DK160076B - Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af en formet og komprimeret fast enhedsdosisform - Google Patents
Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af en formet og komprimeret fast enhedsdosisform Download PDFInfo
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- DK160076B DK160076B DK560782A DK560782A DK160076B DK 160076 B DK160076 B DK 160076B DK 560782 A DK560782 A DK 560782A DK 560782 A DK560782 A DK 560782A DK 160076 B DK160076 B DK 160076B
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- tablets
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- cellulose
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- LMOINURANNBYCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N metaproterenol Chemical compound CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 LMOINURANNBYCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229960000210 nalidixic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MHWLWQUZZRMNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nalidixic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C)N=C2N(CC)C=C(C(O)=O)C(=O)C2=C1 MHWLWQUZZRMNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002009 naproxen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CMWTZPSULFXXJA-VIFPVBQESA-N naproxen Chemical compound C1=C([C@H](C)C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 CMWTZPSULFXXJA-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLPRGLOFPNJOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N narcotine Natural products COc1ccc2C(OC(=O)c2c1OC)C3Cc4c(CN3C)cc5OCOc5c4OC PLPRGLOFPNJOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008693 nausea Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003176 neuroleptic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJONHKAYOJNZEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrazepam Chemical compound C12=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C2NC(=O)CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 KJONHKAYOJNZEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001454 nitrazepam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004708 noscapine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002657 orciprenaline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001834 oxprenolol hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005489 paracetamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000810 peripheral vasodilating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002116 peripheral vasodilator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000482 pethidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003562 phentermine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002895 phenylbutazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbutazonum Chemical compound O=C1C(CCCC)C(=O)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005205 prednisolone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N prednisolone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004618 prednisone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N prednisone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003081 probenecid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DBABZHXKTCFAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N probenecid Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 DBABZHXKTCFAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004604 propranolol hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AQHHHDLHHXJYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N propranolol hydrochloride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 AQHHHDLHHXJYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950008679 protamine sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004089 psychotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000506 psychotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008160 pyridoxine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011677 pyridoxine Substances 0.000 description 1
- IOVGROKTTNBUGK-SJCJKPOMSA-N ritodrine Chemical compound N([C@@H](C)[C@H](O)C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IOVGROKTTNBUGK-SJCJKPOMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001634 ritodrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002052 salbutamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000000980 schizophrenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- AEQFSUDEHCCHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium valproate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC(C([O-])=O)CCC AEQFSUDEHCCHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940084026 sodium valproate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- LXMSZDCAJNLERA-ZHYRCANASA-N spironolactone Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@H]3[C@@]4(C)CCC(=O)C=C4C[C@H]([C@@H]13)SC(=O)C)C[C@@]21CCC(=O)O1 LXMSZDCAJNLERA-ZHYRCANASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002256 spironolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000021 stimulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003329 sulfinpyrazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MBGGBVCUIVRRBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfinpyrazone Chemical compound O=C1N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)C1CCS(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MBGGBVCUIVRRBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005105 terbutaline sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KFVSLSTULZVNPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbutaline sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.CC(C)(C)[NH2+]CC(O)C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1.CC(C)(C)[NH2+]CC(O)C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 KFVSLSTULZVNPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004989 tetracycline hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000278 theophylline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019157 thiamine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SCN1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011721 thiamine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002784 thioridazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006016 thyroid dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001685 thyroid gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940034208 thyroxine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N thyroxine-binding globulin Natural products IC1=CC(CC([NH3+])C([O-])=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1 XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000984 tocofersolan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005371 tolbutamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002324 trifluoperazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZEWQUBUPAILYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoperazine Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCN1CCCN1C2=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C21 ZEWQUBUPAILYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940035722 triiodothyronine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GSXRBRIWJGAPDU-BBVRJQLQSA-N tyrocidine A Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N2CCC[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N1)=O)CC(C)C)C(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 GSXRBRIWJGAPDU-BBVRJQLQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003281 tyrothricin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003424 uricosuric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005526 vasoconstrictor agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000304 vasodilatating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124549 vasodilator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003071 vasodilator agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/205—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
- A61K9/2054—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
i
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Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en komprimeret og formet fast enhedsdoseringsform med et regelmæssigt og forlænget frigivelsesmønster efter indgivelse, ud fra et bærermateria1e og et terapeutisk aktivt 5 medikament, hvor bærermaterialet er hydroxypropylmethylcellu-lose eller en blanding af hydroxypropylmethylcellulose og op til 30 vægt% ethylcellulose beregnet på blandingens vægt og/eller op til 30 vægt% natriumcarboxymethylcellulose beregnet på blandingens vægt, og hvor hydroxypropylmethylcel1ulosen 10 har et hydroxypropoxy 1 indhold på 9-12 vægt%, ved blanding af bærermaterialet med en terapeutisk dosis af det aktive medikament og komprimering og formning af blandingen under konventionelle betingelser til særskilte doseringsenheder.
IS Hydroxypropylmethylcelluloser kan fås i handelen i forskellige kvaliteter, som kan være forskellige med hensyn til methoxyl-og hydroxypropylindhold såvel som molekylvægt. Methoxylind-holdet varierer fra 16,5 til 30 vægt%, og hydroxypropoxy1 indholdet varierer fra 4 til 32 vægt%, bestemt ved hjælp af den i 20 ASTM D-2363-73 beskrevne metode.
Kommercielle betegnelser for forskellige hydroxypropylmethyl-celluloser er baseret på viskositeterne af 2% vandige opløsninger ved 20eC. Viskositeterne varierer fra 15 cps. til 30.000 25 cps. og repræsenterer gennemsnitsmolekylvægte efter antal (Mn) varierende fra ca. 10.000 til over 150.000.
Christenson og Dale (US patent 3.065.143) redegjorde for anvendelse af visse hydrofile gummier, herunder hydroxypropyl-30 methylcelluloser ved fremstillingen af en "tablet med forlænget frigørelse". Tabletten bestod i alt væsentligt af en blanding af et medikament og mindst en trediedel vægtdele af tablettens vægt af hydrofil gummi, som hurtigt absorberede vand og svulmede op ved 37°C til dannelse af en "blød slimagtig 35 gelbarriere" på tabletoverfladen, når den bringes i kontakt med mavetarmkanalens vandige væsker.
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2
Evnen til at danne en "blød slimagtig gel" ved kontakt med vandige væsker afhænger af molekylvægten af den hydrofile gummi omfattende hydroxypropylmethylcel1uloser. Nødvendigheden af at anvende højmolekylære polymerer fremgår af redegørelser af 5 dem, som udøver opfindelsen igølge US patent nr. 3.065.143. Eksemplerne 1 og 7 omhandler således anvendelsen af en kvalitet af hydroxypropylmethylcel!ulose med en viskositet på 4.000 cps., et methoxylindhold på 28-30 vægt%, et hydroxypropoxy1-indhold på 7,5-12 vægt% og en talmæssig middelmolekylvægt på 10 93.000, som beregnet fra dataene i "Handbook of Hethocel Cel lulose Ether Products" (The Dow Chemical Co., 1974). Eksemplerne 4 og 5 omhandler anvendelsen af hydroxypropylmethylcel-lulose med et methoxylindhold på 19-24 vægt% og et hydroxy-propoxylindhold på 4-12 vægt% i en kvalitet med henholdsvis en 15 viskositet på 4.000 cps. (talmæssig middelmolekylvægt 89.000) og i en kvalitet med en viskositet på 15.000 cps. (talmæssig middelmolekylvægt 124.000).
De andre eksempler i US patentskrift 3.065.143 beskriver an-20 vendeisen af "særligt højviskost" natriumcarboxymethylcellulose og carboxypolymethylen, idet begge har høje molekylvægte som effektive hydrofile gummier. I modsætning hertil angives det i eksempel 1, at 400 cps. methylcellulose er virkningsløst med hensyn til udøvelsen af opfindelsen. Denne polymer har en 25 gennemsnitsmolekylvægt efter antal på 41.000 ("Handbook of Me-thocel Cellulose Ether Products", Loc. cit.).
Christenson og Huber (US patent 3.590.117) beskrev, at hydro-xypropy1 methyl cellulose med høj viskositet, dvs. 15.000 cps., 30 ikke gav en tilfredsstillende holdbar pastil, fordi pastillen skaller af i munden i stedet for at blive opløst jævnt. "Lav-viskos" hydroxypropylmethylcel lulose giver utilfredsstillende pastiller på grund af de dannede særligt viskose og klæbrige spyt, som resulterer i en mundspærrende reaktion (spalte 1, 35 linie 29-47).
Anvendelsen af modificeret lavmolekylær hydroxypropyImethyl-cellulose per se og i blanding med enten ethylcellulose eller
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3 natriumcarboxymethylcellulose som bærergrundmateriale i farmaceutiske materialer med forlænget frigørelse er beskrevet af Lowey og Stafford (US patent 3.870.790) og Schor (US patent 4.226.849). Den i disse patentskrifter omhandlede hydroxypro-5 pylmethylcellulose har en talmæssig middelmolekylvægt på 23.000. Den polymere modificeres imidlertid til anvendelse i faste doseringsenheder med forlænget frigørelse ved udsættelse for høj fugtighed og tørring i luftstrøm.
10 Der er således brug for yderligere forbedringer i bærergrundmaterialer indeholdende hydroxypropylmethylcelluloser til anvendelse ved fremstillingen af faste farmaceutiske doseringsenheder, som har forlænget frigørelse.
15 Formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse er således at anvise en fremgangsmåde under anvendelse af hydroxypropylmethylcellulose som bærermateriale til brug ved fremstillingen af oralt, buccalt eller under tungen, etc., administrerede pastiller eller tabletter såvel som suppositorier og andre faste enheds- 20 doseringsformer, som har et regelmæssigt og forlænget frigørelsesmønster for et systemisk absorberet medikament eller en deri inkorporeret aktiv bestanddel.
Endvidere er formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse at an- 25 vise en fremgangsmåde under anvendelse af et bærergrundmateriale med større stabilitet, større hårdhed, lavere sprødhed, reduceret vandopløselighed og et mere forlænget frigørelsesmønster ud fra hydroxypropylmethylcellulose til fremstilling af bedre enhedsdoseringsformer.
30
Det har nu overraskende vist sig, at formålet kan opnås ved at hydroxypropylmethylcellulosen har en talmæssig middelmolekylvægt på mindre end 50.000.
35 I overensstemmelse med den foreliggende opfindelse har det nu vist sig, at der kan opnås vigtige fordele og forbedringer i forhold til hidtidige produkter indeholdende hydroxypropylme-
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4 thylcelluloser, som beskrevet i US patenterne 3.065.143, 3.870.790 og 4.226.849, ved at anvende ovennævnte lavviskose hydroxyprolylmethylcellulosekvalitet med et hydroxypropoxyl-indhold på 9-12 vægt%.
5
Den i forbindelse med den foreliggende opfindelse anvendte hy-droxypropyImethylcellulose har et methoxylindhold på 27-30 vægt%, et hydroxypropoxylindhold på 9-12 vægt% og en gennemsnitsmolekylvægt efter antal på under 50.000. Methoxyl- og 10 hydroxypropoxylindholdene bestemmes ifølge testprocedurerne, som er beskrevet i ASTM D2363-72.
US patent 3.065.143 angiver, at en 4000 cps. kvalitet af hy-droxypropylmethylcellulose med en gennemsnitsmolekylvægt efter 15 antal på 93.000 er effektivt ved fremstillingen af en tablet med forlænget frigørelse indeholdende et aktivt medikament i kraft af dets evne til at danne en blød slimagtig gelbarriere på overfladen af tabletten, når den bringes i kontakt med vandige væsker, og når den udgør mindst en trediedel af tablet-20 tens samlede vægt.
Det har vist sig, at en lignende tablet fremstillet af en 50 cps. kvalitet af hydroxypropylmethylcellulose med en gennemsnitsmolekylvægt efter antal på 23.000 optræder på en helt 25 anden måde i kontakt med vand og kun danner en ringe eller slet ingen slimagtig gelbarriere.
Når prøver af denne hydroxypropylmethylcellulose-kvalitet med et hydroxypropoxylindhold på under 9 vægt% fugtes og luft-30 tørres i overensstemmelse med de i US patenterne 3.870.790 og 4.226.849 beskrevne fremgangsmåder og derefter blandes med et aktivt medikament og tabletteres, giver de resulterende tabletter forlænget frigørelse af medikamentet, selvom de ikke danner den bløde slimagtige gel, som opnås, når der anvendes 35 den mere højmolekylære hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.
Selvom den lavviskose kvalitet af hydroxypropylmethylcellulose med et hydroxypropoxylindhold under 9 vægt% kan anvendes uden
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5 forudgående behandling, dvs. uden fugtning og lufttørring ved fremstillingen af en tablet, som giver forlænget frigørelse af medikamentet, har blandingen af den ubehandlede polymer dårlig komprimerbarhed, og den deraf fremstillede tablet er blødere, 5 spalter lettere i flager og smuldrer lettere end tabletter fremstillet af den behandlede polymer.
Når prøver af den lavviskose hydroxypropylmethylcellulosekva-litet med et hydroxypropoxylindhold på 9-12 vægt% blandes uden 10 forudgående behandling med et aktivt medikament, har blandingen overraskende en fremragende komprimerbarhed, og de deraf fremstillede tabletter er hårde og tætte, og de smuldrer i væsentlig ringere grad end tabletter fremstillet med behandlet eller ubehandlet hydroxypropylmethylcellulose med et hydroxy-15 propoxylindhold på under 9 vægt%. Tabletterne af den lavviskose hydroxypropylmethylcellulosekvalitet med et hydroxypropoxy-lindhold over 9 vægt% giver også en langsommere frigørelse af det aktive medikament, dvs., de giver forlænget frigørelse over en noget længere periode.
20 I modsætning til de forbedrede resultater, der blev opnået, når den polymere med et hydroxypropoxylindhold under 9 vægt% behandles ved fugtning og lufttørring før omdannelse til tabletter med forlænget frigørelse, har lignende behandling af 25 den polymere med et hydroxypropoxylindhold over 9 vægt% ringe eller slet ingen indvirkning på komprimerbarheden af den polymere og egenskaberne af de deraf fremstillede tabletter.
Fremstillingen af "PHASAL'^-tabletter indeholdende lithiumcar-30 bonat under anvendelse af hydroxypropylmethylcellulose med hydroxypropoxyl indhold både under og over 9 vægt%, hver med og uden forudgående fugtning og tørring, er beskrevet i eksemplerne 1-4.
35 5
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s
Eksempler 1-4
Phasal-tabletter indeholdende 1ithiumcarbonat blev fremstillet ud fra de følgende bestanddele·.
Bestannddele_gram_mg/tablet 1 Lithiumcarbonat 150 300 2 Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 200 400 10 3 Kirsebæraroma 0,6 1,2 4 Magnesiumstearat 0,4 0,8
Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose med forskellige hydroxypropoxy-15 lindhold (HP) blev anvendt til fremstillingen af "PHASAL"®-tabletterne med og uden forudgående fugtning og tørring. Der blev anvendt følgende polymerer:
Nr. HP, vagt%_Behandl i ng_ 20 A 8,0 Ingen B 8,0 Ja C 10,3 Ingen D 10,3 Ja 25 _
Bestanddelene 1 og 2 blev sammenblandet i en skål, bestanddel 3 blev tilsat, og efter blanding blev bestanddel 4 tilsat. Blandingen blev foretaget i 20 min., og den resulterende 30 blanding underkastet komprimering i en tabletteringsmaskine med en strengpresse på 1,27 cm (0,5 inch) og et 1,27 cm (0,5 inch) stempel under et kompressionstryk på 1,55 kg/cm2 (10 kg/inch*) til fremstilling af 500 tabletter med en gennemsnitsvægt på 700 mg og en tykkelse på 0,465-0,525 cm (0,185-35 0,205 inch).
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7
Eksempel nr._1_2_3_4_
Polymer A B C D
HP, vægt% 8,0 8,0 10,3 10,3
Behandling ingen ja ingen ja 5 Hårdhed, kg 4,0 5,0 8,5 8,5
Sprødhed, % 2,4 1,0 0,4 0,5
Frigørelseshastighed, S
1. time 23,2 20,6 18,1 19,3 4. time 54,0 65,8 52,3 47,3 10 7. time 95,3 96,1 75,8 76,1 8. time 100 - 81,0 83,6 14. time - - 95,1 100 16. time - - 99,4
Tabletternes hårdhed blev bestemt på et Pennwalt Stokes 15 hårdhedsprøveapparat. Sprødheden blev bestemt i en Erweka
Friabilator (Erweka-Apparatebau GmbH, Heuenstamm kr. Offen-bach/Main, Vesttyskland) ved at måle vægttabet efter 3 min. rotation. Frigørelseshastigheden blev bestemt ved anvendelse af frigørelseshastighedsapparatet som beskrevet i NF XIV, 20 side 985. Fem tabletter blev anbragt i et 100 ml glas med skruelåg, og 60 ml af en pufret opløsning med den ønskede pH-værdi forud opvarmet til 37°C blev sat til glasset. Glasset blev lukket og roteret i NF-tidsfrigørelsesapparatet holdt ved 40 ± 2 omdrejninger/min. Med mellemrum på 1 time 25 blev glasset åbnet, og den overliggende væske blev hældt gennem en sigte og filtreret. Den opsamlede væske blev kvalitativt overført til en 100 ml målekolbe. Tabletterne på sigten og prøveglasset blev vasket med deioniseret vand, idet vaskevæskerne blev sat til kolben. De vaskede tabletter blev 30 sendt tilbage til prøveglasset fra sigten ved hjælp af den næste pufferopløsning, og det lukkede glas blev roteret i badet i den næste tidsperiode på 1 time. Der blev anvendt de i den efterfølgende tabel anførte pufrede opløsninger;
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8 _Timer_pH__Timer_pH_ 1 1,2 9 7,5 2 2,5 10 7,5 3 4,5 11 7,5 5 4 7,0 12 7,5 5 7,0 13 7,5 6 7,5 14 7,5 7 7,5 15 7,5 8 7,5 16 7,5 10 De fra tabletterne præparerede opløsninger blev analyseret med hensyn til koncentrationen af lithiumcarbonat frigjort fra tabletten. Fremgangsmåden blev fortsat, indtil mindst 90% af tabletten var blevet opløst og/eller i alt væsentligt hele medikamentmængden var blevet frigjort.
15 Hydroxypropylmethylcellulosen med et hydroxypropoxylindhold på 9-12 vægt% kan eventuelt blandes med ca. 0-30 vægt% af blandingen af ethylcellulose og/eller ca. 0-30% natriumcarb= oxymethylcellulose. Bærergrundmaterialets hydroxypropylmethyl= celluloseindhold kan således variere fra 40 til 100%.
20 Den aktive bestanddel kan være af enhver medikamenttype, der virker lokalt i munden eller systemisk,og den kan i sidst-nævnt tilfælde administreres oralt for at overføre den aktive bestanddel i mavetarmkanalen og i blodet, legemsvæsker og -væv, uden at der optræder overdrevne maksimalkoncentra- 25 tioner. Den aktive bestanddel kan alternativt være af enhver medikamenttype, der virker gennem mundens buccalvæv ved at overføre den aktive bestanddel direkte ind i blodbanen og således undgå, at det først passere leverstofskiftet, og at passerer uden om mave- og tarmvæskerne, som ofte har en uheldig 30 inaktiverende eller nedbrydende virkning på mange aktive bestanddele, med mindre de er specielt beskyttede mod sådanne væsker ved hjælp af tarmbelægning eller lignende. Den aktive bestanddel kan også være af en medikamenttype, som kan overføres til blodcirkulationen via de rektale væv.
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Typiske eksempler på virksomme medikamenter omfatter antacida, anti-inflammatoriske stoffer, coronardilatatorer, cerebraldi-latatorer, periferiske vasodilatatorer, anti-infektionsmidler, psykotropiske midler, anti-maniske midler, stimulerende midl-5 er, anti-histami ner, afførende midler, dekongestanter, vita miner, mave-tarm-sedativer, diarre-modvirkende præparater, anti-anginal-lægemidler, vasodilatatorer, antiarythmiske midler, anti-hypertensive lægemidler, vasokonstrictorer og migrænebehandlingsmidler, anti-koaguleringsmidler og anti-10 thrombose-lægemidler, analgetika, feberstillende midler, hyp notiske midler, sedativer, brækningsmodvirkende midler, kvalmemodvirkende midler, neuromuskulære lægemidler, hyper- og hy-poglykæmiske midler, thyroid- og anti-thyroidpræparater, diu-retika, spasme-modvirkende midler, uterin-afslappelsesmidler, 15 mineral- og fødevareadditiver/anti-obesitas-modvirkende læge midler, anabolske lægemidler, erythropoietiske lægemidler, astma-modvirkende lægemidler, slimløsnende midler, hostedæmpende midler, mykolytiske midler, anti-uricemiske lægemidler og lægemidler eller stoffer, der virker lokalt i munden.
20
Typiske aktive medikamenter omfatter gastro i ntest i nåle sedativer, såsom metoclopramid og propanthelin-bromid, antacida, såsom al umi niumtri si 1 i kat, aluminiumhydroxid og cimetidin, anti-inflammatoriske lægemidler, såsom phenylbutazon, indome-25 thacin, naproxen, ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, diclofenac, dexame-thason, prednison og prednisolon, coronar vasodilatoriske lægemidler, såsom glyceryltrinitrat, isosorbiddinitrat og pentaerythri tol-tetran i trat, perifere og cerebale vasodi1ata-torer, såsom soloctidilum, vincamin, naftidrofuryloxalat, 30 co-dergocrinmesylat, cyclandelat, papaverin og nikotinsyre, infektionsmodvirkende stoffer, såsom erythromycinstearat, cephalexin, nalidixinsyre, tetracyklinhydroch1 or id, ampicillin, flucloxaci11innatrium, hexaminmandel at og hexaminhippurat, neuroleptiske lægemidler, såsom fluazepam, diazepam, temaze-35 pam, amitrypty1 in, doxepin, 1 ithiumcarboant, 1ithiumsulfat, chlorpromazin, thioridazin, trifluperazin, fluphenazin, p i pe-rothiazin, haloperidol, maproti1inhydrochlorid, imipramin og desmethylimipramin, centralnervestimulerende midler, såsom me-
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10 thylphenidat, ephedrin, epinephrin, isoproterenol, amphetamin-sulfat og amphetaminhydrochlorid, anti-histaminer, såsom di-phenhydramin, diphenylpyralin, chlorpheniramin og bromphenira-min, diarre-modvirkende lægemidler, såsom bisacodyl og magne-5 siumhydroxid, det laxative lægemiddel dioctylnatriumsulfosuc-cinat, tilsætningsstoffer, såsom ascorbinsyre, alphatocophe-rol, thiamin og pyridoxin, spasme-modvirkende lægemidler, såsom dicyklomin og diphenoxylat, lægemidler, som påvirker hjerterytmen, såsom verapamil, nifedepin, diltiazem, procainamid, 10 di sopyramid, bretyliumtosylat, quinidi nsulfat og quinidinglu-conat, lægemidler, der anvendes ved behandlingen af hypertension, såsom propranololhydrochlorid, guanethidinmonosulfat, methyldopa, oxprenolol-hydrochlorid, captopril og hydralazin, lægemidler, der anvendes ved behandlingen af migræne, såsom 15 ergotamin, lægemidler, der bevirker, at blodet kan koagulere, såsom epsi lonaminocapronsyre og protaminsulfat, analgetika, såsom acetylsalicylsyre, acetaminophen, codeinphosphat, co-deinsulfat, oxycodon, dihydrocodeintartrat, oxycodeinon, mor-phin, heroin, nalbuphin, butorphanoltartrat, pentazocin-20 hydrochlorid, cyclazacin, pethidin, buprenorphin, scopolamin og mefenamsyre, lægemidler mod epilepsi, såsom phenytoin-natrium og natriumvalproat, neuromuskulære lægemidler, såsom dantrolen-natrium, stoffer, der anvendes ved behandlingen af sukkersyge, såsom tolbutamid, diabenase-glucagon og insulin, 25 lægemidler, der anvendes ved behandlingen af dårlig skjold-brudskkirtelfunktion, såsom trijodthyronin, thyroxin og propylthiouracil, diuretiske lægemidler, såsom furosemid, chlor-thalidon, hydrochlorthiazid, spironolacton og triampteren, det uterin-afslappende lægemiddel ritodrin, appetitdæmpende midl-30 er, såsom fenfluramin-hydrochlorid, phentermin og diethylpro-prion-hydrochlorid, lægemidler mod astma, såsom aminophyl1 in, theophyllin, salbutamol, orciprenalinsulfat og terbutalinsulfat, slimløsnende midler, såsom guaiphenesin, hostedæmpende midler, såsom dextromethorphan og noscapin, mycolytiske læge-35 midler, såsom carbocistein, anti-septiske midler, såsom cetyl-pyridiniumchlorid, tyrothricin og chlorhexin, dekongestant-lægemidler, såsom phenyl propanol amin og pseudoephedrin, hypnotiske lægemidler, såsom dichloralp.henazon og nitrazepam,
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11 kvalme-modvirkende midler, såsom promethazin-theoclat, hæmo-peutiske lægemidler, såsom ferrosulfat, folinsyre og calcium-glyconat, uricosuriske lægemidler, såsom sulfinpyrazon, allo-purinol og probenecid og lignende. Det må imidlertid forstås, 5 at enhedsdoseri ngsformen ifølge opfindelsen kan anvendes i form af sublinguale pastiller, buccaltabletter, orale pastiller, suppositorier og komprimerede tabletter, idet sidstnævnte er beregnet til at siuges i form af en enhedsdosis, som efter indtagelse i overensstemmelse med et foreskrevet system giver 10 langsom og regelmæssig frigørelse af aktive medikamenter uden tilførsel i begyndelsen af en bestemt procentdel i tarmsystemet. Det må yderligere forstås, at opfindelsen ikke er begrænset til de ovenfor anførte medikamenter, der tjener som eksempler.
15
Hydroxypropylmethylcellulosen med et hydroxypropoxylindhold på 9-12 vægt% og en gennemsnitsmolekylvægt efter antal på under 50.000 danner alene eller i blanding med ethylcellulose og/eller natriumcarboxymethylcellulose, hvad der kaldes en 20 langtidsvirkende langsomt opløsende bærer af en sådan beskaffenhed, at den har en beskyttende, lindrende og stødpudedannende virkning i legemet og bevirker, at det aktive medikament udøver dets stigende optimale terapeutiske virkning i mange timer, således at der helt ud kan drages terapeutisk 25 fordel af hele eller i alt væsentligt hele mængden af det indgivne aktive stof. Denne høje virkningsgrad er en særlig fordel ved opfindelsen.
Ved tilberedelse af tabletter, der indeholder en oralt admini-30 strerbar systemisk absorberbar aktiv bestanddel, såsom et af de tidligere nævnte medikamenter, blandes det orale bærermateriale omhyggeligt med medikamentet, som også foreligger i pulverform eller granuleret form eller i opløsning, og andre nødvendige bestanddele, som er sædvanlige ved tablet-35 fremstilling, såsom magnesiumstearat, lactose, stivelse og i almindelighed bindemidler, fyldstoffer, desintegreringsmidler og lignende. En tilstrækkelig mængde af den samlede blanding til at fremstille en ensartet portion af tabletter, f.eks. 50.000, hver indeholdende en effektiv mængde aktiv
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bestanddel, underkastes derpå tablettering i sædvanlige tablet- 2 teringsmaskiner ved et kompressionstryk på 0,62-2,32 kg/cm , og på grund af anvendelsen af det særlige bærermateriale ifølge opfindelsen ved tabletfremstillingen opnås et produkt, der har den ønskede hårdhed, lav sprødhedsgrad og en forudbestemt langvarig virkning og et regelmæssigt mønster for for-_ længet frigørelse, således at medikamentet er til rådighed 5 i en periode på 1-24 timer afhængigt af den nøjagtige tabletstørrelse, hårdheden og det særlige bærermateriale. På denne måde er det muligt at fremstille tabletter med forlænget eller langsom vedvarende frigørelse på forholdsvis simpel og økono-misk måde i kommerciel målestok i modsætning til de mere omstændelige og mere komplekse materialer og fremgangsmåder, der hidtil er blevet anvendt eller foreslået.
Fugtighedsindholdet i den ved fremstillingen af tabletterne med forlænget frigørelse anvendte bærer kan være af størrel-
1 O
sesordenen 0,1-10%, fortrinsvis 1-10%. Hvis fugtighedsindholdet ligger uden for dette interval, kan det bringes inden for intervallet ved anvendelse af tilstedeværende eller varm, tør eller våd luft under anvendelse af passende udstyr, 20 herunder atmosfærisk luft, konvektion, tryk- eller vakuum kamre eller andet udstyr, der er velkendt af fagfolk på dette område. Fugtighedsindholdet i bæreren under tabletteringen har indflydelse på, hvor uskadt den under et givet kompressionstryk fremstillede tablet er. Et fugtighedsindhold over 5% tillader således anvendelsen af lavere tryk, medens et lavere fugtighedsindhold kræver anvendelse af højere tryk til opnåelse af tabletter af tilsvarende kvalitet.
Fugtighedsindholdet i tabletten bestående af hydroxypropyl= methylcellulose med et hydroxypropoxylindhold på 9-12 vægt% 30 og en gennemsnitsmolekylvægt efter antal på under 50.000, medikamentet og andre bestanddele, hvis de indgår, har ringe eller slet ingen indvirkning på egenskaberne med hensyn til forlænget frigørelse og spiller en mindre rolle i sammenligning med den kemiske struktur af bæreren for hastigheden 35 af frigørelsen af medikamenter. Medens frigørelsesmønsteret i det mindste delvis styres af størrelsen af tabletten eller andet formet emne såvel som af kompressionsgraden, indfører den kemiske struktur af hydroxypropylmethylcellulosen ligeledes en virkning og er den dominerende faktor ved reguleringen af frigørelseshastigheden.
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13
Da den forlængede frigørelse af enhedsdoseringsformer fremstillet ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse, som stammer fra anvendelsen af bærergrundmaterialet med en gennemsnitsmolekylvægt efter antal på under 50.000, skyldes bærerens kemiske 5 struktur fremfor dannelsen af en blød slimagtig gelbarriere på overfladen af tabletten, når en højmolekylær bærer, som indgår i en mængde på mindst 33,3% af tablettens samlede vægt, bringes i kontakt med vandige væsker, som angivet i US patent 3.065.143, kan mængden af bærergrundmateriale i tabletten være 10 så lav som 2% af tablettens samlede vægt. Mængden af bærergrundmateriale i tabletten påvirker direkte hastigheden og varigheden af frigørelsen af medikamentet og kan variere fra 0,5 til 99% af tablettens samlede vægt.
15 Mønsteret for frigørelse af aktiv bestanddel fra enhedsdoseringsformen fremstillet ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse kan reguleres i overensstemmelse med det særlige medikament og dets tilsigtede terapeutiske virkning. For en sublingual, oral eller buccal pastil eller tablet kan frigørelsesmønsteret va-20 riere fra ca. 15 min. til 12 timer. For oralt indgivne tabletter kan frigørelseshastigheden være 4-8 timer, 8-10 timer, 10-12 timer, etc., efter ønske. For vaginale og rektale suppositorier varierer frigørelsesmønsteret for 3-36 timer og kan være herunder, når det er tilrådeligt. Forudbestemte frigørel-25 sesmønstre af usædvanligt pålidelige og konstante egenskaber kan sikres. Dette er ofte meget vigtigt ud fra et medicinsk standpunkt, specielt ved behandlingen af patienter, der har coronarsygdomme, såsom angina pectoris, med nitroglycerin, eller beslægtede problemer i forbindelse med kredsløbsforstyr-30 reiser eller unormale blodtrykstilstande eller psykotropisk/ maniodepressiv-skizofreni. Opfindelsen er også særlig vigtig i forbindelse med behandlingen af sådanne lidelser som ulcere-ret væv eller mukøse læsioner og andre lidelser, som skyldes lokal hyperaciditet eller dårligt stofskifte i det fysiolo-35 giske system. Opfindelsen er derfor af en meget mangesidig og anvendelig karakter, som giver den et stort anvendelsesområde og slutanvendelse.
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14
Eksemplerne 5 og 6 beskriver anvendelse af ubehandlede hydro-xypropylmethylcel1uloser med hydroxypropoxylindhold både under og over 9 vægt% ved fremstillingen af aspirintabletter, hvor bærergrundmaterialet kun udgør 16,5% af tablettens samlede 5 vægt.
Eksempler 5-6
Aspirin.
10
Aspirintabletter indeholdende 650 mg/tablet blev fremstillet af følgende bestanddele:
Bestanddele_Gram_mg/tablet 15 1 Aspirin, krystallinsk 650 650 2 Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 130 130 3 Lubritab 7 7 20
Hydroxypropylmethylcelluloser med forskellige hydroxypropoxy-lindhold (HP) blev anvendt ved fremstillingen af aspirinta-bletterne uden forudgående behandling.
25 Bestanddelene 1 og 2 blev sammenblandet i et PK-blandingsappa-rat i 20 min., bestanddel 3 blev tilsat, og blandingen blev fortsat i yderligere 10 min. Blandingen blev anvendt til at fremstille 1000 tabletter på Stokes B2-tabletteringsmaskine under anvendelse af 0,71 cm x 1,58 cm (0,281 inch x 0,625 30 inch) kapsel formede matricer og stempler ved et kompressions- tryk på 1,55 kg/cm2 (10 kg/inch2). Tabletternes gennemsnitsvægt var 787 mg, og tykkelsen var 0,710 cm - 0,725 cm (0,280-0,285 inch).
35 Tabletternes hårdhed, sprødhed og frigørelseshastighed blev bestemt som tidligere beskrevet til opnåelse af følgende resultater :
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Eksempel nr._5_6_ HP, vægt% 8,0 10,3
Behandling ingen ingen 5 _ Hårdhed, kg 6,0 8,2
Sprødhed, % 0,5 0,3
Frigørelseshastighed, % 10 1. time 94,0 15,7 2. time 100 26,5 4. time - 49,4 6. time - 77,0 8. time - 100 15 _
Det fremgår, at den ubehandlede hydroxypropylmethylcellulose med et hydroxypropoxy1 indhold på over 9 vægt%, selv i lave koncentrationer, giver tabletter med god komprimerbarhed, således 20 som det fremgår af hårdhed og sprødhed, samtidig med at der sikres forlænget frigørelse af medikamentet.
Eksempel 7 25 Vitamin.
Ascorbinsyretabletter indeholdende 500 mg/tablet blev fremstillet af ubehandlet hydroxypropylmethylcel1ulose med et hydroxypropoxy 1 i ndhol d på 10 vægt% og følgende bestanddele: 30 35
Bestanddele_gram_mg/tablet 16
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1 Ascorbinsyre 250 500 2 Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 5 (10 vægt% HP) 50 100 3 Magnesiumstearat 0,5 1 4 Stearinsyre 3 6 10 Bestanddelene 1 og 2 blev sammenblandet i 15 min., bestanddelene 3 og 4 blev tilsat, og blandingen blev fortsat i 5 min. Blandingen blev anvendt til at fremstille 500 tabletter på Stokes B2-maskine under anvendelse af 1,11 cm (7/16 inch) matricer og stempler. Tabletternes gennemsnitsvægt var 607 mg, 15 og hårdheden var 4 kg. Frigørelseshastigheden blev bestemt på sædvanlig måde og gav følgende resultater: _Tid_Friqørelseshastighed %_ 20 1. time 45,2 2. time 76,5 3. time 88,7 6. time 100 25
Eksempel 8 Isosorbiddinitrat.
30 Isosorbiddinitrat-buccaltabletter indeholdende 20 mg/tablet blev fremstillet af ubehandlet hydroxypropy1methylcel1ulose med et hydroxypropoxylindhold på 10 vægt% og følgende bestanddele: 35
Bestanddele_gram_mg/tablet 17
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1 Isosorbiddinitrat, 80 80 25% tri turat 5 2 Lactose, vandfrit 40 40 3 Hydroxypropylmethylcel1ulose 25 25 4 Stearinsyre 3 3 5 Syloid® 244 1 1 10
Bestanddelene 1, 2 og 3 blev sammenblandet i et blandingsapparat i 15 min., bestanddelene 4 og 5 blev tilsat, og blandingen blev fortsat i yderligere 5 min. Blandingen blev anvendt til fremstillingen af 1000 tabletter på en Stoke B2-maskine under 15 anvendelse af 0,71 cm (9/32 inch) matricer og stempler. Tabletternes gennemsnitsvægt var 149 mg. Tabletterne havde følgende egenskaber: 20 Hårdhed, kg 3,7
Sprødhed, % 0,3
Frigørelseshastighed, % 15 min. 42,7 30 min. 73,8 25 45 min. 88,7 60 min. 100 30 Eksempel 9
Nitroglycerin.
Nitroglycerin-buccaltabletter indeholdende 6,5 mg/tablet blev 35 fremstillet med hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (hydroxypropoxyl- indhold 10,3 vægt%) og følgende bestanddele:
Bestanddele_gram_mq/tablet
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18 1 Nitroglyceri n, 10% i 143 71,5 lactose-triturat 5 2 Lactose, vandfrit 80 40 3 Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 44 22 4 Natriumcarboxymethylcellulose 44 22 5 Stearinsyre 6 3 6 Syloid® 244 2 1 10 _
Bestanddelene blev blandet på samme måde som beskrevet i eksempel 8 og blev presset til 500 tabletter under anvendelse af 0,71 cm (9/32 inch) matricer og stempler på en Stoke B2-maski-15 ne. Tabletternes gennemsnitsvægt var 159 mg. Tabletterne havde følgende egenskaber: Hårdhed, kg 2,3 20 Sprødhed, % 0,3
Frigørelseshastighed, % 15 min. 61,4 30 min. 93,8 45 min. 93,8 25 _
De foreliggende sammensætninger og produkter viser udførelseseksempler for den foreliggende opfindelse. Mange forskelligartede virksomme stoffer kan indarbejdes i bærermaterialet 30 under den forudsætning, at det virksomme stof kan absorberes fra blodet eller væv fra tarmkanalen i almindelighed og andre overflader og områder i legemets indre og ydre. Den foreliggende opfindelse angår endvidere andre doserings- og indgivelsesformer, såsom f.eks. vaginale og rektale suppositorier, til 35 indgivelse af præparater med forlænget frigivelse af virksomt stof. Især pastiller og tabletter virker oralt såvel som på de oropharyngeale-intestinale og øvrige tarmområder. Den samlede
Claims (2)
1. Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en komprimeret og formet fast enhedsdoseringsform med et regelmæssigt og forlænget frigivelsesmønster efter indgivelse, ud fra et bærermateriale og et terapeutisk aktivt medikament, hvor bærermateria- 15 let er hydroxypropylmethylcel1ulose eller en blanding af hy-droxypropyl methylcel lul ose og op til 30 vægt* ethylcellulose beregnet på blandingens vægt og/eller op til 30 vægt* natrium-carboxymethylcel1ulose beregnet på blandingens vægt, og hvor hydroxypropylmethylcellulosen har et hydroxypropoxylindhold på 20 9-12 vægt*, ved blanding af bærermaterialet med en terapeutisk dosis af det aktive medikament og komprimering og formning af blandingen under konventionelle betingelser til særskilte doseringsenheder, kendetegnet ved, at hydroxypropylmethylcel lulosen har en talmæssig middelmolekylvægt på mindre 25 end 50.000.
2. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav i, kendetegnet ved, at hydroxypropylmethylcellulosen er blevet befugtet. 30 35
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US33234881 | 1981-12-18 | ||
| US06/332,348 US4369172A (en) | 1981-12-18 | 1981-12-18 | Prolonged release therapeutic compositions based on hydroxypropylmethylcellulose |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK560782A DK560782A (da) | 1983-06-19 |
| DK160076B true DK160076B (da) | 1991-01-28 |
| DK160076C DK160076C (da) | 1991-06-24 |
Family
ID=23297834
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK560782A DK160076C (da) | 1981-12-18 | 1982-12-17 | Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af en formet og komprimeret fast enhedsdosisform |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4369172A (da) |
| JP (1) | JPS58110513A (da) |
| AR (1) | AR228699A1 (da) |
| BE (1) | BE895391A (da) |
| CA (1) | CA1195929A (da) |
| CH (1) | CH641670A5 (da) |
| DE (1) | DE3246492C2 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK160076C (da) |
| ES (1) | ES518321A0 (da) |
| FR (1) | FR2518409B1 (da) |
| GB (1) | GB2111386A (da) |
| IL (1) | IL67497A (da) |
| IT (1) | IT1164472B (da) |
| MX (1) | MX160316A (da) |
| NL (1) | NL190472C (da) |
| SE (1) | SE453796B (da) |
| ZA (1) | ZA829267B (da) |
Families Citing this family (344)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0086627B1 (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1985-08-28 | Unitika Ltd. | Anti-cancer device |
| US4389393A (en) * | 1982-03-26 | 1983-06-21 | Forest Laboratories, Inc. | Sustained release therapeutic compositions based on high molecular weight hydroxypropylmethylcellulose |
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| US4167558A (en) * | 1976-02-13 | 1979-09-11 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Novel sustained release tablet formulations |
| YU43437B (en) * | 1976-05-05 | 1989-08-31 | Lowey Hans | Process for obtaining tablets containing an active component with long lasting effect |
| GB1593261A (en) * | 1976-07-23 | 1981-07-15 | Inveresk Res Int | Controlled release suppository |
| JPS5562012A (en) * | 1978-11-06 | 1980-05-10 | Teijin Ltd | Slow-releasing preparation |
| US4226849A (en) * | 1979-06-14 | 1980-10-07 | Forest Laboratories Inc. | Sustained release therapeutic compositions |
| US4259314A (en) * | 1979-12-10 | 1981-03-31 | Hans Lowey | Method and composition for the preparation of controlled long-acting pharmaceuticals |
-
1981
- 1981-12-18 US US06/332,348 patent/US4369172A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1982
- 1982-12-03 AR AR291504A patent/AR228699A1/es active
- 1982-12-14 MX MX195610A patent/MX160316A/es unknown
- 1982-12-15 CH CH730582A patent/CH641670A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-12-15 SE SE8207167A patent/SE453796B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-12-16 IL IL67497A patent/IL67497A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-12-16 IT IT12690/82A patent/IT1164472B/it active
- 1982-12-16 GB GB08235858A patent/GB2111386A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-12-16 DE DE3246492A patent/DE3246492C2/de not_active Expired
- 1982-12-16 JP JP57221055A patent/JPS58110513A/ja active Granted
- 1982-12-16 FR FR8221109A patent/FR2518409B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-12-17 NL NLAANVRAGE8204893,A patent/NL190472C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-12-17 BE BE0/209760A patent/BE895391A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-12-17 ES ES518321A patent/ES518321A0/es active Granted
- 1982-12-17 ZA ZA829267A patent/ZA829267B/xx unknown
- 1982-12-17 DK DK560782A patent/DK160076C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-12-17 CA CA000417978A patent/CA1195929A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES8402155A1 (es) | 1984-01-16 |
| MX160316A (es) | 1990-02-01 |
| ZA829267B (en) | 1983-08-31 |
| NL190472C (nl) | 1994-03-16 |
| GB2111386A (en) | 1983-07-06 |
| NL8204893A (nl) | 1983-07-18 |
| IT8212690A0 (it) | 1982-12-16 |
| CA1195929A (en) | 1985-10-29 |
| FR2518409A1 (fr) | 1983-06-24 |
| SE453796B (sv) | 1988-03-07 |
| FR2518409B1 (fr) | 1986-02-21 |
| SE8207167L (sv) | 1983-06-19 |
| BE895391A (fr) | 1983-04-15 |
| IL67497A (en) | 1986-02-28 |
| NL190472B (nl) | 1993-10-18 |
| CH641670A5 (fr) | 1984-03-15 |
| IL67497A0 (en) | 1983-05-15 |
| DK560782A (da) | 1983-06-19 |
| US4369172A (en) | 1983-01-18 |
| DE3246492C2 (de) | 1985-12-19 |
| SE8207167D0 (sv) | 1982-12-15 |
| ES518321A0 (es) | 1984-01-16 |
| GB2111386B (da) | |
| DE3246492A1 (de) | 1983-06-30 |
| JPS58110513A (ja) | 1983-07-01 |
| JPH059413B2 (da) | 1993-02-04 |
| IT1164472B (it) | 1987-04-08 |
| DK160076C (da) | 1991-06-24 |
| AR228699A1 (es) | 1983-03-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUP | Patent expired |