は、前記基板上の前記パターンの投影領域の周囲を取り囲む状態で、配置されていることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項9に記載の露光装置において、
前記少なくとも1つの液体静圧軸受は、その軸受面が前記基板上の前記投影領域を取り囲む、単一の軸受であることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項9に記載の露光装置において、
前記液体静圧軸受の前記軸受面には、複数の環状の溝が多重に形成され、前記複数の溝は、液体供給溝と液体排出溝とを少なくとも各1つ含むことを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項11に記載の露光装置において、
前記複数の溝は、液体供給溝と、該液体供給溝の内外にそれぞれ形成された少なくとも各1つの液体排出溝とを含むことを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項1に記載の露光装置において、
前記テーブルには、前記基板が載置される載置領域の周囲にプレートが設けられ、該プレートの表面位置が可動であることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項13に記載の露光装置において、
前記テーブルと前記プレートとの間に弾性部材が配置されていることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項1に記載の露光装置において、
前記投影光学系を構成する最も基板側の光学部材は、その像面側が平面である第1部分素子と、該第1部分素子の外表面に流体の層を介して係合し、前記投影光学系の瞳面側に位置する外表面が曲面である第2素子とを有する分割レンズであることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項15に記載の露光装置において、
前記第2部分素子は前記投影光学系の鏡筒に固定され、前記第1部分素子は前記液体静圧軸受に前記軸受面と前記平面とがほぼ同一面となる状態で保持されていることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項1に記載の露光装置において、
前記投影光学系を構成する最も基板側の光学部材は、その像面側が平面であり、前記軸受面と前記平面とがほぼ同一面となる状態で保持されていることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項9に記載の露光装置において、
前記液体静圧軸受に設けられ、少なくとも1つの計測点で前記基板表面との間の間隔を計測するギャップセンサを更に備え、
前記液体静圧軸受装置は、前記ギャップセンサの計測値に応じて前記液体を排出するための負圧と前記液体を供給するための陽圧との少なくとも一方を調整することを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項1に記載の露光装置において、
前記テーブルを介して前記液体静圧軸受に対向して配置され、前記テーブルに対向する軸受面と前記テーブルとの間に流体を供給して該流体の静圧により前記軸受面と前記テーブルの面との隙間を維持する少なくとも1つの流体静圧軸受を、更に備えることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項19に記載の露光装置において、
前記流体静圧軸受は、その軸受面が前記テーブルの前記基板が載置される面とは反対側の面上の前記投影領域に対応する領域を取り囲む、単一の軸受であることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項20に記載の露光装置において、
前記流体静圧軸受の前記軸受面には、複数の環状の溝が多重に形成され、前記複数の溝は、流体供給溝と流体排出溝とを少なくとも各1つ含むことを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項21に記載の露光装置において、
前記複数の溝は、流体供給溝と、該流体供給溝の内外にそれぞれ形成された少なくとも各1つの流体排出溝とを含むことを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項19に記載の露光装置において、
前記流体は、液体であることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項1に記載の露光装置において、
前記軸受面と前記基板の表面との隙間は、0より大きく10μm程度以下に維持されることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項1に記載の露光装置において、
前記テーブルの前記2次元面内の位置情報を検出する位置検出系を更に備える露光装置。 - 投影光学系と基板との間に液体を供給し、エネルギビームによりパターンを照明し、前記パターンを前記投影光学系及び前記液体を介して前記基板上に転写する露光装置であって、
基板の載置領域が形成され、該載置領域の周囲の領域の表面が前記載置領域に載置された基板の表面とほぼ面一となるように設定され、前記液体が供給される前記投影光学系直下の位置を含む第1領域と該第1領域の一軸方向の一側に位置する第2領域とを含む所定範囲の領域内で移動可能な第1テーブルと;
表面がほぼ面一となるように設定され、前記第1領域と前記第2領域とを含む領域内で前記第1テーブルとは独立して移動可能な第2テーブルと;
前記第1、第2テーブルを駆動するとともに、一方のテーブルが前記第1領域に位置する第1の状態から他方のテーブルが前記第1領域に位置する第2の状態に遷移させる際に、両テーブルが前記一軸方向に関して近接又は接触した状態を維持して両テーブルを同時に前記一軸方向の前記第2領域側から第1領域側へ向かう方向に駆動するステージ駆動系と;を備える露光装置。 - 請求項26に記載の露光装置において、
前記第2テーブルは、基板の載置領域が形成され、該載置領域に載置された基板の表面を含めて表面がほぼ面一となるように設定されていることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項27に記載の露光装置において、
基板上のアライメントマークを検出するアライメント系をさらに備え、
前記遷移動作中に、前記一方のテーブルには露光後の基板が載置され、前記他方のテーブルには前記アライメント系よるマーク検出後の基板が載置されていることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項28に記載の露光装置において、
複数の基板の露光処理シーケンスの実行中、前記第1テーブル及び前記第2テーブルの少なくとも一方が、常に、前記液体を介して前記投影光学系と対向していることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項26に記載の露光装置において、
前記第1テーブルと前記第2テーブルの二次元的な位置はそれぞれ計測されていることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項30に記載の露光装置において、
複数の基板の露光処理シーケンスの実行中、前記第1テーブル及び前記第2テーブルの少なくとも一方が、常に、前記液体を介して前記投影光学系と対向していることを特徴とする露光装置。 - 請求項26に記載の露光装置において、
前記投影光学系の像面側に配置され、前記第1、第2テーブルのいずれかが、前記第1領域にあるとき、その第1領域にあるテーブル上の基板に対向する軸受面と前記基板との間に液体を供給して該液体の静圧により前記軸受面と前記基板の表面との間隔を維持する少なくとも1つの液体静圧軸受を含む液体静圧軸受装置を更に備える露光装置。 - リソグラフィ工程を含むデバイス製造方法であって、
前記リソグラフィ工程では、請求項1〜32のいずれか一項に記載の露光装置を用いて基板上にデバイスパターンを転写することを特徴とするデバイス製造方法。
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| JP2003017404A (ja) * | 2001-06-21 | 2003-01-17 | Nikon Corp | ステージ装置及び露光装置 |
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