WO2012121060A1 - 易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末及び炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体 - Google Patents
易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末及び炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an easily sinterable silicon carbide powder, a production method thereof, a silicon carbide ceramic molded body, and a production method thereof.
- Silicon carbide ceramics are chemically stable at room temperature and high temperature, and have excellent mechanical strength at high temperature, and therefore are used as high temperature materials.
- a high purity silicon carbide ceramic sintered body with excellent heat resistance and creep resistance has been used in the process of heat-treating semiconductor wafers and thermally diffusing trace elements into semiconductor wafers. And process tubes.
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body is usually produced by sintering silicon carbide powder. If the silicon carbide powder used as a raw material for sintering contains an impurity element harmful to the semiconductor, the resulting sintered body also contains the impurity element. For example, using a container made of the sintered body, for example, When a semiconductor wafer is heated, the impurity element enters the wafer and contamination occurs. Therefore, when a silicon carbide ceramic sintered body is used for such an application, it is desired that the silicon carbide powder as a raw material has as high a purity as possible.
- the silicon carbide ceramic sintered body obtained may contain free carbon.
- the free carbon may be released as particles and contaminate the semiconductor substrate.
- Patent Document 1 a method in which ethyl silicate having no carbon-silicon bond and an organic compound are mixed, heated and reacted to form a carbon-silicon bond
- Patent Document 2 A method of thermally decomposing (Patent Document 2) is known.
- these methods have a problem that a special apparatus is required for the production and the production process is complicated.
- the silicon carbide powder obtained by these methods has a problem that the carbon / silicon element ratio is considerably larger than the stoichiometric ratio.
- the obtained silicon carbide ceramic sintered body may contain free carbon.
- the free carbon may be released as particles and contaminate the semiconductor substrate. Therefore, a method of irradiating oxygen plasma in order to remove this free carbon has been proposed (Patent Document 4).
- Patent Document 4 there is a restriction on the size of the oxygen plasma irradiation apparatus, which is not suitable for a large-sized silicon carbide ceramic sintered body, and the process becomes complicated.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to obtain a sinterable silicon carbide powder having a substantially stoichiometric composition and obtaining a dense sintered body, a method for producing the same, and a silicon carbide powder containing the silicon carbide powder. It is an object to provide a composition useful as soil, a silicon carbide ceramic sintered body having a low specific resistance, and a method for producing the same.
- the present inventors have obtained a specific easily sinterable silicon carbide powder by thermally decomposing a cured silicone powder in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and using this, It has been found that the above problems can be solved by adopting a sintering method.
- the present invention firstly The integrated value of the absorption intensity when the carbon / silicon element ratio is 0.96 to 1.04, the average particle diameter is 1.0 to 100 ⁇ m, and the chemical shift is in the range of 0 to 30 ppm in the 13 C-NMR spectrum.
- An easily sinterable silicon carbide powder having a ratio of the absorption intensity in the range of 0 to 170 ppm to an integrated value of 20% or less is provided.
- the present invention secondly, there is provided a method for producing the above readily sinterable silicon carbide powder, comprising obtaining a silicon carbide powder by thermally decomposing a cured silicone powder in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
- the present invention The above sinterable silicon carbide powder, An organic binder, carbon powder or a combination thereof, A silicon carbide powder-based composition is provided.
- the composition is useful as a clay.
- the present invention fourthly, Provided is a silicon carbide ceramic sintered body having a carbon / silicon element ratio of 0.96 to 1.04 and a specific resistance of 1 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less.
- the present invention fifthly, Sintering the above easily sinterable silicon carbide powder alone or in the state of a composition containing the easily sinterable silicon carbide powder and at least one of an organic binder and carbon powder, under pressure. And a silicon carbide ceramic sintered body having a carbon / silicon element ratio of 0.96 to 1.04 and a specific resistance of 1 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less.
- the present invention provides, as a preferred embodiment of the fifth invention, a manufacturing method including, in particular, firing the sintered body obtained by the sintering under pressure in the air atmosphere.
- the starting material is a cured silicone powder
- the required easily sinterable silicon carbide powder can be easily obtained only by thermal decomposition. Since the cured silicone powder is easily obtained from the curable silicone composition, it is possible to provide a highly pure easily sinterable silicon carbide powder by increasing the purity at the stage of the curable silicone composition.
- the silicon carbide powder has high sinterability and high purity. According to the sintering under pressure by the production method of the present invention, carbonization with high purity and denseness, and the carbon / silicon element ratio is almost stoichiometric and free carbon is not included, and the specific resistance is low. A silicon ceramic sintered body is obtained.
- the carbon / silicon element ratio becomes a sintered body closer to 1.00, the purity is improved, and the specific resistance is lowered.
- FIG. 3 shows a 13 C-NMR measurement chart of the silicon carbide powder obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. The measurement chart of 13 C-NMR of the silicon carbide powder obtained in Example 3 is shown.
- 3 shows a 13 C-NMR measurement chart of the silicon carbide powder obtained in Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 13 shows a 13 C-NMR measurement chart of the silicon carbide powder obtained in Comparative Example 2.
- the easily sinterable silicon carbide powder of the present invention has a carbon / silicon element ratio of 0.96 to 1.04, an average particle size of 1.0 to 100 ⁇ m, and a chemical shift of 0 to 13 in the 13 C-NMR spectrum.
- the ratio of the integrated value of the absorption intensity in the range of 30 ppm to the integrated value of the absorption intensity in the range of 0 to 170 ppm (hereinafter referred to as “integrated value ratio”) is 20% or less. When the integral value ratio exceeds 20%, the sinterability is lowered, and a dense sintered body cannot be obtained even if sintering is performed under pressure, which will be described later. growing.
- the impurity element in the easily sinterable silicon carbide powder of the present invention has a nitrogen content of less than 0.1% by mass, preferably 0.05% by mass or less, more preferably 0.01% by mass or less. Further, the total content of Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg and B is less than 1 ppm, preferably 0.5 ppm or less, more preferably 0.1 ppm or less. is there. According to the method for producing silicon carbide powder of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a silicon carbide powder in which the impurity content is thus suppressed.
- the average particle size of the easily sinterable silicon carbide powder particles of the present invention is 1.0 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 2.0 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 3.0 to 20 ⁇ m. If the average particle size is too small, the bulk density of the powder becomes small, and workability deteriorates. Specifically, when the silicon carbide powder or the silicon carbide powder-based composition containing the silicon carbide powder is sintered under pressure, the silicon carbide powder or the silicon carbide powder-based composition is enclosed in a carbon container. However, when 50 mass% or more of silicon carbide powder particles of less than 1.0 ⁇ m are included, there is a problem that a desired mass cannot be contained.
- the silicon carbide powder-based composition when preparing the silicon carbide powder-based composition, if the silicon carbide powder particles having a particle size of less than 1.0 ⁇ m are contained in an amount of 50% by mass or more, the amount of water to be added is increased, and the carbonization with high density is performed. It becomes difficult to manufacture a silicon ceramic sintered body. Moreover, since it becomes easy to disperse
- the above readily sinterable silicon carbide powder is obtained by thermally decomposing a cured silicone powder in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and, if necessary, an average particle size desired, that is, an average particle size in the range of 1.0 to 100 ⁇ m. It can be produced by pulverizing to a particle size.
- the cured silicone powder used as a starting material in this method can be produced by molding and curing a curable silicone composition.
- the average particle size is preferably 1.0 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 2.0 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of the particles means a volume average particle diameter, and is usually measured by a laser diffraction / scattering particle measuring apparatus.
- the type of the curable silicone composition used in the production method is not particularly limited, and any curable silicone composition can be used. Specific examples thereof include organic peroxide curable, radiation curable, addition curable, and condensation curable silicone compositions.
- An organic peroxide-curable and radiation-curable silicone composition is advantageous in that the resulting silicon carbide powder has a high purity.
- the type of the curable silicone composition used in the production method is not particularly limited, and any curable silicone composition can be used. Specific examples thereof include organic peroxide curable, radiation curable, addition curable, and condensation curable silicone compositions.
- An organic peroxide-curable and radiation-curable reactive silicone composition is advantageous in that the resulting silicon carbide powder has a high purity, and the total content of impurity elements in the resulting silicon carbide powder is less than 1 ppm. , Preferably 0.5 ppm or less, and more preferably 0.1 ppm or less.
- the impurity element include Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, and B, and the total content thereof can be suppressed as described above.
- organic peroxide curable silicone composition examples include a linear chain having an alkenyl group such as a vinyl group at one or both of a molecular chain terminal part (one terminal or both terminal) and a molecular chain non-terminal part.
- a silicone composition that cures by radical polymerization of an organopolysiloxane in the presence of an organic peroxide can be given.
- Examples of the radiation curable silicone composition include an ultraviolet curable silicone composition and an electron beam curable silicone composition.
- the ultraviolet curable silicone composition examples include a silicone composition that is cured by ultraviolet energy having a wavelength of 200 to 400 nm.
- the curing mechanism is not particularly limited.
- Specific examples thereof include an acryl silicone-based silicone composition containing an organopolysiloxane having an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group and a photopolymerization initiator, a mercapto group-containing organopolysiloxane and an organopolysiloxane having an alkenyl group such as a vinyl group.
- Mercapto-vinyl addition polymerization type silicone composition containing photopolymerization initiator, addition reaction type silicone composition using the same platinum group metal catalyst as thermosetting addition reaction type, organopolysiloxane containing epoxy group And a cationic polymerization type silicone composition containing an onium salt catalyst, and any of them can be used as an ultraviolet curable silicone composition.
- any silicone composition that cures by radical polymerization initiated by irradiating an electron beam to an organopolysiloxane having a radical polymerizable group can be used.
- the addition-curable silicone composition is cured by a reaction (hydrosilylation addition reaction) in the presence of the above-described linear organopolysiloxane having an alkenyl group, an organohydrogenpolysiloxane, and a platinum group metal catalyst.
- the silicone composition to be mentioned can be mentioned.
- condensation curable silicone composition for example, both terminal silanol-blocked organopolysiloxane and organohydrogenpolysiloxane or hydrolyzable silane such as tetraalkoxysilane and organotrialkoxysilane and / or a partially hydrolyzed condensate thereof are used.
- Silicone compositions that are cured by reaction in the presence of a condensation reaction catalyst such as an organotin catalyst, or both ends are trialkoxy groups, dialkoxyorgano groups, trialkoxysiloxyethyl groups, dialkoxyorganosiloxyethyl groups, etc. Examples thereof include a silicone composition that is cured by reacting the blocked organopolysiloxane in the presence of a condensation reaction such as an organotin catalyst.
- a radiation curable silicone composition and an organic peroxide curable silicone composition are desirable from the viewpoint of avoiding contamination of impurity elements as much as possible.
- Organic peroxide curable silicone composition As an organic peroxide curable silicone composition, specifically, for example, (A) an organopolysiloxane containing at least two alkenyl groups bonded to a silicon atom; and (b) an organic peroxide and, as an optional component, (c) at least two hydrogen atoms bonded to the silicon atom (ie, SiH groups). Organohydrogenpolysiloxane contained in an amount of 0.1 to 2 mol of hydrogen atoms bonded to silicon atoms in the component (c) per mol of alkenyl groups in the total curable silicone composition And organic peroxide-curable silicone compositions.
- the organopolysiloxane of a component is a base polymer of an organic peroxide curable silicone composition.
- the degree of polymerization of the organopolysiloxane of component (a) is not particularly limited, and as component (a), liquid organopolysiloxanes at 25 ° C. to raw rubber-like organopolysiloxane can be used, but the average degree of polymerization is preferred.
- An organopolysiloxane of about 50 to 20,000, more preferably about 100 to 10,000, and still more preferably about 100 to 2,000 is preferably used.
- the organopolysiloxane of component (a) is basically composed of repeating diorganosiloxane units (R 1 2 SiO 2/2 units) from the viewpoint of easy availability of raw materials, both molecular chain terminals are blocked with triorganosiloxy groups (R 1 3 SiO 1/2) or hydroxy diorganosiloxy group ((HO) R 1 2 SiO 1/2 units), linear structure having no branch, Alternatively, although the molecular chain has a cyclic structure having no branch, consisting of repeating diorganosiloxane units, it may partially contain a branched structure such as a trifunctional siloxane unit or SiO 2 unit.
- R 1 is as defined in formula (1) described below.
- R 1 for example, the following average composition formula (1): R 1 a SiO (4-a) / 2 (1)
- R 1 represents the same or different unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and 50 to 99 mol% of R 1 represents alkenyl.
- A is a positive number in the range of 1.5 to 2.8, more preferably 1.8 to 2.5, and even more preferably 1.95 to 2.05.
- Organopolysiloxanes having at least two alkenyl groups in the molecule are used.
- R 1 examples include alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, and hexyl; aryl groups such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, and naphthyl; cyclopentyl A cycloalkyl group such as a cyclohexyl group; an alkenyl group such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, a propenyl group, an isopropenyl group, and a butenyl group; a part or all of the hydrogen atoms of these hydrocarbon groups are halogens such as fluorine, bromine, and chlorine A group substituted with an atom, a cyano group or the like, for example, a chloromethyl group, a chloropropyl group, a bromoethyl group, a trifluoropropyl group, a cyanoethyl group, or the like can be mentioned.
- R 1 are alkenyl groups (particularly alkenyl groups having preferably 2 to 8, more preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms).
- the content of the alkenyl group is in the total organic group bonded to the silicon atom (that is, in the unsubstituted or substituted all monovalent hydrocarbon group represented by R 1 in the average composition formula (1)), preferably 50. It is ⁇ 99 mol%, particularly preferably 75 to 95 mol%.
- the organopolysiloxane as the component (a) has a linear structure, this alkenyl group is bonded to a silicon atom only in one of the molecular chain terminal and the non-molecular chain terminal, and both of them are silicon. It may be bonded to an atom.
- component (b) component is an organic peroxide used as a catalyst for accelerating the crosslinking reaction of component (a) in the organic peroxide-curable organopolysiloxane composition.
- component (b) conventionally known organic peroxides can be used as long as the crosslinking reaction of the component (a) can be promoted.
- benzoyl peroxide 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide, p-methylbenzoyl peroxide, o-methylbenzoyl peroxide, 2,4-dicumyl peroxide, 2,5- Examples include dimethyl-bis (2,5-t-butylperoxy) hexane, di-t-butylperoxide, t-butylperbenzoate, 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxycarboxy) hexane, and the like. However, it is not particularly limited to these.
- the amount of component (b) added is an effective amount as a catalyst for promoting the crosslinking reaction of component (a).
- the amount of the component (a) is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 2 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component.
- the added amount is less than 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of component (a)
- the amount added is more than 10 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of component (a)
- foaming derived from component (b) occurs, and the strength and heat resistance of the cured reaction product are adversely affected. Receive.
- component (c) The organohydrogenpolysiloxane of component (c), which is an optional component, has at least two hydrogen atoms (SiH groups) bonded to silicon atoms (usually 2 to 200), preferably three or more. (Usually 3 to 100).
- component alone can be cured by adding the component (b) and heating, but by adding the component (c), compared to the case of the component (a) alone, ) Since it easily reacts with the component, it can be cured at a lower temperature and in a shorter time.
- the molecular structure of the component (c) is not particularly limited.
- any conventionally produced organohydrogenpolysiloxane such as linear, cyclic, branched, and three-dimensional network (resinous) can be used as the component (c).
- the component (c) has a linear structure, the SiH group is bonded to the silicon atom only in one of the molecular chain terminal and the part that is not the molecular chain terminal. Also good.
- the number of silicon atoms in one molecule (or the degree of polymerization) is usually 2 to 300, preferably about 4 to 150, and the organohydrogenpolysiloxane that is liquid at room temperature (25 ° C.) (C) It can use preferably as a component.
- R 2 for example, the following average composition formula (2): R 2 b H c SiO (4-bc) / 2 (2)
- R 2 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, which does not contain the same or different unsubstituted or substituted aliphatic unsaturated bond
- b And c are preferably 0.7 ⁇ b ⁇ 2.1, 0.001 ⁇ c ⁇ 1.0, and 0.8 ⁇ b + c ⁇ 3.0, more preferably 1.0 ⁇ b ⁇ 2.0, (It is a positive number satisfying 0.01 ⁇ c ⁇ 1.0 and 1.5 ⁇ b + c ⁇ 2.5.)
- the organohydrogenpolysiloxane shown by these is used.
- R 2 include the same groups as R 1 in the average composition formula (1) (excluding alkenyl groups).
- organohydrogenpolysiloxane represented by the above average composition formula (2) examples include 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, tris ( Hydrogendimethylsiloxy) methylsilane, tris (hydrogendimethylsiloxy) phenylsilane, methylhydrogencyclopolysiloxane, methylhydrogensiloxane-dimethylsiloxane cyclic copolymer, both ends trimethylsiloxy group-blocked methylhydrogenpolysiloxane, both ends Trimethylsiloxy group-blocked methylhydrogensiloxane / dimethylsiloxane copolymer, both ends methylhydrogensiloxy group-blocked dimethylpolysiloxane, both ends methylhydrogensiloxy group-blocked methylhydro Polysiloxane / dimethylsiloxane copolymer, tri
- the amount of component (c) added is preferably 0 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 0 to 50 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of component (a).
- the added amount is more than 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of component (a)
- foaming derived from component (c) occurs, and the strength and heat resistance of the cured reaction product are adversely affected. .
- UV curable silicone composition Specific examples of the ultraviolet curable silicone composition include, for example, an ultraviolet curable silicone composition containing (d) an ultraviolet reactive organopolysiloxane and (e) a photopolymerization initiator.
- the ultraviolet-reactive organopolysiloxane of (d) component normally acts as a base polymer in an ultraviolet curable silicone composition.
- the component (d) is not particularly limited, and is preferably an organopolysiloxane having at least 2, more preferably 2 to 20, and particularly preferably 2 to 10 UV-reactive groups in one molecule.
- a plurality of the ultraviolet curable groups present in the organopolysiloxane may be the same or different.
- the organopolysiloxane of component (d) is basically composed of repeating diorganosiloxane units (R 1 2 SiO 2/2 units) in the molecular chain (main chain).
- R 1 is as described in relation to the formula (1).
- the organopolysiloxane of component (d) has a linear structure, it has an ultraviolet-reactive group only at one of the molecular chain terminal and the part that is not the molecular chain terminal. However, it is preferable to have UV reactive groups at least at both ends of the molecular chain.
- Examples of the ultraviolet reactive group include alkenyl groups such as vinyl group, allyl group and propenyl group; alkenyloxy groups such as vinyloxy group, allyloxy group, propenyloxy group and isopropenyloxy group; acryloyl group and methacryloyl group.
- the viscosity of the organopolysiloxane is not particularly limited, but is 100 mPa.s at 25 ° C. s to 1,000,000 mPa.s s, preferably 200 to 500,000 mPa.s. s, more preferably 200 to 100,000 mPa.s. Particularly preferred is s.
- the component (d) for example, the following general formula (3a);
- R 3 is the same or different, unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having no UV-reactive group, and R 4 is the same or different group having an UV-reactive group, R 5 is the same or different group having an ultraviolet reactive group, m is an integer of 5 to 1,000, n is an integer of 0 to 100, f is an integer of 0 to 3, g is an integer of 0 to 3, provided that f + g + n ⁇ 2] Or the following general formula (3b);
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , m, n, f, and g are as defined in the general formula (3a), h is an integer of 2 to 4, and i and j are each 1 Is an integer of ⁇ 3, where fi + gj + n ⁇ 2]
- an organopolysiloxane having at least two ultraviolet-reactive groups represented by the formula:
- R 3 is preferably the same or different, unsubstituted or substituted monovalent, monovalent carbon atoms having no UV-reactive group, preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10 is still more preferably 1 to 8 monovalent hydrocarbon group.
- the monovalent hydrocarbon group represented by R 3 include alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, and hexyl groups; aryl such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, and naphthyl groups.
- a cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group or a cyclopentyl group; an aralkyl group such as a benzyl group or a phenylethyl group; a part or all of the hydrogen atoms bonded to these hydrocarbon groups are halogen atoms or cyano groups
- a group substituted with a carboxyl group such as a chloromethyl group, a chloropropyl group, a bromoethyl group, a trifluoropropyl group, a cyanoethyl group, and a 3-cyanopropyl group, preferably a methyl group and a phenyl group, More preferably, a methyl group is mentioned.
- the monovalent hydrocarbon group represented by R 3 may have one or more sulfonyl groups, ether bonds (—O—), carbonyl groups and the like in its skeleton.
- examples of the ultraviolet reactive group contained in R 4 and R 5 include alkenyl groups such as vinyl group, allyl group, propenyl group; vinyloxy group, allyloxy group, propenyloxy Group, alkenyloxy group such as isopropenyloxy group; aliphatic unsaturated group other than alkenyl group such as acryloyl group and methacryloyl group; mercapto group; epoxy group; hydrosilyl group and the like, preferably acryloyl group, methacryloyl group, An epoxy group and a hydrosilyl group are mentioned, More preferably, an acryloyl group and a methacryloyl group are mentioned.
- the group having an ultraviolet reactive group represented by R 4 and R 5 is, for example, a monovalent group having the ultraviolet reactive group exemplified above.
- Specific examples thereof include a vinyl group, an allyl group, 3 -Glycidoxypropyl group, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyl group, 3-methacryloxypropyl group, 3-acryloxypropyl group, 3-mercaptopropyl group, 2- ⁇ bis (2-methacryloxyethoxy) ) Methylsilyl ⁇ ethyl group, 2- ⁇ bis (2-acryloxyethoxy) methylsilyl ⁇ ethyl group, 2- ⁇ (2-acryloxyethoxy) dimethylsilyl ⁇ ethyl group, 2- ⁇ bis (1,3-dimethacryloxy-2) -Propoxy) methylsilyl ⁇ ethyl group, 2- ⁇ (1,3-dimethacryloxy-2-propoxy) dimethylsilyl ⁇ ethyl
- m is usually an integer of 5 to 1,000, preferably 10 to 800, more preferably 50 to 500, and n is usually 0 to 100, preferably Is an integer from 0 to 50, more preferably from 0 to 20, f is an integer from 0 to 3, preferably from 0 to 2, more preferably from 1 to 2, and g is from 0 to 3, preferably from 0 to 2.
- h is usually an integer of 2 to 4, preferably 2 or 3.
- i and j are each an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 1 or 2.
- organopolysiloxane represented by the general formulas (3a) and (3b) has at least two ultraviolet-reactive groups as described above, f + g + n ⁇ 2 in the formula (3a), and in the formula (3b) fi + gj + n ⁇ 2.
- organopolysiloxane represented by the above formulas (3a) and (3b) include the following.
- R 6 is 90 mol% methyl group and 10 mol% phenyl group
- the photoinitiator of (e) component has the effect
- the component (e) is not particularly limited, and specific examples thereof include acetophenone, propiophenone, benzophenone, xanthol, fluorin, benzaldehyde, anthraquinone, triphenylamine, 4-methylacetophenone, 3-pentylacetophenone, 4- Methoxyacetophenone, 3-bromoacetophenone, 4-allylacetophenone, p-diacetylbenzene, 3-methoxybenzophenone, 4-methylbenzophenone, 4-chlorobenzophenone, 4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 4-chloro-4'-benzylbenzophenone 3-chloroxanthone, 3,9-dichloroxanthone, 3-chloro-8-nonylxanthone, benzo
- benzophenone, 4-methoxyacetophenone, 4-methylbenzophenone, diethoxyacetophenone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one are preferable, and diethoxyacetophene is more preferable.
- photopolymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the component (e) added is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by mass, and still more preferably with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (d). Is 0.5 to 3 parts by mass. When this addition amount is within this range, it is easy to control the curing of the silicone composition.
- Addition curable silicone composition specifically, for example, (f) an organopolysiloxane containing at least two alkenyl groups bonded to a silicon atom, (G) Organohydrogenpolysiloxane containing at least two hydrogen atoms bonded to silicon atoms (i.e., SiH groups) The silicon atoms in this component (g) per mole of alkenyl groups in the total curable silicone composition And an addition curable silicone composition containing an amount of 0.1 to 5 moles of hydrogen atoms bonded to and (h) an effective amount of a platinum group metal catalyst.
- the organopolysiloxane of the (f) component is a base polymer of the addition-curable silicone composition and contains at least two alkenyl groups bonded to silicon atoms.
- a known organopolysiloxane can be used as the component (f).
- the weight average molecular weight of the organopolysiloxane of component (f) measured by gel permeation chromatography (hereinafter referred to as “GPC”) is preferably about 3,000 to 300,000 in terms of polystyrene.
- the viscosity of the organopolysiloxane of component (f) at 25 ° C. is 100 to 1,000,000 mPa.s.
- the organopolysiloxane of the component is basically from the viewpoint of easy availability of raw materials because the molecular chain (main chain) is a repeating diorganosiloxane unit (R 7 2 SiO 2/2 unit).
- R 7 is as described in relation to equation (4) described below.
- R 7 l SiO (4-1) / 2 (4) (Wherein R 7 is the same or different, unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 8, carbon atoms, and l is preferably 1.5 to 2.8, more preferably 1.8 to 2.5, and even more preferably a positive number in the range of 1.95 to 2.05), and at least two alkenyl groups in one molecule.
- the organopolysiloxane having is used.
- R 7 include the groups exemplified for R 1 in the average composition formula (1).
- R 7 are alkenyl groups (particularly alkenyl groups having preferably 2 to 8, more preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms).
- the content of the alkenyl group is in the total organic group bonded to the silicon atom (that is, in the unsubstituted or substituted all monovalent hydrocarbon group represented by R 7 in the average composition formula (4)), preferably 50. It is ⁇ 99 mol%, particularly preferably 75 to 95 mol%.
- the organopolysiloxane of component (f) has a linear structure, this alkenyl group is bonded to a silicon atom only in one of the molecular chain terminal and the non-molecular chain terminal, and both of them are silicon.
- At least one alkenyl group is bonded to a silicon atom at the end of the molecular chain in view of the curing speed of the composition, the physical properties of the cured product, and the like.
- the organohydrogenpolysiloxane has at least two hydrogen atoms (SiH groups) bonded to silicon atoms (usually 2 to 200), preferably 3 or more (usually 3 to 100).
- the component (g) reacts with the component (f) and acts as a crosslinking agent.
- the molecular structure of the component (g) is not particularly limited.
- any conventionally produced organohydrogenpolysiloxane such as linear, cyclic, branched, and three-dimensional network (resinous) can be used as the component (b).
- the SiH group is bonded to the silicon atom only in one of the molecular chain terminal and the non-molecular chain terminal, but is bonded to the silicon atom in both of them. Also good.
- the number of silicon atoms in one molecule (or the degree of polymerization) is usually 2 to 300, preferably about 4 to 150, and the organohydrogenpolysiloxane that is liquid at room temperature (25 ° C.) (G) It can use preferably as a component.
- R 8 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, having the same or different unsubstituted or substituted, aliphatic unsaturated bonds, and p And q are preferably 0.7 ⁇ p ⁇ 2.1, 0.001 ⁇ q ⁇ 1.0, and 0.8 ⁇ p + q ⁇ 3.0, more preferably 1.0 ⁇ p ⁇ 2.0, (It is a positive number satisfying 0.01 ⁇ q ⁇ 1.0 and 1.5 ⁇ p + q ⁇ 2.5.)
- R 8 include the groups exemplified for R 1 in the average composition formula (1) (excluding alkenyl groups).
- organohydrogenpolysiloxane represented by the above average composition formula (3) examples include 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, tris ( Hydrogendimethylsiloxy) methylsilane, tris (hydrogendimethylsiloxy) phenylsilane, methylhydrogencyclopolysiloxane, methylhydrogensiloxane-dimethylsiloxane cyclic copolymer, both ends trimethylsiloxy group-blocked methylhydrogenpolysiloxane, both ends Trimethylsiloxy group-blocked methylhydrogensiloxane / dimethylsiloxane copolymer, both ends methylhydrogensiloxy group-blocked dimethylpolysiloxane, both ends methylhydrogensiloxy group-blocked methylhydro Polysiloxane / dimethylsiloxane copolymer, tri
- the amount of component (g) added is, in particular, per mole of alkenyl groups in the total curable silicone composition, in particular per mole of alkenyl groups bonded to silicon atoms in the total curable silicone composition.
- the amount of SiH groups in this component (g) is 0.1 to 5.0 moles, preferably 0.5 to 3.0 moles, more preferably 0.8 moles per mole of alkenyl groups bonded to silicon atoms.
- the amount is 8 to 2.0 mol.
- the ratio of the alkenyl group bonded to the silicon atom in the component (f) to the alkenyl group present in the total curable silicone composition is preferably 80 to 100 mol%, and more preferably 90 to 100 mol%.
- the amount of SiH in the component (g) is about 0.1 per mole of the alkenyl group in the component (f).
- the amount is 1 to 5.0 mol, preferably 0.5 to 3.0 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 2.0 mol.
- the added amount is such that the amount of SiH is less than 0.1 mol, it takes a long time to cure, which is economically disadvantageous.
- the amount added is such that the amount of SiH is more than 5.0 mol, foaming due to dehydrogenation reaction occurs in the cured reaction product, and the strength and heat resistance of the cured reaction product are adversely affected. Receive.
- the platinum group metal catalyst of the (h) component is used as a catalyst for promoting an addition curing reaction (hydrosilylation reaction) between the (f) component and the (g) component.
- a known platinum group metal catalyst can be used, but it is preferable to use platinum or a platinum compound.
- Specific examples of the component (h) include platinum black, platinous chloride, chloroplatinic acid, alcohol-modified products of chloroplatinic acid, and complexes of chloroplatinic acid with olefins, aldehydes, vinyl siloxanes, or acetylene alcohols. .
- the amount of component (h) added is an effective amount as a catalyst, and may be increased or decreased in a timely manner according to the desired curing reaction rate. Is in the range of 0.1 to 1,000 ppm, more preferably 0.2 to 100 ppm.
- condensation curable silicone composition specifically, for example, (I) an organopolysiloxane containing at least two silanol groups (that is, silicon atom-bonded hydroxyl groups) or silicon atom-bonded hydrolyzable groups, preferably at both ends of the molecular chain; (J) A hydrolyzable silane and / or a partially hydrolyzed condensate thereof as an optional component, and (k) a condensation curable silicone composition containing a condensation reaction catalyst as an optional component.
- Component is an organopolysiloxane containing at least two silanol groups or silicon atom-bonded hydrolyzable groups, and is a base polymer of a condensation curable silicone composition.
- the organopolysiloxane of component (i) is basically composed of repeating diorganosiloxane units (R 9 2 SiO 2/2 units) in terms of molecular chain (main chain). A chain structure in which both ends of the molecular chain are blocked with a triorganosiloxy group (R 9 3 SiO 1/2 ), a linear structure having no branches, or a molecular chain consisting of repeating diorganosiloxane units.
- R 9 represents an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- examples of the hydrolyzable group include acyl groups such as acetoxy group, octanoyloxy group and benzoyloxy group; dimethyl ketoxime group, methylethyl ketoxime group, diethyl ketoxime group and the like Ketoxime groups (ie, iminoxy groups); alkoxy groups such as methoxy groups, ethoxy groups, and propoxy groups; alkoxyalkoxy groups such as methoxyethoxy groups, ethoxyethoxy groups, and methoxypropoxy groups; vinyloxy groups, isopropenyloxy groups, 1- Alkenyloxy groups such as ethyl-2-methylvinyloxy group; amino groups such as dimethylamino group, diethylamino group, butylamino group and cyclohexylamino group; aminoxy groups such as dimethylaminoxy group and diethylaminoxy group; N-methylacetate Amide
- hydrolyzable groups include, for example, trialkoxysiloxy groups, dialkoxyorganosiloxy groups, triacyloxysiloxy groups, diacyloxyorganosiloxy groups, triiminoxysiloxy groups (that is, triketoxime siloxy groups), diiminoxy groups
- Siloxy groups containing 2 or 3 hydrolyzable groups such as organosiloxy groups, trialkenoxysiloxy groups, dialkenoxy otsuganosyloxy groups, trialkoxysiloxyethyl groups, dialkoxyorganosiloxyethyl groups, or two Alternatively, it is desirable to be located at both ends of the molecular chain of the linear diorganopolysiloxane in the form of a siloxyalkyl group containing three hydrolyzable groups.
- Examples of the other monovalent hydrocarbon group bonded to the silicon atom include the same unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon groups as those exemplified for R 1 in the average composition formula (1).
- the component (i) for example,
- X is a hydrolyzable group, a is 1, 2 or 3, n and m are each an integer of 1 to 1,000] Is mentioned.
- component (i) examples include molecular chain both ends silanol-blocked dimethylpolysiloxane, molecular chain both ends silanol-blocked dimethylsiloxane / methylphenylsiloxane copolymer, molecular chain both ends silanol-blocked dimethylsiloxane / diphenylpolysiloxane.
- Siloxane copolymer trimethoxysiloxy group-capped dimethylpolysiloxane with molecular chain at both ends, trimethoxysiloxy group-capped dimethylsiloxane / methylphenylsiloxane copolymer with molecular chain at both ends, trimethoxysiloxy group-capped dimethylsiloxane / diphenyl Examples thereof include polysiloxane copolymers, 2-trimethoxysiloxyethyl group-capped dimethylpolysiloxane having both molecular chain ends. These can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- component (j) which is a base polymer is an organopolysiloxane containing at least two silicon-bonded hydrolyzable groups in one molecule
- component (j) is added to the condensation-curable silicone composition. Can be omitted.
- a silane containing at least 3 silicon atom-bonded hydrolyzable groups in one molecule and / or a partial hydrolysis condensate thereof that is, at least one, preferably two or more hydrolysis products
- An organopolysiloxane in which a functional group remains is preferably used.
- Examples of the silane include a formula: R 10 r SiX 4-r (6) (Wherein R 10 is an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, X is a hydrolyzable group, and r is 0 or 1.) What is represented by these is used preferably.
- R 10 is particularly preferably an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group or a hexyl group; an aryl group such as a phenyl group or a tolyl group; an alkenyl group such as a vinyl group or an allyl group. can give.
- component (j) examples include, for example, methyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, ethyl orthosilicate and the like, and partial hydrolysis condensates thereof. These can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the amount added is preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the component (i). 1 to 10 parts by mass.
- the storage stability and curing reaction rate of the composition of the present invention are particularly good when the amount added is within the above range.
- component (k) The condensation reaction catalyst of component (9) is an optional component, and the hydrolyzable silane and / or its partial hydrolysis condensate of (j) component is, for example, an aminoxy group, amino group, ketoxime If it has a group, it may not be used.
- the condensation reaction catalyst for component (k) include organic titanates such as tetrabutyl titanate and tetraisobropyrutitanate; diisopropoxybis (acetylacetonato) titanium, diisopropoxybis (ethylacetoacetate) titanium and the like.
- Organic titanium chelate compounds Organoaluminum compounds such as aluminum tris (acetylacetonate) and aluminum tris (ethylacetoacetate); organozirconium compounds such as zirconium tetra (acetylacetonate) and zirconium tetrabutyrate; dibutyltin dioctoate, Organotin compounds such as dibutyltin dilaurate and dibutyltin di (2-ethylhexanoate); tin naphthenate, tin oleate, tin butyrate, cobalt naphthenate, stearic acid Metal salts of organic carboxylic acids such as ammonia; amine compounds such as hexylamine and dodecylamine phosphate; and salts thereof; quaternary ammonium salts such as benzyltriethylammonium acetate; and lower fatty acids of alkali metals such as potassium acetate and
- the amount added is not particularly limited and may be an effective amount as a catalyst, but is preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of component (i). Particularly preferred is 0.1 to 10 parts by mass.
- the component (k) it is economically advantageous from the viewpoint of curing time and curing temperature when the amount added is within the above range.
- components that can be blended in any of the curable types are compounds that volatilize or carbonize when heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and specifically include toluene, xylene, and the like. Further, when heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, it becomes a compound composed of carbon, oxygen, and silicon, and specific examples thereof include dimethylpolysiloxane.
- the component added in the case of the organic peroxide curable type is an organopolysiloxane in which both ends are blocked with a trialkoxy group, a dialkoxyorgano group, a trialkoxysiloxyethyl group, a dialkoxyorganosiloxyethyl group, etc. Is mentioned.
- organohydrogensiloxane As a component added in the case of the radiation curable type, organohydrogensiloxane can be mentioned.
- the components added in the case of the addition curing type are trialkoxy groups, dialkoxyorgano groups, trialkoxysiloxyethyl groups, dialkoxyorganosiloxyethyl groups, etc.
- Examples include blocked organopolysiloxanes.
- Examples of the component added in the case of the condensation curable type include organohydrogensiloxane and alkanopolysiloxane having an alkenyl group.
- a curable organopolysiloxane is cured by heating in a sprayed state (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-68333), a homomixer, a homogenizer, a microfluidizer, or a colloid mill.
- -Silicon carbide powder of cured silicone powder The cured silicone powder is heat-treated at a higher temperature in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and thermally decomposed to become silicon carbide powder.
- This heat treatment is performed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, preferably in an inert gas atmosphere.
- the inert gas include nitrogen gas, argon gas, helium gas and the like, and argon gas is particularly preferable for obtaining high-purity silicon carbide.
- the heat treatment is performed, for example, in a carbon furnace at a temperature in the range of more than 1500 ° C. and 2300 ° C. or less.
- the heat treatment is preferably carried out in two stages, and in the first stage, the heat treatment for mineralization is preferably in the range of 400 ° C to 1500 ° C.
- the second stage is performed in a carbon furnace at a temperature in the range of above 1500 ° C. and below 2300 ° C.
- the heating temperature is preferably 1600 ° C. or higher.
- the heating temperature is preferably 2100 ° C. or lower.
- the easily sinterable silicon carbide powder of the present invention can be produced by the above-described production method, but in some cases, it may be prepared by blending with another silicon carbide powder. Also good.
- a blended carbonization comprising 50% by mass or more and less than 100% by mass of silicon carbide powder having an integral value ratio of 20% or less, and 0% by mass of silicon carbide powder exceeding 20% of the integral value ratio and 50% by mass or less.
- the silicon powder has an integrated value ratio of 20% or less as a whole after blending, the carbon / silicon element ratio as a whole is 0.96 to 1.04, and the average particle size is 1.0 to 100 ⁇ m. It can be used as the easily sinterable silicon carbide powder of the present invention.
- Mixed carbonization obtained by mixing easily sinterable silicon carbide powder according to the present invention and silicon carbide powder in which at least one of the integral value ratio, the carbon / silicon element ratio, and the average particle diameter is outside the conditions of the present invention. If the silicon powder as a whole does not satisfy the conditions for at least one of the integral value ratio, the carbon / silicon element ratio, and the average particle size, the mixed silicon carbide powder is outside the scope of the present invention. It can be used as long as the characteristics required for a specific purpose and application are satisfied.
- the silicon carbide powder-based composition of the present invention is The above sinterable silicon carbide powder, An organic binder, carbon powder or a combination thereof, A silicon carbide powder-based composition containing
- Organic binder is blended to facilitate molding. Usually, 0 to 10 parts by mass, preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of silicon carbide powder.
- organic binder include methyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol, and methyl cellulose is preferable.
- Carbon powder may be added for the purpose of improving releasability, if necessary.
- the amount of carbon powder in the composition at that time is 0 to 10 parts by mass, preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silicon carbide powder.
- the carbon powder is not particularly limited as long as metal impurities are excluded, that is, a highly purified carbon powder, and specific examples include natural graphite powder, artificial graphite powder, and fullerene.
- This silicon carbide powder-based composition can be prepared as a clay for producing a silicon carbide molded body by dry-mixing an organic binder and / or carbon powder with silicon carbide powder.
- water, a plasticizer, a lubricant, alcohol or the like can be added as necessary.
- an organic binder and / or carbon powder is dry-mixed with silicon carbide powder, and water or a mixed liquid in which a plasticizer, a lubricant, etc. are mixed with water is added to the resulting mixture.
- the resulting mixture may be mixed using a wet mixer.
- the composition is dried and water is evaporated.
- the composition is preferably dried at a temperature of 80 to 150 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours.
- the above composition can be used as a clay as it is, and the water content in the composition at that time should be 8 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid content. preferable.
- a production method including sintering the easily sinterable silicon carbide powder under pressure is provided.
- the composition containing an organic binder and / or carbon powder together with the easily sinterable silicon carbide powder may be subjected to the above-described sintering under pressure.
- the sintering under pressure is performed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and hot pressing, HIP (Hot Isostatic Press), and plasma sintering can be used as a method and apparatus for pressure sintering. These methods or apparatuses can be used alone or in combination of two or more. HIP and hot pressing are preferable, HIP is more preferable, and it is more preferable to perform HIP in combination after hot pressing.
- the non-oxidizing atmosphere is preferably an inert gas atmosphere, and examples of the inert gas include nitrogen gas, argon gas, and helium gas. In particular, argon gas is preferable to obtain a high-purity silicon carbide ceramic sintered body.
- the pressure level is preferably 20 MPa or more, and more preferably 30 MPa or more.
- the upper limit of the degree of pressurization is not particularly limited, but is usually 100 MPa or less due to restrictions imposed by the apparatus.
- the temperature is 1900 to 2400 ° C., preferably 1950 ° C. or higher, more preferably 2000 ° C. or higher. Moreover, 2350 degrees C or less is more preferable. Since the sinterability is poor when the applied pressure is less than 20 MPa, the specific resistance of the silicon carbide ceramic sintered body exceeds 1 ⁇ ⁇ cm, and even when the heating temperature is less than 1900 ° C., the specific resistance easily exceeds 1 ⁇ ⁇ cm. . When the heating temperature exceeds 2400 ° C., the decomposition of the material of the carbon furnace usually used as a sintering apparatus becomes severe.
- the easily sinterable silicon carbide powder of the present invention or the silicon carbide powder-based composition is molded into a required shape as a clay before being subjected to sintering, and sintered under pressure in the state of a molded body.
- the molding is preferably performed by a press molding method or an extrusion molding method.
- Press molding method In press molding, for example, a molded body having a desired shape can be obtained by filling the dried silicon carbide powder-based composition into a mold and pressurizing the mold. Press molding is suitable for obtaining a compact having a complicated shape.
- press molding it is desirable to use the obtained molded body for CIP molding after performing normal press molding. That is, first, a required composition is subjected to normal press molding at room temperature and then depressurized. At this time, the pressure of the press is preferably 50 to 200 kgf / cm 2 . Next, the obtained molded body is pressed using a CIP molding machine (Cold Isostatic Press). CIP molding is performed on a rubber mold having the same mold as the above mold. A molded article can be placed and uniformly pressurized from above, below, left, and right with a medium such as water to obtain a high-density molded body, and the pressing pressure at this time is preferably 500 to 4000 kgf / cm 2 .
- Extrusion molding The silicon carbide powder-based composition is charged into an extrusion molding machine, the screw in the cylinder of the molding machine is rotated, and the composition is continuously extruded from the die. Pass through a hollow electric hot stove. Thereby, the molded object which has a desired shape can be obtained.
- Extrusion molding is suitable for continuously forming a rod-like, tubular or strip-like long article.
- the heating temperature of the electrothermal hot stove is preferably 80 to 500 ° C., particularly preferably 100 to 250 ° C., and the heating time may be selected in the range of 1 to 30 minutes.
- the carbon / silicon element ratio is 0.96 to 1.04, preferably 0.97 to 1.03, more preferably 0.98 to 1.02, and the specific resistance. Is 1 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, preferably 0.5 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less.
- the sintered body has remarkably few free carbon atoms and a small specific resistance.
- the sintered body usually has a nitrogen content of less than 0.1% by mass, preferably 0.05% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.01% by mass or less.
- the total content of Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg and B is less than 1 ppm, preferably 0.5 ppm or less, more preferably 0.1 ppm or less. is there.
- the silicon carbide ceramic sintered body obtained by the pressure sintering method of the present invention was added for the purpose of improving the carbon content derived from the material of the carbon furnace used as a sintering vessel or the releasability from the furnace. Carbon powder may be mixed. In order to remove this carbon, it is desirable to heat in the atmosphere.
- the temperature of this heat treatment is preferably 500 to 1100 ° C, more preferably 600 to 1000 ° C.
- the heating time may be appropriately selected depending on the size of the silicon carbide ceramic sintered body, but is usually selected in the range of 30 minutes to 10 hours. Although heat processing is not restrict
- Plasma resistance test of sintered body A plasma processing apparatus (product name: RIE-10NR) manufactured by Samco Corporation was used. A thin plate made of quartz was placed in the processing chamber, and a sintered body sample was placed thereon. Tetrafluoromethane and oxygen were introduced into the treatment chamber as a mixed gas at a flow rate of 84 mP ⁇ m 3 / s (50 sccm). Plasma was generated under the condition of a high frequency power of 440 W under a reduced pressure condition of a vacuum degree of 10 Pa. The sintered body sample was treated with the plasma for 10 hours. Free carbon contained in the sample was released by plasma, and when the sample was removed after processing, carbon fine powder aggregated and deposited on the thin plate, and black contamination was observed. The presence or absence of the black contamination was determined by observation with the naked eye.
- the above components (A) to (C) were put into a planetary mixer (mixer manufactured by Inoue Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) and stirred for 1 hour at room temperature.
- a curable silicone composition having a viscosity of s was obtained.
- This curable silicone composition was thermally cured at 150 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a cured silicone product.
- the cured silicone was added to a planetary ball mill (trade name: P-5 type, manufactured by Fritsch) and pulverized at a rotation speed of 200 rpm for 6 hours to obtain a cured silicone powder having an average particle size of 12 ⁇ m.
- This silicon carbide powder had a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.01, an average particle size of 9 ⁇ m, and an integrated value ratio of 8%.
- a chart of 13 C-NMR spectrum measured for the silicon carbide powder used is shown in FIG.
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body has an element ratio of carbon / silicon of 1.02, a specific resistance of 4.01 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm, a nitrogen content of 0.0043% by mass, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu , Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, B were less than 1 ppm in total. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- Example 2 (1) Firing in the atmosphere
- the green silicon carbide ceramic sintered body obtained in (4) of Example 1 was heated from room temperature to 900 ° C. for about 3 hours at a heating rate of 300 ° C./hour in the air atmosphere. Then, the temperature of 900 ° C. was maintained for 3 hours, and then cooled to room temperature at a rate of 200 ° C./hour to obtain a green silicon carbide ceramic sintered body.
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body has an element ratio of carbon / silicon of 1.00, a specific resistance of 1.93 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm, a nitrogen content of 0.0005 mass%, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu , Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, B were less than 1 ppm in total. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- Example 3 Manufacture of silicon carbide powder
- the temperature was increased to 2000 ° C. over 20 hours at a heating rate of 100 ° C./hour in an argon gas atmosphere.
- the temperature was kept at 2000 ° C. for 1 hour, and then cooled to room temperature at a rate of 200 ° C./hour to obtain a green silicon carbide powder in the same manner as in Example 1.
- This silicon carbide powder had a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.00, an average particle size of 12 ⁇ m, and an integrated value ratio of 15%.
- a chart of the measured 13 C-NMR spectrum is shown in FIG.
- a green silicon carbide ceramic sintered body was obtained using 500 g of this silicon carbide powder in the same manner as in Example 1.
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body has a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.01, a specific resistance of 6.04 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm, a nitrogen content of 0.0013 mass%, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu , Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, B were less than 1 ppm in total. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- Example 4 (1) Preparation of silicon carbide powder-based composition: 100 parts by mass of the silicon carbide powder obtained in (3) of Example 1 and 3 parts by mass of methyl cellulose (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Metrose) as an organic binder are placed in a planetary ball mill container, For 1 hour. 20 parts by mass of water was added to the obtained mixed powder, and the mixture was put into a planetary mixer and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain a mixture. Thereafter, the mixture was heated at 105 ° C. for 5 hours to evaporate water, and a powdery clay composition was obtained.
- methyl cellulose manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Metrose
- the silicon carbide ceramic sintered body had dimensions of 38 mm long ⁇ 38 mm wide ⁇ 2 mm thick.
- the element ratio of carbon / silicon is 1.03, the specific resistance is 6.08 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm, the nitrogen content is 0.0045% by mass, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Na, Zn, Ca,
- the total content of Zr, Mg, and B was less than 1 ppm. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- Example 5 (1) Firing in the atmosphere: The silicon carbide ceramic sintered body obtained in Example 4 was heated from room temperature to 900 ° C. over about 3 hours at a heating rate of 300 ° C./hour in the air atmosphere, and then the temperature of 900 ° C. was maintained for 3 hours. Then, it was cooled to room temperature at a rate of 200 ° C./hour to obtain a green silicon carbide ceramic sintered body.
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body has a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.01, a specific resistance of 3.08 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm, a nitrogen content of 0.0038%, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, The total content of Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, and B was less than 1 ppm. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- Example 6 In the same manner as in Example 4, 100 parts by mass of the silicon carbide powder obtained in (3) of Example 1 and 6 parts by mass of methyl cellulose as an organic binder were mixed. To the obtained mixed powder, 3 parts by mass of lubricating oil (manufactured by NOF Corporation, trade name: UNILOVE), 1 part by mass of glycerin (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich Japan) and 20 parts by mass of water are added. These were put into a planetary mixer and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain a clay composition.
- lubricating oil manufactured by NOF Corporation, trade name: UNILOVE
- glycerin manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich Japan
- This composition was put into an extrusion molding machine (product name: FM-P20, manufactured by Miyazaki Tekko Co., Ltd.) and continuously extruded from a die having an outer diameter of 10 mm ⁇ inner diameter of 8 mm, and then a piano wire having a length of 10 mm.
- a pipe-like silicon carbide molded body having an outer diameter of 10 mm, an inner diameter of 8 mm, and a length of 10 mm was obtained.
- this molded body was dried in the same manner as in Example 4, a green silicon carbide molded body was obtained.
- the dimensions of this silicon carbide molded body were 9.7 mm outer diameter ⁇ 8.7 mm inner diameter ⁇ 10 mm.
- the silicon carbide molded body thus obtained was sintered under pressure with HIP as in Example 4.
- the obtained sintered body has an outer diameter of 9.5 mm, an inner diameter of 8.5 mm, a length of 9.9 mm, a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.02, and a specific resistance of 8.32 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 ⁇ . -Cmm, nitrogen content 0.0033 mass%, the total content of Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, B was less than 1 ppm. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- Example 7 (1) The silicon carbide ceramic sintered body obtained in Example 6 was heated from room temperature to 900 ° C. at a rate of 300 ° C./hour in the atmosphere over about 3 hours, and then heated at the temperature for 3 hours. Continued. Thereafter, it was cooled to room temperature at a rate of 200 ° C./hour. Thus, a green silicon carbide ceramic sintered body having an outer diameter of 9.0 mm, an inner diameter of 8.2 mm, and a length of 9.3 mm was obtained.
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body has an element ratio of carbon / silicon of 1.00, a specific resistance of 2.90 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm, a nitrogen content of 0.0032% by mass, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu , Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, B were less than 1 ppm in total. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- Example 8 The silicon carbide ceramic sintered body obtained in Example 1 was further heated to 2000 ° C. over 3 hours at a heating rate of 600 ° C./hour under a pressure of 190 MPa and an argon gas atmosphere using HIP. After maintaining the temperature at 1 ° C. for 1 hour, it was allowed to cool to room temperature to obtain a green silicon carbide ceramic sintered body.
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body has an element ratio of carbon / silicon of 1.00, a specific resistance of 4.33 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm, a nitrogen content of 0.0041% by mass, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu , Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, B were less than 1 ppm in total. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- Example 9 The cured silicone material obtained in (1) of Example 1 was ground for 24 hours at a rotational speed of 200 rpm using a planetary ball mill to obtain a cured silicone powder having an average particle size of 6 ⁇ m. Similarly, silicon carbide powder was obtained.
- This silicon carbide powder had a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.01, an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m, and an integrated value ratio of 8%.
- a silicon carbide ceramic sintered body was obtained from this silicon carbide powder using a hot press in the same manner as in Example 1, and then a green silicon carbide ceramic sintered body was obtained using HIP as in Example 8.
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body has a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.00, a specific resistance of 5.63 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm, a nitrogen content of 0.0061% by mass, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu , Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, B were less than 1 ppm in total. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- Example 10 The cured silicone material obtained in (1) of Example 1 was ground for 4 hours at a rotational speed of 200 rpm using a planetary ball mill to obtain a cured silicone powder having an average particle size of 25 ⁇ m. Similarly, silicon carbide powder was obtained.
- the silicon carbide powder had a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.01, an average particle size of 20 ⁇ m, and an integral value ratio of 8%.
- a silicon carbide ceramic sintered body was obtained from this silicon carbide powder using a hot press in the same manner as in Example 1, and then a green silicon carbide ceramic sintered body was obtained using HIP as in Example 8.
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body has a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.01, a specific resistance of 9.94 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm, a nitrogen content of 0.0032 mass%, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu , Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, B were less than 1 ppm in total. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- Example 11 Example 1 except that the cured silicone powder obtained in (1) of Example 1 was ground for 24 hours at a rotational speed of 300 rpm using a planetary ball mill to obtain a cured silicone powder having an average particle size of 2.7 ⁇ m. Similarly, a silicon carbide powder was obtained.
- the silicon carbide powder had a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.00, an average particle size of 2.5 ⁇ m, and an integral value ratio of 8%.
- a silicon carbide ceramic sintered body was obtained from this silicon carbide powder using a hot press in the same manner as in Example 1, and then a green silicon carbide ceramic sintered body was obtained using HIP as in Example 8.
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body has an element ratio of carbon / silicon of 1.00, a specific resistance of 1.14 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ cm, a nitrogen content of 0.0055% by mass, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu , Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, B were less than 1 ppm in total. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- Example 1 A hot press was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a commercially available silicon carbide powder (manufactured by Shinano Denki Co., Ltd., trade name: GC) was used instead of the readily sinterable silicon carbide powder used in Example 1. Then, pressure sintering treatment was performed to obtain a blue-green silicon carbide ceramic sintered body.
- the silicon carbide powder used had a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.01, an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m, and an integral value ratio of 99%.
- a 13 C-NMR chart measured for the silicon carbide powder used is shown in FIG.
- the obtained silicon carbide ceramic sintered body had a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.02 and a specific resistance of 2.86 ⁇ 10 5 ⁇ ⁇ cm.
- the nitrogen content was 0.0137% by mass, and the total content of Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, and B exceeded 100 ppm.
- Example 2 In place of the readily sinterable silicon carbide powder used in Example 1, a commercially available silicon carbide powder (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich Japan Co., Ltd., trade name: nano powder) was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that hot pressing was performed. The pressure sintering process was tried using it.
- the silicon carbide powder used had a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.01, an average particle size of less than 100 nm, and an integrated value ratio of 39%.
- FIG. 4 shows a 13 C-NMR chart measured for the silicon carbide powder used.
- Example 3 The silicon carbide molded body obtained by CIP molding in Example 4 (2) was heated at a rate of temperature increase of 100 ° C./hour for 20 hours in a carbon furnace without applying pressure in an argon gas atmosphere. Was raised to 2000 ° C., and the temperature was maintained for 1 hour. Then, it cooled to room temperature at the speed
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body has a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.01, a nitrogen content of 0.0039% by mass, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, and B. The total content was less than 1 ppm, and the specific resistance was 6.02 ⁇ ⁇ cm. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- Example 6 the silicon carbide molded body obtained by extrusion molding was heated to 2000 ° C. over 20 hours at a heating rate of 100 ° C./hour in an argon gas atmosphere in a carbon furnace without applying pressure. The temperature was raised and maintained at 2000 ° C. for 1 hour, and then cooled to room temperature at a rate of 200 ° C./hour to obtain a silicon carbide ceramic sintered body having an outer diameter of 10 mm ⁇ inner diameter of 8 mm ⁇ length of 10 mm.
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body has a specific resistance of 2.55 ⁇ 10 1 ⁇ ⁇ cm, a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.01, a nitrogen content of 0.0032% by mass, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, The total content of Cu, Na, Zn, Ca, Zr, Mg, and B was less than 1 ppm. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- the silicon carbide powder had a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.01, an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m, and an integral value ratio of 8%.
- This silicon carbide powder was sintered using a hot press in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a silicon carbide ceramic sintered body.
- This silicon carbide ceramic sintered body has a carbon / silicon element ratio of 1.02, a specific resistance of 3.05 ⁇ ⁇ cm, a nitrogen content of 0.0033% by mass, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Cu, Na, Zn , Ca, Zr, Mg, B total content was less than 1 ppm. In the plasma resistance test, no contamination was observed.
- the black powder thus obtained was subjected to pressure sintering using a hot press in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a black sintered body. Elemental analysis of this black sintered body revealed a C / Si element ratio of 1.05.
- the silicon carbide powder of the present invention is useful for the production of a dense silicon carbide molded body that is pure and particularly contains little free carbon.
- the silicon carbide molded body is useful for a board, a process tube, or the like in a process of heat-treating a semiconductor wafer or thermally diffusing a trace element in the semiconductor wafer.
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Abstract
Description
炭素/ケイ素の元素比率が0.96~1.04であり、かつ、平均粒径が1.0~100μmであり、かつ、13C-NMRスペクトルにおいてケミカルシフトが0~30ppmの範囲における吸収強度の積分値の、0~170ppmの範囲における吸収強度の積分値に対する比が20%以下である、易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末を提供する。
硬化シリコーン粉末を非酸化性雰囲気下で加熱分解することにより炭化ケイ素粉末を得ことを含む、上記易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末の製造方法を提供する。
上記の易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末と、
有機バインダー、炭素粉末又はこれらの組み合わせと、
を含む炭化ケイ素粉末系組成物を提供する。該組成物は坏土として有用である。
炭素/ケイ素の元素比が0.96~1.04であり、かつ比抵抗が1Ω・cm以下の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を提供する。
上記の易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末を、単独で、あるいは、該易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末と有機バインダー及び炭素粉末の少なくとも1種とを含む組成物の状態で、加圧下で焼結することを含む、上記の炭素/ケイ素の元素比が0.96~1.04であり、かつ比抵抗が1Ω・cm以下の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を製造する方法を提供する。
本発明の易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末は、炭素/ケイ素の元素比率が0.96~1.04であり、かつ、平均粒径が1.0~100μmであり、かつ、13C-NMRスペクトルにおいてケミカルシフトが0~30ppmの範囲における吸収強度の積分値の、0~170ppmの範囲における吸収強度の積分値に対する比(以下、「積分値比」という)が20%以下であるという特徴を有する。該積分値比が20%を超えると、焼結性が低下し、後述する加圧下での焼結を行っても緻密な焼結体が得られないため、得られる焼結体の比抵抗が大きくなる。
上記の易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末は、硬化シリコーン粉末を非酸化性雰囲気下で加熱分解し、必要に応じて所望の平均粒径、即ち、平均粒径1.0~100μmの範囲内の平均粒子径、に粉砕することにより製造することができる。
この方法において出発材料として用いる硬化シリコーン粉末は硬化性シリコーン組成物を成形、硬化することにより製造することができる。
・有機過酸化物硬化性シリコーン組成物:
有機過酸化物硬化性シリコーン組成物として、具体的には、例えば、
(a)ケイ素原子に結合したアルケニル基を少なくとも2個含有するオルガノポリシロキサン及び
(b)有機過酸化物及び任意成分として
(c)ケイ素原子に結合した水素原子(即ち、SiH基)を少なくとも2個含有するオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサン 全硬化性シリコーン組成物中のアルケニル基1モル当たり、本(c)成分中のケイ素原子に結合した水素原子の量が0.1~2モルとなる量
を含有する有機過酸化物硬化性シリコーン組成物があげられる。
(a)成分のオルガノポリシロキサンは、有機過酸化物硬化性シリコーン組成物のベースポリマーである。(a)成分のオルガノポリシロキサンの重合度は特に限定されず、(a)成分としては、25℃で液状のオルガノポリシロキサンから生ゴム状のオルガノポリシロキサンまで使用できるが、平均重合度が好ましくは50~20,000、より好ましくは100~10,000、更により好ましくは100~2,000程度のオルガノポリシロキサンが好適に使用される。また、(a)成分のオルガノポリシロキサンは、基本的には、原料の入手のしやすさの観点から、分子鎖がジオルガノシロキサン単位(R1 2SiO2/2単位)の繰返しからなり、分子鎖両末端がトリオルガノシロキシ基(R1 3SiO1/2)もしくはヒドロキシジオルガノシロキシ基((HO)R1 2SiO1/2単位)で封鎖された、分岐を有しない直鎖構造、又は分子鎖が該ジオルガノシロキサン単位の繰返しからなる、分岐を有しない環状構造を有するが、三官能性シロキサン単位やSiO2単位等の分岐状構造を部分的に含有してもよい。ここで、R1は下に説明する式(1)において定義の通りである。
R1 aSiO(4-a)/2 (1)
(式中、R1は同一又は異種の非置換もしくは置換の、炭素原子数が1~10、より好ましくは1~8の一価炭化水素基を表し、R1の50~99モル%はアルケニル基であり、aは1.5~2.8、より好ましくは1.8から2.5、さらにより好ましくは1.95~2.05の範囲の正数である。)で示され、一分子中に少なくとも2個のアルケニル基を有するオルガノポリシロキサンが用いられる。
(b)成分は、有機過酸化物硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物において(a)成分の架橋反応を促進するための触媒として使用される有機過酸化物である。(b)成分としては、(a)成分の架橋反応を促進することができる限り、従来公知の有機過酸化物を使用することができる。その具体例としては、ベンソイルパーオキサイド、2,4-ジクロロベンソイルパーオキサイド、p-メチルベンソイルパーオキサイド、o-メチルベンソイルパーオキサイド、2,4-ジクミルパーオキサイド、2,5-ジメチル-ビス(2,5-t-ブチルパーオキシ)へキサン、ジ-t-ブチルパーオキサイド、t-ブチルパーベンゾエート、1,1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシカルボキシ)へキサン等が挙げられるが特にこれらに限定されるものではない。
任意成分である(c)成分のオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサンは、ケイ素原子に結合した水素原子(SiH基)を少なくとも2個(通常2~200個)、好ましくは3個以上(通常3~100個)含有する。(a)成分単独でも(b)成分を添加し、加熱することで硬化させることが可能であるが、(c)成分を添加することで、(a)成分単独の場合と比べて、(a)成分と反応しやすいため、より低温かつ短時間で、硬化させることができる。(c)成分の分子構造は特に限定されず、例えば、線状、環状、分岐状、三次元網状(樹脂状)等の、従来製造されているいずれのオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサンも(c)成分として使用することができる。(c)成分が線状構造を有する場合、SiH基は、分子鎖末端及び分子鎖末端でない部分のどちらか一方でのみケイ素原子に結合していても、その両方でケイ素原子に結合していてもよい。また、1分子中のケイ素原子の数(又は重合度)が、通常、2~300個、好ましくは4~150個程度であり、室温(25℃)において液状であるオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサンが、(c)成分として好ましく使用できる。
R2 bHcSiO(4-b-c)/2 (2)
(式中、R2は同一又は異種の非置換もしくは置換の、脂肪族不飽和結合を含有しない、炭素原子数が1~10、より好ましくは1~8の一価炭化水素基であり、b及びcは、好ましくは0.7≦b≦2.1、0.001≦c≦1.0、かつ0.8≦b+c≦3.0、より好ましくは1.0≦b≦2.0、0.01≦c≦1.0、かつ1.5≦b+c≦2.5を満足する正数である。)
で示されるオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサンが用いられる。上記R2としては、例えば、上記平均組成式(1)中のR1と同様の基(ただし、アルケニル基を除く。)が挙げられる。
紫外線硬化性シリコーン組成物として、具体的には、例えば
(d)紫外線反応性オルガノポリシロキサン、及び
(e)光重合開始剤
を含有する紫外線硬化性シリコーン組成物が挙げられる。
(d)成分の紫外線反応性オルガノポリシロキサンは、通常、紫外線硬化性シリコーン組成物においてベースポリマーとして作用する。(d)成分は、特に限定されず、好ましくは1分子中に少なくとも2個、より好ましくは2~20個、特に好ましくは2~10個の紫外線反応性基を有するオルガノポリシロキサンである。このオルガノポリシロキサン中に複数存在する前記紫外線硬化性基は、すべて同一でも異なっていてもよい。
(d)成分の好ましい一形態として例えば、下記一般式(3a);
又は下記一般式(3b);
で表される少なくとも2個の紫外線反応性基を有するオルガノポリシロキサンが挙げられる。
(e)成分の光重合開始剤は、前記(d)成分中の紫外線反応性基の光重合を促進させる作用を有する。(e)成分は特に限定されず、その具体例としては、アセトフェノン、プロピオフェノン、ベンゾフェノン、キサントール、フルオレイン、ベンズアルデヒド、アンスラキノン、トリフェニルアミン、4-メチルアセトフェノン、3-ペンチルアセトフェノン、4-メトキシアセトフェノン、3-ブロモアセトフェノン、4-アリルアセトフェノン、p-ジアセチルベンゼン、3-メトキシベンゾフェノン、4-メチルベンゾフェノン、4-クロロベンゾフェノン、4,4’-ジメトキシベンゾフェノン、4-クロロ-4’-ベンジルベンゾフェノン、3-クロロキサントン、3,9-ジクロロキサントン、3-クロロ-8-ノニルキサントン、ベンゾイン、ベンゾインメチルエーテル、ベンゾインブチルエーテル、ビス(4-ジメチルアミノフェニル)ケトン、ベンジルメトキシアセタール、2-クロロチオキサントン、ジエチルアセトフェノン、1-ヒドロキシクロロフェニルケトン、1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン、2-メチル-(4-(メチルチオ)フェニル)-2-モルホリノ-1-プロパン、2,2-ジメトキシ-2-フェニルアセトフェノン、ジエトキシアセトフェノン及び2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニルプロパン-1-オン等が挙げられ、好ましくは高純度の観点からベンゾフェノン、4-メトキシアセトフェノン、4-メチルベンゾフェノン、ジエトキシアセトフェノン、1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン及び2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニルプロパン-1-オンが挙げられ、より好ましくはジエトキシアセトフェノン、1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン及び2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニルプロパン-1-オンが挙げられる。これらの光重合開始剤は1種単独で用いても2種以上を併用してもよい。
付加硬化性シリコーン組成物として、具体的には、例えば
(f)ケイ素原子に結合したアルケニル基を少なくとも2個含有するオルガノポリシロキサン、
(g)ケイ素原子に結合した水素原子(即ち、SiH基)を少なくとも2個含有するオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサン 全硬化性シリコーン組成物中のアルケニル基1モル当たり、本(g)成分中のケイ素原子に結合した水素原子の量が0.1~5モルとなる量、及び
(h)白金族金属系触媒 有効量
を含有する付加硬化性シリコーン組成物が挙げられる。
(f)成分のオルガノポリシロキサンは、付加硬化性シリコーン組成物のベースポリマーであり、ケイ素原子に結合したアルケニル基を少なくとも2個含有する。(f)成分としては公知のオルガノポリシロキサンを使用することが出来る。ゲルパーミッションクロマトグラフィー(以下、「GPC」とする。)により測定された(f)成分のオルガノポリシロキサンの重量平均分子量はポリスチレン換算で好ましくは3,000~300,000程度である。さらに(f)成分のオルガノポリシロキサンの25℃に置ける粘度は、100~1,000,000mPa.sであることが好ましく、1,000~100,000mPa.s程度であることが特に好ましい。100mPa.s以下であると曳糸性が低く、繊維の細径化が困難となり、1,000,000mPa.s以上では取扱が困難となる。(f)成分のオルガノポリシロキサンは、基本的には、原料の入手のしやすさの観点から、分子鎖(主鎖)がジオルガノシロキサン単位(R7 2SiO2/2単位)の繰返しからなり、分子鎖両末端がトリオルガノシロキシ基(R7 3SiO1/2)で封鎖された、分岐を有しない直鎖状構造、又は分子鎖が該ジオルガノシロキサン単位の繰返しからなる、分岐を有しない環状構造を有するが、R7SiO3/2単位やSiO4/2単位を含んだ分岐状構造を部分的に有してもよい。ここで、R7は下に説明する式(4)に関して述べる通りである。
R7 lSiO(4-l)/2 (4)
(式中、R7は、同一又は異種の、非置換もしくは置換の、炭素原子数が1~10、より好ましくは1~8の一価炭化水素基であり、lは好ましくは1.5~2.8、より好ましくは1.8から2.5、さらにより好ましくは1.95~2.05の範囲の正数である。)で示され、一分子中に少なくとも2個のアルケニル基を有するオルガノポリシロキサンが用いられる。上記R7としては、例えば、上記平均組成式(1)中のR1について例示した基が挙げられる。
(g)成分のオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサンは、ケイ素原子に結合した水素原子(SiH基)を少なくとも2個(通常2~200個)、好ましくは3個以上(通常3~100個)含有する。(g)成分は、(f)成分と反応し架橋剤として作用する。(g)成分の分子構造は特に限定されず、例えば、線状、環状、分岐状、三次元網状(樹脂状)等の、従来製造されているいずれのオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサンも(b)成分として使用することができる。(g)成分が線状構造を有する場合、SiH基は、分子鎖末端及び分子鎖末端でない部分のどちらか一方でのみケイ素原子に結合していても、その両方でケイ素原子に結合していてもよい。また、1分子中のケイ素原子の数(又は重合度)が、通常、2~300個、好ましくは4~150個程度であり、室温(25℃)において液状であるオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサンが、(g)成分として好ましく使用できる。
R8 pHqSiO(4-p-q)/2 (5)
(式中、R8は同一又は異種の非置換もしくは置換の、脂肪族不飽和結合を有しない、炭素原子数が1~10、より好ましくは1~8の一価炭化水素基であり、p及びqは、好ましくは0.7≦p≦2.1、0.001≦q≦1.0、かつ0.8≦p+q≦3.0、より好ましくは1.0≦p≦2.0、0.01≦q≦1.0、かつ1.5≦p+q≦2.5を満足する正数である。)
で示されるオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサンが用いられる。上記R8としては、例えば、上記平均組成式(1)中のR1について例示した基(ただし、アルケニル基を除く。)が挙げられる。
また、該添加量が上記SiHの量が5.0モルより多くなる量であると該硬化反応物中に脱水素反応による発泡が生じてしまい、さらに該硬化反応物の強度及び耐熱性が悪影響を受ける。
(h)成分の白金族金属系触媒は、(f)成分と(g)成分との付加硬化反応(ヒドロシリル化反応)を促進させるための触媒として使用される。(h)成分としては、公知の白金族金属系触媒を用いることができるが、白金もしくは白金化合物を用いることがこのましい。(h)成分の具体例としては、白金黒、塩化第二白金、塩化白金酸、塩化白金酸のアルコール変性物、塩化白金酸とオレフィン、アルデヒド、ビニルシロキサン又はアセチレンアルコール類との錯体が挙げられる。
縮合硬化性シリコーン組成物として、具体的には、例えば、
(i)シラノール基(即ちケイ素原子結合水酸基)又はケイ素原子結合加水分解性基を少なくとも2個、好ましくは分子鎖両末端に含有するオルガノポリシロキサン、
(j)任意成分として、加水分解性シラン及び/又はその部分加水分解縮合物、ならびに
(k)任意成分として、縮合反応触媒
を含有する縮合硬化性シリコーン組成物が挙げられる。
(i)成分はシラノール基又はケイ素原子結合加水分解性基を少なくとも2個含有するオルガノポリシロキサンであり、縮合硬化性シリコーン組成物のベースポリマーである。(i)成分のオルガノポリシロキサンは、基本的には、原料の入手のしやすさの観点から、分子鎖(主鎖)がジオルガノシロキサン単位(R9 2SiO2/2単位)の繰返しからなり、分子鎖両末端がトリオルガノシロキシ基(R9 3SiO1/2)で封鎖された、分岐を有しない直鎖状構造、又は分子鎖が該ジオルガノシロキサン単位の繰返しからなる、分岐を有しない環状構造を有するが、分岐状構造を部分的に含有してもよい。ここで、R9は非置換もしくは置換の、炭素原子数が1~10、より好ましくは1~8の一価炭化水素基を表す。
R1について例示したものと同じ非置換又は置換の一価炭化水素基が挙げられる。
(i)成分としては、例えば、
が挙げられる。
(j)成分の加水分解性シラン及び/又はその部分加水分解縮合物は任意成分であり、硬化剤として作用する。ベースポリマーである(i)成分がケイ素原子結合加水分解性基を1分子中に少なくとも2個含有するオルガノポリシロキサンである場合には、(j)成分を縮合硬化性シリコーン組成物に添加するのを省略することができる。(j)成分としては、1分子中に少なくとも3個のケイ素原子結合加水分解性基を含有するシラン及び/又はその部分加水分解縮合物(即ち、少なくとも1個、好ましくは2個以上の加水分解性基が残存するオルガノポリシロキサン)が好適に使用される。
R10 rSiX4-r (6)
(式中、R10は非置換もしくは置換の、炭素原子数が1~10、より好ましくは1~8の一価炭化水素基、Xは加水分解性基、rは0又は1である。)で表されるものが好ましく用いられる。前記R10としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基等のアルキル基;フェニル基、トリル基等のアリール基;ビニル基、アリル基等のアルケニル基が特に好ましくあげられる。
(k)成分の縮合反応触媒は任意成分であり、上記(j)成分の加水分解性シラン及び/又はその部分加水分解縮合物が、例えば、アミノキシ基、アミノ基、ケトオキシム基を有する場合には使用しなくてもよい。(k)成分の縮合反応触媒としては、例えばテトラブチルチタネート、テトライソブロピルチタネート、等の有機チタン酸エステル;ジイソプロポキシビス(アセチルアセトナート)チタン、ジイソプロポキシビス(エチルアセトアセテート)チタン等の有機チタンキレート化合物;アルミニウムトリス(アセチルアセトナート)、アルミニウムトリス(エチルアセトアセテート)等の有機アルミニウム化合物;ジルコニウムテトラ(アセチルアセトナート)、ジルコニウムテトラブチレート等の有機ジルコニウム化合物;ジブチルスズジオクトエート、ジブチルスズジラウレート、ジブチルスズジ(2-エチルヘキサノエート)等の有機スズ化合物;ナフテン酸スズ、オレイン酸スズ、ブチル酸スズ、ナフテン酸コバルト、ステアリン酸亜鉛等の有機カルボン酸の金属塩;アンモニア;へキシルアミン、リン酸ドデシルアミン等のアミン化合物、及びその塩;ベンジルトリエチルアンモニウムアセテート等の4級アンモニウム塩;酢酸カリウム、硝酸リチウム等のアルカリ金属の低級脂肪酸塩;ジメチルヒドロキシルアミン、ジエチルヒドロキシルアミン等のジアルキルヒドロキシルアミン:グアニジル基含有有機珪素化合物等が挙げられる。これらは1種単独でも2種以上を組み合わせても使用することができる。
以上説明した各種硬化型のシリコーン組成物には必要に応じて他の成分を添加することができる。
硬化性シリコーン組成物を成形、硬化させるには、従来公知の方法を利用することができる。このような方法として、例えば、硬化性オルガノポリシロキサンを噴霧状態で加熱硬化させる方法(特開昭59-68333号公報)、ホモミキサー、ホモジェナイザー、マイクロフルイダイザー又はコロイドミルを用いて硬化性オルガノポリシロキサンを水中に乳化した後、硬化させる方法(特開昭56-36546号公報、特開昭62-243621号公報、特開昭62-257939号公報、特開昭63-77942号公報、特開昭63-202658号公報、特開平1-306471号公報、特開平3-93834号公報、特開平3-95268号公報、特開平11-293111号公報、特開2001-2786号公報、特開2001-113147号公報)、硬化型オルガノポリシロキサンをノズルを通して水中に投入した後、水中で硬化させる方法(特開昭61-223032号公報、特開平1-178523号公報、特開平2-6109号公報)が提案されている。
上記硬化シリコーン粉末は、非酸化性雰囲気下でさらに高温で加熱処理され、加熱分解することにより、炭化ケイ素粉末となる。
本発明の易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末は上述の製造方法により製造することができるが、場合によっては別の炭化ケイ素粉末を配合して調製してもよい。
本発明の炭化ケイ素粉末系組成物は、
上記の易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末と、
有機バインダー、炭素粉末又はこれらの組み合わせと、
を含む炭化ケイ素粉末系組成物である。
本発明によれば、上記の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体の製造方法として、上記の易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末を加圧下で焼結することを含む製造方法が提供される。
該焼結を行う際には、該易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末とともに、有機バインダー及び/又は炭素粉末を含む前記組成物として上記の加圧下の焼結に供してもよい。
非酸化性雰囲気としては、好ましくは不活性ガス雰囲気であり、不活性ガスとしては、例えば窒素ガス、アルゴンガス、ヘリウムガス等が挙げられる。特に高純度の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を得るにはアルゴンガスが好ましい。
・プレス成形法:
プレス成形は、例えば、乾燥した前記炭化ケイ素粉末系組成物を金型に充填して、金型を加圧することにより、所望の形状を有する成形体を得ることが出来る。プレス成形は複雑な形状の成形体を得るのに適している。
上記炭化ケイ素粉末系組成物を押出成形機に投入し、該成形機のシリンダー内のスクリューを回転させ、組成物を連続的にダイから押出した後、ダイ出口近くに配置した長さ1~2mの中空の電熱式熱風炉を通過させる。これにより、所望の形状を有する成形体を得ることが出来る。押出成形は棒状、管状又は帯状の長尺物を連続的に成形するのに適している。この場合、電熱式熱風炉の加熱温度は80~500℃、特に100~250℃が好ましく、加熱時間は1~30分間の範囲で選択すればよい。
以上説明した加圧下の焼結方法によれば、炭素/ケイ素の元素比が0.96~1.04、好ましくは0.97~1.03、より好ましくは0.98~1.02であり、かつ比抵抗が1Ω・cm以下、好ましくは0.5Ω・cm以下の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体が得られる。該焼結体は遊離炭素原子が著しく少なく、比抵抗も小さい。
該焼結体は、通常、窒素含有率が0.1質量%未満であり、好ましくは0.05質量%以下、より好ましくは0.01質量%以下である。また、Fe、Cr、Ni、Al、Ti、Cu、Na、Zn、Ca、Zr、Mg及びBの合計含有量が1ppm未満であり、好ましくは0.5ppm以下、さらに好ましくは0.1ppm以下である。
本発明の加圧焼結法により得られた炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体には、焼結の容器として用いた炭素炉の材料由来の炭素分または炉との離型性を向上させる目的で加えた炭素粉末が混入している場合がある。この炭素を除くため大気雰囲気加熱することが望ましい。この加熱処理の温度は500~1100℃が好ましく、特に600~1000℃がより好ましい。加熱時間は、炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体の大きさに依存して適宜選択すればよいが、通常30分間~10時間の範囲で選択すればよい。加熱処理は制限されるものではないが通常常圧下でよい。
また各測定方法は以下のとおりである。
炭素:炭素分析装置(LECO社製、商品名:CS230)
酸素、窒素、水素:酸素、窒素、水素分析装置(LECO社製、商品名:TCH600)
ケイ素:上記以外残分
・平均粒子径の測定:
レーザー回折・散乱式粒子測定装置
・13C-NMR積分値の測定:
固体NMR(13C-DDMAS)
・不純物元素の測定:
ICP発光分析(JIS R 1616準拠)
・比抵抗の測定:
交流4端子方式(JIS R 1661準拠)
サムコ株式会社製プラズマ処理装置(製品名:RIE-10NR)を使用した。処理室内に石英からなる薄板を置き、その上に焼結体試料を置いた。処理室内にテトラフロロメタン及び酸素をおのおの84mP・m3/s(50sccm)の流量で混合ガスとして導入した。真空度10Paの減圧条件にて高周波電力440Wの条件でプラズマを発生させた。該プラズマで前記焼結体試料を10時間処理した。試料に含まれる遊離の炭素分はプラズマにより放出され、処理後に試料を取り除くと上記薄板上に炭素微粉末が凝集し堆積し、黒色汚染が認められた。該黒色汚染の有無を肉眼で観察し判定した。
(炭化ケイ素粉末の製造)
(1)硬化シリコーン粉末の製造:
材料:
(A)下式で表される一分子中にアルケニル基を含有するジメチルポリシロキサン 100質量部、
(B)ベンゾイルパーオキサイド 0.5質量部
(C)下式で表されるケイ素原子に結合する水素原子を有するジオルガノポリシロキサン 33質量部、
このシリコーン硬化物を遊星ボールミル(フリッチュ社製、商品名:P-5型)に加え、200rpmの回転速度にて6時間粉砕を行い、平均粒径12μmの硬化シリコーン粉末を得た。
こうして得られた硬化シリコーン粉末をアルミナボートに入れ、雰囲気炉中で、アルゴンガス雰囲気下、100℃/時間の昇温速度で室温から1000℃まで約10時間かけて加熱し、続けて1000℃の温度を1時間保持した。その後、200℃/時間の速度で室温まで冷却した。これにより実質的に炭素、ケイ素及び酸素からなる黒色の無機粉末を得た。
次に、この黒色無機粉末をカーボン製容器に入れた状態でカーボン炉内で、アルゴンガス雰囲気下、100℃/時間の昇温速度で17時間かけて温度を1700℃まで高め、その1700℃を1時間保持した後、200℃/時間の速度で室温まで冷却した。こうして緑色の炭化ケイ素粉末を得た。
こうして得られた炭化ケイ素粉末500gを直径50mm×深さ240mmのカーボン型に投入し、ホットプレスを用いて圧力30MPaを加圧したまま、アルゴンガス雰囲気下、100℃/時間の昇温速度で21時間かけて温度を2100℃まで高め、その1700℃を1時間保持した後、200℃/時間の速度で室温まで冷却し、カーボン型から取り出し、緑色の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を得た。
(1)大気中での焼成
実施例1の(4)で得た緑色の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を、大気雰囲気下で300℃/時間の昇温速度で室温から900℃まで約3時間かけて加熱し、続けて900℃の温度を3時間保持し、その後、200℃/時間の速度で室温まで冷却し緑色の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を得た。
(炭化ケイ素粉末の製造)
実施例1の(2)で得られた無機粉末をカーボン製容器に入れた状態でカーボン炉内で、アルゴンガス雰囲気下、100℃/時間の昇温速度で20時間かけて温度を2000℃まで高め、その2000℃を1時間保持した後、200℃/時間の速度で室温まで冷却した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、緑色の炭化ケイ素粉末を得た。この炭化ケイ素粉末は炭素/ケイ素の元素比率が1.00であり、平均粒径が12μmであり、かつ、積分値比は15%であった。測定した13C-NMRスペクトルのチャートを図2に示す。この炭化ケイ素粉末500gを、実施例1と同様にして、緑色の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を得た。
(1)炭化ケイ素粉末系組成物の調製:
実施例1の(3)で得られた炭化ケイ素粉末100質量部と有機バインダーとしてメチルセルロース(信越化学工業(株)製、商品名:メトローズ)3質量部とを遊星型ボールミルの容器に入れ、室温にて一時間混合を行った。得られた混合粉に水20質量部を加え、混合物をプラネタリーミキサーに投入し、室温にて一時間攪拌して混合物を得た。その後、該混合物を105℃で5時間に渡って加熱し水分を蒸発させ、粉末状の坏土組成物を得た。
(1)で得た坏土組成物を金型にいれ10MPaの圧力にて5分間プレスを行い、縦40mm×横40mm×厚さ2mmのシート状の成形物を得た。さらにこの成形物をゴム型にいれ、CIP成形機、((株)神戸製鋼所製、商品名:Dr.CIP)により200MPaの圧力にて1時間のプレスを行い、炭化ケイ素成形体を得た。この炭化ケイ素成形体の寸法は縦39mm×横39mm×厚さ2mmであった。
(2)得られた炭化ケイ素成形体をHIP((株)神戸製鋼所製、商品名:SYS50X-SB)を用いて圧力190MPaを加えた状態で、アルゴンガス雰囲気下、600℃/時間の昇温速度で3時間かけて温度を2000℃まで高め、その2000℃を1時間保持した後、室温まで放冷し、緑色の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を得た。
(1)大気中での焼成:
実施例4で得られた炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を、大気雰囲気下で300℃/時間の昇温速度で室温から900℃まで約3時間かけて加熱し、続けて900℃の温度を3時間保持し、その後、200℃/時間の速度で室温まで冷却し、緑色の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を得た。
実施例1の(3)で得られた炭化ケイ素粉末100質量部と有機バインダーとしてメチルセルロース6質量部とを、実施例4と同様にして混合した。得られた混合粉に、潤滑油(日油(株)製、商品名:ユニルーブ)3質量部、可塑剤としてグリセリン(シグマアルドリッチジャパン(株)製)1質量部、及び水20質量部を加え、これらをプラネタリーミキサーに投入し、室温にて一時間攪拌して坏土組成物を得た。
(1)実施例6で得た炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を、大気雰囲気中で、300℃/時の速度で室温から900℃まで約3時間かけて昇温し、その後該温度で3時間加熱を継続した。その後、200℃/時の速度で室温まで冷却した。こうして、外径9.0mm×内径8.2mm×長さ9.3mmの緑色の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を得た。この炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体は、炭素/ケイ素の元素比率が1.00であり、比抵抗が2.90×10-2Ω・cm、窒素含有率0.0032質量%、Fe、Cr、Ni、Al、Ti、Cu、Na、Zn、Ca、Zr、Mg、Bの合計含有率が1ppm未満であった。耐プラズマ試験ではまったく汚染は認められなかった。
実施例1で得られた炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体をさらに、HIPを用いて圧力190MPa、アルゴンガス雰囲気下、600℃/時間の昇温速度で3時間かけて温度を2000℃まで高め、その2000℃を1時間保持した後、室温まで放冷し、緑色の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を得た。
実施例1の(1)で得られたシリコーン硬化物を遊星ボールミルを用いて200rpmの回転速度にて24時間粉砕を行うことにより平均粒径6μmの硬化シリコーン粉末を得た以外は実施例1と同様に炭化ケイ素粉末を得た。
実施例1の(1)で得られたシリコーン硬化物を遊星ボールミルを用いて200rpmの回転速度にて4時間粉砕を行うことにより平均粒径25μmの硬化シリコーン粉末を得た以外は実施例1と同様に炭化ケイ素粉末を得た。
実施例1の(1)で得られたシリコーン硬化物を遊星ボールミルを用いて300rpmの回転速度にて24時間粉砕を行うことにより平均粒径2.7μmの硬化シリコーン粉末を得た以外は実施例1と同様に炭化ケイ素粉末を得た。
実施例1で使用した易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末の代わりに市販の炭化ケイ素粉末(信濃電気精錬(株)製、商品名:GC)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にホットプレスを用いて加圧焼結処理を行い、青緑色の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を得た。使用した該炭化ケイ素粉末は、炭素/ケイ素の元素比率が1.01であり、平均粒径が10μmであり、積分値比は99%であった。使用した炭化ケイ素粉末について測定した13C-NMRのチャートを図3に示す。
実施例1で使用した易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末の代わりに市販の炭化ケイ素粉末(シグマアルドリッチジャパン(株)製、商品名:ナノパウダー)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にホットプレスを用いて加圧焼結処理を試みた。使用した該炭化ケイ素粉末は、炭素/ケイ素の元素比率が1.01であり、平均粒径が100nm未満であり、積分値比は39%であった。使用した炭化ケイ素粉末について測定した13C-NMRのチャートを図4に示す。
実施例4の(2)で、CIP成形により得た炭化ケイ素成形体を、加圧を行わずにカーボン炉内で、アルゴンガス雰囲気下、100℃/時間の昇温速度で20時間かけて温度を2000℃まで高め、その2000℃を1時間保持した。その後、200℃/時間の速度で室温まで冷却し、縦39mm×横39mm×厚さ2mmの緑色の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を得た。この炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体は炭素/ケイ素の元素比率が1.01であり、窒素含有率0.0039質量%、Fe、Cr、Ni、Al、Ti、Cu、Na、Zn、Ca、Zr、Mg、Bの合計含有率が1ppm未満であり、比抵抗が6.02Ω・cmであった。耐プラズマ試験ではまったく汚染は認められなかった。
実施例6で、押出成形により得た炭化ケイ素成形体を、加圧を行わずにカーボン炉内で、アルゴンガス雰囲気下、100℃/時間の昇温速度で20時間かけて温度を2000℃まで高め、その2000℃を1時間保持した後、200℃/時間の速度で室温まで冷却し、外径10mm×内径8mm×長さ10mmの炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を得た。この炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体は、比抵抗が2.55×101Ω・cmであり、炭素/ケイ素の元素比率が1.01であり、窒素含有率0.0032質量%、Fe、Cr、Ni、Al、Ti、Cu、Na、Zn、Ca、Zr、Mg、Bの合計含有率が1ppm未満であった。耐プラズマ試験ではまったく汚染は認められなかった。
実施例1の(1)で得られたシリコーン硬化物を遊星ボールミルを用いて400rpmの回転速度にて24時間粉砕を行うことにより平均粒径0.6μmの硬化シリコーン粉末を得た以外は実施例1と同様に炭化ケイ素粉末を得た。
テトラエトキシシラン(信越化学工業(株)製)100gとフェノール(シグマアルドリッチジャパン(株)製)300gを100℃/時の速度で室温から1000℃まで約10時間かけて昇温し、続けて1000℃の温度で1時間加熱を継続した。その後、200℃/時の速度で室温まで冷却した。これにより実質的に炭素、ケイ素及び酸素からなる黒色の無機粉末を得た。次に、この黒色無機粉末をカーボン製容器に入れた状態でカーボン炉内で、アルゴンガス雰囲気下、100℃/時の速度で17時間かけて1700℃まで昇温し、その1700℃を1時間保持した後、200℃/時の速度で室温まで冷却した。こうして黒色の粉末を得た。この黒色の粉末について元素分析を行ったところC/Si元素比が1.05であった。平均粒径は5.0μmであり、積分値比は99%であった。耐プラズマ試験では黒色微粉末汚染が認められた。
Claims (17)
- 炭素/ケイ素の元素比率が0.96~1.04であり、かつ、平均粒径が1.0~100μmであり、かつ、13C-NMRスペクトルにおいてケミカルシフトが0~30ppmの範囲における吸収強度の積分値の、0~170ppmの範囲における吸収強度の積分値に対する比が20%以下である、易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末。
- 硬化シリコーン粉末を非酸化性雰囲気下で加熱分解することにより炭化ケイ素粉末を得ことを含む、請求項1に記載の易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末の製造方法。
- 前記の得られた炭化ケイ素粉末を粉砕して所要の平均粒径にする工程を含む請求項2に係る易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末と、
有機バインダー、炭素粉末又はこれらの組み合わせと、
を含む炭化ケイ素粉末系組成物。 - 炭素/ケイ素の元素比が0.96~1.04であり、かつ比抵抗が1Ω・cm以下の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体。
- 請求項5に係る炭化ケイ素セラミック焼結体であって、窒素含有率が0.1質量%未満であり、Fe、Cr、Ni、Al、Ti、Cu、Na、Zn、Ca、Zr、Mg及びBの合計含有量が1ppm未満である炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体。
- 請求項1に記載の易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末を、単独で、あるいは、該易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末と有機バインダー及び炭素粉末の少なくとも1種とを含む組成物の状態で、加圧下で焼結することを含む、請求項5に記載の炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体を製造する方法。
- 請求項7に係る製造方法であって、前記の易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末又は前記の易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末と有機バインダー及び炭素粉末の少なくとも1種とを含む組成物を、所要の形状に成形し、得られた成形体の状態で前記の加圧下の焼結に供する製造方法。
- 請求項8に係る製造方法であって、前記の成形をプレス成形法又は押出成形法により行う製造方法。
- 請求項8に係る製造方法であって、前記の成形を、プレス成形で行い、次にCIP成形で行う製造方法。
- 請求項7に係る製造方法であって、前記加圧下での焼結が非酸化性雰囲気下、1900~2400℃の温度、20MPa以上の圧力の条件で行われる製造方法。
- 請求項11に係る製造方法であって、前記非酸化性雰囲気が不活性ガス雰囲気である製造方法。
- 請求項12に係る製造方法であって、前記不活性ガスがアルゴンガスである製造方法。
- 請求項7に係る製造方法であって、前記加圧下での焼結がホットプレス、HIP及びプラズマ焼結の一つ又は二以上の組合せで行われる製造方法。
- 請求項7に係る製造方法であって、前記加圧下での焼結がホットプレスと、その後のHIPとの組合せにより行われる製造方法。
- 請求項7に係る製造方法であって、前記の加圧下の焼結により得られた焼結体をその後に大気雰囲気中にて焼成することを含む製造方法。
- 請求項16に係る製造方法であって、前記の大気中での焼成を500~1100℃の温度で行う製造方法。
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| EP12755338.6A EP2684845A4 (en) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-02-28 | SILICON CARBIDE POWDER EASILY FRITTABLE AND SINTERED CERAMIC BODY OF SILICON CARBIDE |
| KR1020137025110A KR20140011345A (ko) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-02-28 | 소결 용이성 탄화규소 분말 및 탄화규소 세라믹스 소결체 |
| CN2012800119838A CN103415468A (zh) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-02-28 | 易烧结性碳化硅粉末及碳化硅陶瓷烧结体 |
| CA2829057A CA2829057A1 (en) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-02-28 | Readily sinterable silicon carbide powder and silicon carbide ceramic sintered body |
| US13/985,718 US20130323152A1 (en) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-02-28 | Readily sinterable silicon carbide powder and silicon carbide ceramic sintered body |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011050581A JP5630333B2 (ja) | 2011-03-08 | 2011-03-08 | 易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末及び炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体 |
| JP2011-050581 | 2011-03-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012121060A1 true WO2012121060A1 (ja) | 2012-09-13 |
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ID=46798028
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/JP2012/054904 Ceased WO2012121060A1 (ja) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-02-28 | 易焼結性炭化ケイ素粉末及び炭化ケイ素セラミックス焼結体 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US20130323152A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2684845A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5630333B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20140011345A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN103415468A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2829057A1 (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW201245099A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2012121060A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3015427A4 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2016-05-04 | Bridgestone Corp | silicon carbide powder |
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| US8906288B2 (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2014-12-09 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Process for producing SiC fiber-bonded ceramics |
| US9919972B2 (en) | 2013-05-02 | 2018-03-20 | Melior Innovations, Inc. | Pressed and self sintered polymer derived SiC materials, applications and devices |
| CN107001152A (zh) * | 2014-09-25 | 2017-08-01 | 梅里奥创新公司 | 高纯度聚硅氧碳衍生的碳化硅材料、应用和过程 |
| JP6531729B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-19 | 2019-06-19 | 株式会社Sumco | シリコン試料の炭素濃度評価方法、シリコンウェーハ製造工程の評価方法、シリコンウェーハの製造方法およびシリコン単結晶インゴットの製造方法 |
| WO2018183585A1 (en) | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-04 | Pallidus, Inc. | Sic volumetric shapes and methods of forming boules |
| CN108033777A (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-05-15 | 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 | 一种用于光固化技术的氧化铝浆料及其制备方法 |
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| WO2020158742A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-08-06 | 花王株式会社 | セラミック成形体からの有機物成分の除去方法 |
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| CN111392728B (zh) * | 2020-02-28 | 2022-04-08 | 山东天岳先进科技股份有限公司 | 一种用于生产碳化硅晶体的原料及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN115180955A (zh) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-10-14 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | 一种碳化硅陶瓷浆料及其制备方法和光固化成型体的热解工艺 |
| CN120817604B (zh) * | 2025-09-16 | 2025-11-28 | 东华大学 | 一种空心球状纳米碳化硅粉体及其制备方法与应用 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3015427A4 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2016-05-04 | Bridgestone Corp | silicon carbide powder |
| JPWO2014208460A1 (ja) * | 2013-06-26 | 2017-02-23 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 炭化ケイ素粉体 |
| US9630854B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2017-04-25 | Bridgestone Corporation | Silicon carbide powder |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2829057A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
| US20130323152A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
| JP5630333B2 (ja) | 2014-11-26 |
| JP2012188299A (ja) | 2012-10-04 |
| CN103415468A (zh) | 2013-11-27 |
| KR20140011345A (ko) | 2014-01-28 |
| TW201245099A (en) | 2012-11-16 |
| EP2684845A1 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
| EP2684845A4 (en) | 2014-09-10 |
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