ES2278875T3 - Dispositivo para fijar un material de refuerzo a una grapadora quirurgica. - Google Patents
Dispositivo para fijar un material de refuerzo a una grapadora quirurgica. Download PDFInfo
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- ES2278875T3 ES2278875T3 ES02253132T ES02253132T ES2278875T3 ES 2278875 T3 ES2278875 T3 ES 2278875T3 ES 02253132 T ES02253132 T ES 02253132T ES 02253132 T ES02253132 T ES 02253132T ES 2278875 T3 ES2278875 T3 ES 2278875T3
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
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- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B17/07292—Reinforcements for staple line, e.g. pledgets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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- A61B17/11—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
- A61B17/115—Staplers for performing anastomosis, e.g. in a single operation
- A61B17/1155—Circular staplers comprising a plurality of staples
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
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Abstract
Un conjunto (90) para fijar de modo liberable un material de refuerzo (100) unido al mismo sobre un miembro de apriete de tejido de un dispositivo (20) de grapado quirúrgico, comprendiendo dicho conjunto (90): a. un bastidor (91) sustancialmente rígido, para conectarse a una superficie superior de no apriete de un miembro de apriete de tejido de un dispositivo (20) de grapado quirúrgico, cuando dicho conjunto (90) está dispuesto sobre él; y b. un material de refuerzo (100), fijado a los lados primero y segundo de dicho bastidor (91), para apoyarse contra una superficie inferior de apriete del miembro de apriete de tejido del dispositivo (20) de grapado quirúrgico, cuando dicho conjunto (90) está dispuesto sobre él; caracterizado porque: el bastidor (91) es un armazón portador (91), que tiene un cuerpo portador en forma de "U" invertida, y es para deslizar sobre el miembro de apriete de tejido.
Description
Dispositivo para fijar un material de refuerzo a
una grapadora quirúrgica.
La presente invención se refiere, en general, a
dispositivos quirúrgicos de sujeción para aplicar una pluralidad de
sujetadores quirúrgicos en los tejidos y, más particularmente, a un
procedimiento nuevo para fijar un material de refuerzo sobre el
dispositivo quirúrgico de sujeción con el fin de crear una línea
reforzada de sujetadores quirúrgicos dentro del tejido.
Muchos procedimientos quirúrgicos implican la
resección de tejido. Uno de tales procedimientos es la reducción del
volumen pulmonar, que resecciona una porción del pulmón para tratar
el enfisema. Un problema con el que se tropieza durante la resección
del tejido corporal, especialmente en unión con el uso de grapas, es
la cuestión de la hemostasia. Ciertos tipos de tejido corporal son
más propensos a la cuestión de la hemostasia, tales como el delgado
tejido friable que se encuentra en el pulmón, y las circunstancias
de la enfermedad pueden exacerbar los problemas. Se utilizan
dispositivos mecánicos, tales como grapadoras quirúrgicas y
cortadoras lineales, tanto abiertas como endoscópicas, como medios
para reseccionar tejido pulmonar enfermo. Las grapas provocan
hemostasia en las estructuras vasculares y, cuando se aplican al
tejido pulmonar, proporcionan también un buen grado de neumostasia.
Los instrumentos de grapado quirúrgico tienen una pluralidad de
grapas, mantenidas en múltiples filas escalonadas en un cartucho
reemplazable, y un par de mordazas opuestas, de las que al menos una
es desplazable. Los instrumentos de grapado quirúrgico comprimen el
tejido pulmonar entre el cartucho y la mordaza, y las grapas se
descargan en el tejido comprimido muy próximas a la porción enferma
del pulmón que se ha de escindir. Se pasa una cuchilla
longitudinalmente entre las filas más interiores de las grapas
formadas, seccionando transversalmente el tejido. El dispositivo de
grapado quirúrgico se retira de la zona quirúrgica, recargado con
otro cartucho de grapado sin descargar, y el procedimiento se repite
hasta que se resecciona y se extrae la sección deseada del pulmón.
Un ejemplo de una cortadora lineal abierta se proporciona en la
patente de EE.UU. número 5.415.334 transferida a la firma Ethicon
Endo-Surgery, de Cincinnati, en Ohio, el 16 mayo de
1995. Un ejemplo de una cortadora lineal endoscópica se proporciona
en la patente de EE.UU. número 5.597.107 transferida a la firma
Ethicon Endo-Surgery, de Cincinnati, en Ohio, el 28
de enero de 1997.
Un problema conocido al utilizar grapadoras
quirúrgicas usadas de esta forma ha sido la formación de fugas de
aire en el tejido pulmonar grapado. Las fugas pueden presentarse en
la línea de corte y/o en los propios agujeros de grapa.
Frecuentemente, el tejido pulmonar enfermo es delgado y friable, y
se puede desgarrar en las grapas a medida que se vuelven a insuflar
los pulmones. Estas fugas de aire pueden ser persistentes y pueden
extender la estancia hospitalaria de un paciente durante semanas.
Como medios para aliviar estos problemas de fugas, los cirujanos
refuerzan la línea de grapado aplicando un material de refuerzo o
contención a la zona deseada de grapado y grapando a través del
material de refuerzo. El material de refuerzo proporciona
fortalecimiento al tejido friable. El tejido se comprime contra los
agujeros de grapa, dando como resultado un aumento de la
neumostasia. Esto reduce las posibilidades de desgarro del tejido en
la línea de grapado, y reduce el desenganche de las grapas en el
tejido friable.
Estos materiales de refuerzo están montados
típicamente de modo desmontable en los miembros de mordaza de un
dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico, de manera que una vez
descargados, el material de refuerzo se grapa al tejido pulmonar.
Óptimamente, el tejido pulmonar está "intercalado" entre dos
capas de este material de refuerzo. Alternativamente, se pueden usar
materiales de refuerzo en varios procedimientos quirúrgicos
distintos, tales como, pero no están limitados a, una histerectomía
ovárica, una derivación gástrica, una anastomosis del tejido
intestinal, o cualquier otro procedimiento que pueda requerir el
refuerzo de una línea de grapado o aumentar la hemostasia en el
tejido.
La fijación de modo liberable del material de
refuerzo a los miembros de mordaza del dispositivo de grapado
quirúrgico presenta un desafío especial. El material de refuerzo se
debe sujetar de modo seguro a las mordazas del dispositivo de
grapado quirúrgico, de manera que no se caiga durante el
funcionamiento normal, pero sin embargo se debe poder liberar
fácilmente del dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico después de
descargar las grapas. Se conoce una variedad de medios de fijación
adhesivos y mecánicos. Se describen en lo que sigue tanto los medios
de fijación adhesivos como los mecánicos, y ambos tienen sus
carencias.
Un ejemplo de un dispositivo que fija un
material de refuerzo a una cortadora lineal con un adhesivo se
describe en la patente de EE.UU. número 5.441.193, de Gravener et
al. Este dispositivo fija materiales de refuerzo a un
instrumento quirúrgico con un adhesivo de cianoacrilato
biocompatible. La unión adhesiva se aplica a lo largo de las
porciones de borde del material de refuerzo, y las líneas de trazos
de las perforaciones se colocan dentro del material de refuerzo
(adyacentes a la línea de pegado), de manera que la porción central
sin pegar del material de refuerzo se puede desgarrar de las
porciones pegadas de borde. Sin embargo, las porciones del material
de refuerzo que tienen aplicadas el adhesivo no son liberables del
dispositivo. Como consecuencia, puede ser especialmente difícil
quitar el refuerzo del instrumento (después de la descarga), ya que
todo el material entre las perforaciones se debe desgarrar
simultáneamente para liberar el dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico
del tejido.
Lo que se necesitaba era un adhesivo que fijara
de modo liberable el material de refuerzo al dispositivo quirúrgico,
de manera que fuera más fácil para el cirujano extraer el
dispositivo quirúrgico de la zona quirúrgica después de la descarga.
La patente de EE.UU. número 5.752.965, de Francis et al.,
enseña cómo fijar el material o las tiras de refuerzo a un
dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico con un adhesivo desprendible, que
se debe aplicar justamente antes del uso. Se usa un accesorio de
alineación para alinear el par de tiras de refuerzo, se aplica
adhesivo a la superficie expuesta de cada tira de refuerzo y las
mordazas del dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico se cierran entonces
sobre el adhesivo y las tiras de refuerzo. Cuando se abren las
mordazas, el material de refuerzo se fija a la mordaza y al cartucho
del dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico con el adhesivo líquido
pegajoso. El adhesivo líquido pegajoso que se da a conocer está
compuesto por hidroxipropilmetilcelulosa, polipropilenglicol y agua.
Mientras que la fijación de un material de refuerzo de esta manera
puede ofrecer un adhesivo desprendible, los efectos adhesivos del
adhesivo líquido pegajoso son temporales. Además, el proceso de
fijación consume tiempo, y la etapa de fijación se debe repetir para
cada descarga. Por último, una vez que el adhesivo pegajoso se
expone al aire, los elementos volátiles del adhesivo empiezan a
evaporarse. Esto limita la aplicación de este adhesivo pegajoso
justamente antes de o durante la operación.
Lo que se necesita es un adhesivo desprendible
que no se seque o degrade con el paso del tiempo. Tal adhesivo
permitiría que el material de refuerzo se fijara al dispositivo de
grapado quirúrgico en la factoría de fabricación, y daría como
resultado un ahorro tanto de tiempo como de costes. La solicitud de
patente europea EP1064883A1, de Leslie Hamilton et al.,
enseña un adhesivo desprendible de polímeros esteralifáticos
bioabsorbibles no tóxicos que son sólidos semicristalinos o líquidos
pegajosos (de consistencia como la miel). El adhesivo está
caracterizado porque puede fluir a la temperatura corporal (37°C) y,
preferiblemente, puede fluir a temperatura ambiente (25°C). Sin
embargo, el adhesivo puede llegar a ser mucho más fluido a
temperaturas elevadas (hasta 50°C), que se encuentran frecuentemente
en camiones, contenedores de transporte, vagones de ferrocarril y
almacenes. Bajo las condiciones de temperatura elevada, el adhesivo
puede migrar a otras partes del instrumento o del envase del
instrumento, y la migración puede reducir la resistencia de la
unión
adhesiva.
adhesiva.
Como se ha visto de la descripción anterior, la
fijación de un material de refuerzo a una grapadora quirúrgica con
un adhesivo puede presentar muchos problemas. También, se conoce
bien en la técnica la fijación mecánica de material de refuerzo a un
dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico, y evita los problemas encontrados
con adhesivos. Existen muchos procedimientos de fijación mecánica, y
uno común es la colocación de un manguito sobre los miembros de
apriete del dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico. Los manguitos se
pueden formar a partir de tela flexible, tal como material de
refuerzo, o pueden contener una tira liberable de material de
refuerzo fijada a una tela diferente. Muchos de estos manguitos se
describen en la patente de EE.UU. número 5.503.638, de Cooper et
al., en la patente de EE.UU. número 5.702.409, de Rayburn et
al., en la patente de EE.UU. número 5.810.855, de Rayburn et
al. y en la patente de EE.UU. número 5.964.774, de McKean et
al.
Mientras que se pueden usar eficazmente
manguitos para fijar el material de refuerzo al efector terminal del
dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico, los manguitos pueden producir
otras complicaciones durante la operación. Por ejemplo, si el
manguito está formado a partir de un manguito macizo de material de
refuerzo, la descarga del dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico grapa el
refuerzo y el tejido, y cercena el manguito de refuerzo y el tejido
entre las líneas de grapado. Esta acción deja fijadas entre sí las
porciones de tejido (a cada lado de la línea de corte) gracias a una
lámina de material de refuerzo. Esto requiere que el cirujano vaya y
cercene el manguito cortado de refuerzo para separar el tejido
cercenado, y retire cualquier porción indeseada del material de
refuerzo. Un ejemplo adicional para un dispositivo de sujeción de
refuerzos se conoce por el documento
US-A-5.902.312.
Lo que se necesita son unos medios para fijar de
modo liberable una tira de refuerzo sobre un dispositivo de grapado
quirúrgico, que se mantenga eficaz durante un largo período de
tiempo, se mantenga operativa a todas las temperaturas con las que
sea probable que se encuentre el producto y que sea fácilmente
liberable del dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico.
De acuerdo con la presente invención, se
describe un conjunto para fijar de modo liberable un material de
refuerzo sobre un miembro de apriete de tejido de un dispositivo de
grapado quirúrgico. El conjunto tiene un bastidor sustancialmente
rígido, para conectarse a una superficie superior de un miembro de
apriete de tejido de un dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico, cuando el
conjunto está dispuesto sobre él. Se fija un material de refuerzo a
los lados primero y segundo del bastidor, para apoyarse contra una
superficie inferior de un miembro de apriete de tejido de un
dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico, cuando el conjunto está dispuesto
sobre él.
Las nuevas propiedades de la invención se
exponen con particularidad en las reivindicaciones adjuntas. La
propia invención, sin embargo, tanto para la organización como para
los procedimientos de funcionamiento, junto con sus objetos y
ventajas adicionales, se puede comprender mejor con referencia a la
descripción siguiente, tomada en unión con los dibujos que se
acompañan, en los que:
la figura 1 es una vista isométrica de un
dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico, que muestra un efector terminal
con tiras de refuerzo fijadas de modo liberable a una primera
superficie de apriete de un yunque y fijadas de modo liberable a una
segunda superficie de apriete de un cartucho de grapas por un
adhesivo fundido en caliente de la presente invención;
la figura 2 es una vista isométrica a escala
ampliada del efector terminal del dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico
de la figura 1, con el yunque seccionado y girado por claridad,
mostrando la vista la etapa de aplicar el adhesivo fundido en
caliente, en estado ya fundido, de la presente invención sobre las
superficies de apriete primera y segunda del efector terminal con un
aplicador;
la figura 3 es una vista isométrica a escala
ampliada del efector terminal del dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico,
con el yunque seccionado y girado por claridad, mostrando la vista
la etapa de fijar una tira de material de refuerzo sobre cada una de
las superficies de apriete de tejido, al colocar el material de
refuerzo en contacto con el adhesivo fundido en caliente, en estado
ya fundido, de la presente invención colocado sobre él;
la figura 4 es una vista isométrica en despiece
ordenado de la etapa de enfriar el adhesivo fundido en caliente de
la presente invención hasta más allá de un punto de consigna,
llegando a solidificarse el adhesivo desprendible y adhiriendo cada
una de las porciones del material de refuerzo a cada una de las
superficies respectivas de apriete de tejido;
la figura 5 es una vista isométrica de un
instrumento de grapado circular, que muestra anillos de refuerzo
colocados sobre él, antes de la etapa de aplicar el adhesivo fundido
de la presente invención sobre un yunque y un cartucho de grapas del
instrumento de grapado circular, para la fijación de los anillos de
refuerzo al mismo;
la figura 6 es una vista isométrica de un
dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico, que muestra un efector terminal
con tiras de refuerzo fijadas de modo liberable a una primera
superficie de apriete de un yunque, por un soporte de yunques,
pudiéndose retirar la tira de refuerzo por movimiento distal con
relación al dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico;
la figura 7 es una vista isométrica en despiece
ordenado de los elementos del soporte de yunques, que muestra la
trayectoria de una tira de refuerzo perforada, a medida que se monta
de modo liberable con un armazón portador;
la figura 8 es una vista isométrica de los
elementos montados del soporte de yunques de la figura 7;
la figura 9 es una vista desde un extremo distal
de un conjunto alternativo de los elementos del soporte de
yunques;
la figura 10 es una vista isométrica en despiece
ordenado de una realización alternativa de un armazón portador
amovible y de la tira de refuerzo perforada; y
la figura 11 es una vista isométrica de un
instrumento de grapado circular, con un yunque en posición abierta y
un anillo de fijación unido al yunque, en el que se está fijando un
anillo de refuerzo perforado de modo amovible y a rotación sobre el
anillo de
fijación.
fijación.
Haciendo referencia ahora a las figuras, en las
que números semejantes indican el mismo elemento por toda las
vistas, la figura 6 muestra un dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico
hecho de acuerdo con la presente invención. El dispositivo 20 tiene
un soporte 90 de yunques de la presente invención, que fija de modo
liberable una tira de refuerzo 100 perforada al efector terminal 35.
El dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico mostrado es una
endocortadora, y es bien conocida en la técnica para apretar, grapar
y cortar tejido corporal. Alternativamente, el dispositivo 20 de
grapado quirúrgico puede ser uno de varios dispositivos de sujeción
distintos, tales como una grapadora circular, una grapadora, un
aplicador de puntos metálicos, o uno cualquiera de varios
dispositivos de sujeción o grapado distintos capaces de descargas
únicas o múltiples. Las grapas o los sujetadores pueden estar
contenidos dentro de un cartucho de grapas, formado integralmente
con el dispositivo de grapado quirúrgico, o dentro de un cartucho de
grapas amovible, descargar y reemplazar, permitiendo múltiples
descargas desde el mismo dispositivo quirúrgico de sujeción. El
conjunto de la presente invención se ilustra en las figuras
6-11.
El dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico tiene un
mango 25 para que lo agarre el cirujano, un eje 30 alargado, que se
extiende de modo distal desde el mango 25, y un efector terminal 35,
que se extiende de modo distal desde el eje 30. El efector terminal
35 tiene un primer y un segundo miembros de apriete de tejido, de
los que al menos uno es desplazable entre una posición abierta, para
recibir tejido entre ellos, y una posición cerrada, para grapar
tejido entre ellos. El primer miembro de apriete de tejido tiene un
canal 31 fijo, que se extiende desde el eje 30, y un cartucho 45 de
grapas amovible, montado en él. El segundo miembro de apriete de
tejido es un yunque 40 desplazable, que está opuesto al primer
miembro de apriete de tejido. Se muestra el cartucho 45 de grapas
colocado dentro del canal 31 fijo, que contiene una pluralidad de
grapas 49 alojadas dentro. El yunque 40 desplazable está fijado de
manera operativa a un mecanismo activador de cierre 26, que se
extiende desde el mango 25 y se mueve en respuesta al movimiento del
mecanismo activador de cierre 26. Al mover el mecanismo activador de
cierre 26 desde la posición abierta, mostrada en la figura 6, hacia
una empuñadura 27 del mango 25 se mueve el yunque 40 desde la
posición abierta de la figura 6 hasta una posición cerrada (no
mostrada), adyacente al cartucho 45 de grapas amovible. El
movimiento de un mecanismo activador de descarga 28 hacia el
mecanismo activador de cierre 26 (cuando el mecanismo activador de
cierre 26 y el yunque 40 están en la posición cerrada) expulsa la
pluralidad de grapas 49 contenidas dentro del cartucho 45 de grapas
amovible. Las grapas 49 son accionadas desde el cartucho 45 de
grapas amovible, a través de las tiras de refuerzo 60 y 61, y toman
la forma de configuraciones en "B" estanca (no mostradas)
contra el yunque 40. Un ejemplo del dispositivo 20 de grapado
quirúrgico es el TSB35 Endopath^{TM} ETS Endoscopic Linear Cutter,
por la firma Ethicon Endo Surgery, 4545 Creek Road, de Cincinnati,
en Ohio. El dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico y el cartucho 45
de grapas amovible se describen generalmente en la patente de EE.UU.
número 5.597.107, transferida como la presente.
Como se muestra en la figura 6, la primera tira
de refuerzo 60 está fijada de modo liberable a una primera
superficie 46 de apriete de tejido del cartucho 45 de grapas
amovible. La tira de refuerzo 60 se puede formar a partir de una
amplia variedad de materiales de refuerzo, que incluyen VICRYL®,
producido por la firma Ethicon, Inc., de Somerville, en New Jersey,
DEXON®, producido por la firma Sherwood Davis and Geck, en St.
Louis, de Missouri, y TEFLON®, producido por la firma E. I. DuPont
de Nemours & Co., de Wilmington, en Delaware. Adicionalmente,
otros materiales incluyen material animal, tal como pericardio
bovino curtido, elastómeros biocompatibles, tales como glicoluro de
\varepsilon-caprolactona, producidos por la firma
Ethicon Inc., de Gargrave, en Inglaterra, o uno cualquiera de varios
materiales adecuados de refuerzo. Son de especial interés materiales
o espumas adecuados de glicoluro de
\varepsilon-caprolactona, y se describen en la
patente de EE.UU. número 5.468.253. Un objeto de la presente
invención es fijar de modo liberable las tiras de refuerzo 60 y 61 a
al menos una porción del dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico
durante largos períodos de tiempo, hasta dos años o más.
Las figuras 1 a 5 no están de acuerdo con la
invención. En ellas se usa un adhesivo fundido en caliente para
fijar una tira de refuerzo a las superficies de apriete de un
efector terminal.
Las figuras 6-11 ilustran
dispositivos y procedimientos para fijar una tira de refuerzo sobre
un yunque 40 del dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico de la figura
1. La figura 6 muestra el dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico con
un accesorio, o soporte 90 de yunques, asegurado al yunque 40, y una
tira de refuerzo fijada de modo amovible al soporte 90 de yunques.
El soporte 90 de yunques desliza sobre el yunque 40 y se bloquea
sobre el mismo cuando está completamente montado. El bloqueo se
puede desaplicar fácilmente para la retirada o el reemplazo del
soporte 90 de yunques.
Como se muestra mejor en las figuras
7-9, el soporte 90 de yunques está montado a partir
de un bastidor o armazón portador 91 y una tira de refuerzo 100
perforada. El armazón portador 91 es hueco, está adaptado para
deslizar sobre el yunque 40, tiene un cuerpo portador 92 en forma de
"U" invertida y una nariz 95 que se extiende de modo distal
desde él. La nariz 95 puede estar desafilada o ser no traumática
para impedir el daño del tejido durante la colocación del
dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico en la zona quirúrgica. Un
miembro elástico 96 conecta la nariz 95 a un extremo distal del
cuerpo portador 92. Un elemento de bloqueo o retención 97 está
situado sobre una superficie interior (no mostrada) de la nariz 95,
para aplicar de modo liberable el soporte 90 de yunques con el
yunque 40 del dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico. El elemento de
retención 97 puede ser un aplastamiento o nervio convexo que se
aplica con un elemento coincidente cóncavo (no mostrado) sobre el
yunque 40 del dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico. Al levantar la
nariz 95 lejos del yunque 40 (cuando el elemento de retención 97
está aplicado con el yunque 40) se desvía el miembro elástico 96, se
levanta el elemento de retención 97, respecto al elemento
coincidente cóncavo sobre el yunque 40, y se desbloquea el armazón
portador del yunque 40. Una pluralidad de elementos de fijación,
tales como unos ganchos 93 en forma de "L", se extienden hacia
abajo en cada lado del cuerpo portador 92, extendiéndose
horizontalmente unos brazos 94 en la dirección distal desde una
porción vertical o primer miembro 93a de los ganchos 93 en forma de
"L". Mientras que los ganchos 93 son la realización preferida,
se pueden añadir picos, brazos, patillas, resaltes o cualquiera de
varios medios liberables al armazón portador 91. El armazón portador
91 puede estar hecho de un material rígido o semirrígido, tal como
un plástico técnico, cuyos ejemplos pueden incluir polímeros de
cristal líquido, policarbonatos, poliestirenos, o uno cualquiera de
varias clases médicas adecuadas de plásticos técnicos
termoconformados o termoestables. Adicionalmente, el armazón
portador 91 se puede formar también a partir de cualquier material
metálico, tal como aluminio, acero, acero inoxidable, cobre, o de
sus combinaciones y aleaciones.
La tira de refuerzo 100 perforada es una lámina
rectangular formada a partir de cualquiera de los materiales de
refuerzo descritos anteriormente, y tiene filas con unas aberturas
101 separadas que se extienden a su través. La tira de refuerzo 100
perforada se fija sobre el armazón portador 91 roscando cada brazo
horizontal 94 completamente dentro de cada abertura 101 respectiva,
dentro de la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada, hasta que las aberturas
101 se ponen en contacto con el primer miembro 93a o la porción
vertical de los ganchos 93 en forma de "L". Al mover la tira de
refuerzo 100 perforada de modo distal con relación al armazón
portador 91, se separan las aberturas 101 de los brazos 94 y se
libera la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada del armazón portador 91.
Así, la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada es separable del armazón
portador 91 por movimiento lineal en una dirección. Se disponen
flechas en la figura 7 para mostrar la trayectoria de las aberturas
101, a medida que la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada se rosca en los
brazos 94.
La figura 8 es una vista isométrica que muestra
el conjunto preferido de la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada con el
armazón portador 91. En este conjunto, cada uno de los brazos 94 de
los ganchos 93 se muestra colocado en sus aberturas 100 respectivas
dentro de la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada. Cuando los brazos 94
están montados con las aberturas 101, se presenta un ligero
aplastamiento en los bordes del refuerzo 100 perforado de la
colocación de los brazos 94 dentro de las aberturas 101. Cuando el
conjunto preferido del soporte 90 de yunques está instalado sobre el
yunque 40, la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada se estira lejos del
armazón portador 91 gracias a la segunda superficie de apriete 41
del yunque 40, aplanando la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada.
La figura 9 es una vista en corte transversal de
un conjunto alternativo de la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada con el
armazón portador 91. En esta figura, los bordes de la tira de
refuerzo 100 perforada están plegados hacia arriba a lo largo de
cada fila de aberturas 101 en forma general de "U". Los lados
verticales del refuerzo 101 perforado en forma de "U" se
colocan entonces dentro de los ganchos 93, y cada uno de los brazos
94 se rosca en su abertura 101 respectiva. Este procedimiento de
fijación produce una sección horizontal generalmente plana sobre la
tira de refuerzo 100 fijada y perforada.
Durante la operación, el soporte 90 de yunques
se usa de la siguiente manera. El soporte 90 de yunques (que
contiene una tira de refuerzo 100 perforada) se desliza sobre el
yunque 40 abierto del dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico. A
continuación, se cierra el yunque 40 y el efector terminal 35 del
dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico se inserta en el paciente. Se
abre el yunque 40 y el efector terminal se coloca sobre el tejido en
una zona quirúrgica seleccionada. Se cierra el yunque 40 para
apretar el tejido entre una segunda superficie de apriete 41 sobre
el yunque 40 y una primera superficie de apriete 46 sobre el
cartucho de grapas 45 amovible. Se descarga el dispositivo 20 de
grapado quirúrgico, grapando la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada sobre
el tejido y cortando el mismo y el refuerzo entre las líneas de
grapado. Se abre el yunque 40, y el dispositivo 20 de grapado
quirúrgico se retira de modo proximal lejos de la zona quirúrgica. A
medida que se retira el dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico, la
tira de refuerzo 100 grapada y perforada se mantiene fijada al
tejido, y los brazos 94 del armazón portador 91 deslizan hacia fuera
de las aberturas 101, entrando en la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada
y liberando la misma del dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico. Para
recargar el dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico con un nuevo
soporte 90 de yunques, el cirujano debe extraer el dispositivo de
grapado quirúrgico 20 del paciente. A continuación, el cirujano
extrae el armazón portador 91 gastado del yunque 40, levantando la
nariz 95 para desbloquear el elemento de retención 97 del yunque 40,
y hace deslizar el armazón portador 91 fuera del yunque 40. Se
desliza un nuevo soporte 90 de yunques sobre el yunque 40 para
acabar el proceso de recarga.
La figura 10 muestra una realización alternativa
de un armazón portador 191 amovible, pudiéndose separar
simultáneamente tanto del yunque 40 como de la tira de refuerzo 100
perforada, liberando esta última del dispositivo 20 de grapado
quirúrgico en el proceso. El armazón portador 191 amovible tiene un
cuerpo portador 192 alargado, unos ganchos 193, con unos brazos 194,
y un primer miembro 193a, que se extiende desde él, y una nariz 195.
Una lengüeta 198 se extiende desde el extremo proximal del armazón
portador 191 y tiene una larga sutura o cable 199 unido fijamente a
la lengüeta 116. La tira de refuerzo 100 perforada se puede montar
con el armazón portador 115 amovible, de cualquier manera descrita
previamente y mostrada en las figuras 8 y 9.
Durante la operación, el armazón portador 191
amovible, con una tira de refuerzo 100 perforada fijada al mismo, se
desliza sobre el yunque 40 del efector terminal 35. El cable 199 se
extiende entonces de modo proximal desde el armazón portador 191
amovible a lo largo del eje 30, y termina con un extremo libre
adyacente al mango 25 del instrumento 20 de grapado quirúrgico. La
colocación del efector terminal 35 dentro de un paciente (por medio
de un trocar) deja el extremo libre del cable 199 en el exterior del
cuerpo del paciente. Después de apretar el efector terminal 35 sobre
el tejido y descargar el dispositivo 20 de grapado quirúrgico, la
tira de refuerzo 100 perforada se libera del dispositivo 20 de
grapado quirúrgico tirando del cable 199. Al tirar del cable 199, se
mueve simultáneamente el armazón portador 191 amovible de modo
distal y lo separa del yunque 40. A medida que el armazón portador
191 amovible se mueve de modo distal, los brazos 194 se retiran de
las aberturas 101, dentro de la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada,
liberándola del armazón portador 191 amovible y del yunque 40. Al
abrir el yunque 40, se libera la tira de refuerzo 100 perforada y el
tejido fijado del efector terminal 35. El cable 199 se usa entonces
para retirar el armazón portador 115 amovible del paciente por medio
del trocar.
La figura 11 muestra aún otra realización de
cómo fijar de modo amovible un refuerzo perforado a un dispositivo
de grapado, una grapadora 85 circular. En esta realización, el
refuerzo se libera del dispositivo circular de grapado por un
movimiento rotatorio, en lugar de por el movimiento lineal descrito
previamente. Como se muestra, la grapadora 85 circular tiene un
yunque 89 circular abierto y un eje longitudinal. Un anillo de
fijación 105 está unido a o formado a partir del yunque 89 circular.
Unos ganchos 106 con patillas se extienden de modo distal desde el
anillo de fijación 105 hacia el cuerpo del instrumento y tienen
brazos con patillas. Los brazos con patillas se extienden desde los
ganchos 106 con patillas en el mismo sentido contrario al de las
agujas del reloj alrededor de la periferia del yunque 89 circular.
Los ganchos 106 con patillas están espaciados radialmente hacia
fuera, de manera que el yunque 85 circular se puede cerrar
completamente sin aplastar los ganchos 106 con patillas.
Se dispone un anillo de refuerzo 107 perforado
para que se fije a los ganchos 106 con patillas, que se extienden
desde el yunque 89 circular. Una pluralidad de patillas 108 están
espaciadas alrededor de la periferia del anillo de refuerzo 107
perforado, extendiéndose una abertura 109 de patilla a través de
cada patilla 108. Como se muestra, hay cuatro patillas 108
igualmente espaciadas alrededor de la periferia del anillo de
refuerzo 107 perforado, y un número semejante de ganchos 106 con
patillas. Para fijar de modo amovible el anillo de refuerzo 107
perforado a los ganchos 106 con patillas del anillo de fijación 105,
las aberturas 109 de patilla se colocan sobre los brazos 106a con
patillas y el anillo de refuerzo 107 perforado se hace girar en el
sentido de las agujas del reloj. Igualmente, la rotación en sentido
contrario al de las agujas del reloj retira un anillo de refuerzo
107 fijado y perforado. Alternativamente, los brazos 106a con
patillas se pueden extender en el sentido de las agujas del reloj,
en cuyo caso, el anillo de refuerzo 107 perforado se hace girar en
sentido contrario al de las agujas del reloj para instalarlo y en el
sentido de las agujas del reloj para retirarlo. Después de grapar el
anillo de refuerzo 107 perforado sobre el tejido, se abre el yunque
89 circular y la grapadora 85 circular se hace girar en el sentido
de las agujas del reloj para extraer los brazos 94 de las aberturas
de patilla y liberar el anillo de refuerzo 107 perforado de la
grapadora 85 circular. Ya que la grapadora 85 circular es un
instrumento de impacto único, el anillo de fijación 105 se puede
fijar permanentemente o de modo amovible al yunque 89 circular.
Alternativamente, se puede fijar un anillo de refuerzo 107 perforado
sobre la primera superficie de compresión 88 circular, fijando un
segundo anillo de fijación 105, adyacente a la primera superficie de
compresión 88 circular, con los ganchos 106 con patillas que se
extienden de modo distal (no mostrado). Si los anillos de fijación
105 se fijan adyacentes a ambas superficies de compresión primera y
segunda 88, 87 circulares, se debe tener cuidado de orientar ambos
conjuntos de anillos de fijación 94 con ganchos para impedir el
contacto durante el cierre, y los brazos 94 en ambos anillos de
fijación 105 en el mismo sentido (no mostrado). Con los brazos 94
orientados en el mismo sentido, al hacer girar la grapadora 85
circular se separan simultáneamente ambos anillos de refuerzo 107
perforados.
Aunque se han mostrado y descrito realizaciones
particulares de la presente invención, se pueden hacer
modificaciones al dispositivo y/o procedimiento sin salirse del
alcance de la presente invención, como está definida en las
reivindicaciones. Las expresiones usadas al describir la invención
se utilizan en su sentido descriptivo y no como expresiones
limitativas.
Claims (10)
1. Un conjunto (90) para fijar de modo liberable
un material de refuerzo (100) unido al mismo sobre un miembro de
apriete de tejido de un dispositivo (20) de grapado quirúrgico,
comprendiendo dicho conjunto (90):
a. un bastidor (91) sustancialmente rígido, para
conectarse a una superficie superior de no apriete de un miembro de
apriete de tejido de un dispositivo (20) de grapado quirúrgico,
cuando dicho conjunto (90) está dispuesto sobre él; y
b. un material de refuerzo (100), fijado a los
lados primero y segundo de dicho bastidor (91), para apoyarse contra
una superficie inferior de apriete del miembro de apriete de tejido
del dispositivo (20) de grapado quirúrgico, cuando dicho conjunto
(90) está dispuesto sobre él;
caracterizado porque:
el bastidor (91) es un armazón portador (91),
que tiene un cuerpo portador en forma de "U" invertida, y es
para deslizar sobre el miembro de apriete de tejido.
2. El conjunto (90) de la reivindicación 1, en
el que dicho bastidor (91) incluye además un nervio (97) que se
extiende desde una de sus superficies inferiores para aplicación con
un elemento coincidente de un miembro de apriete de tejido.
3. El conjunto (90) de la reivindicación 1, en
el que dicho material de refuerzo (100) tiene una superficie
sustancialmente continua, que se extiende entre dichos lados primero
y segundo de dicho bastidor (91).
4. El conjunto (90) de una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones precedentes, en el que el bastidor (91) está hecho
de un plástico sustancialmente rígido.
5. El conjunto (90) de una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones precedentes, en el que dicho material de refuerzo
(100) tiene una pluralidad de aberturas (101) a lo largo de sus
lados primero y segundo, que se aplican con unos ganchos (194) a lo
largo de dichos lados primero y segundo de dicho bastidor (91), para
fijación de dicho material de refuerzo (100) a dicho bastidor
(91).
6. Un instrumento (20) de grapado quirúrgico
para apretar y grapar tejido, que comprende:
a. un mango (27), estando conectados un primer y
un segundo miembros opuestos de apriete de tejido a dicho mango (27)
y siendo desplazables entre una posición abierta, para recibir
tejido entre ellos, y una posición cerrada para grapar tejido entre
ellos, alojando dicho primer miembro de apriete una pluralidad de
grapas; y
b. un conjunto (90) fijado de modo liberable a
al menos uno de entre dichos primer y segundo miembros de apriete,
siendo dicho conjunto (90) de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las
reivindicaciones precedentes.
7. El instrumento (20) de grapado quirúrgico de
la reivindicación 6, en el que el conjunto (90) está fijado de modo
liberable a dicho segundo miembro de apriete.
8. El instrumento (20) de la reivindicación 6 o
la reivindicación 7, en el que dicho bastidor (91) incluye además un
nervio (97) que se extiende desde una de sus superficies inferiores,
y en el que dicho segundo miembro de apriete comprende además una
escotadura para aplicación con dicho nervio (97), a fin de asegurar
dicho conjunto (90) a dicho al menos un miembro de apriete o a dicho
segundo miembro de apriete, respectivamente.
9. El instrumento (20, 85) de una cualquiera de
las reivindicaciones 6 a 8, en el que dicho bastidor (91, 105) está
hecho de un plástico sustancialmente rígido.
10. El instrumento (20, 85) de una cualquiera de
las reivindicaciones 6 a 9, en el que dicho material de refuerzo
(100, 107) cubre sustancialmente dicha superficie inferior de dicho
al menos un miembro de apriete o de dicho segundo miembro de
apriete.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/850,374 US6656193B2 (en) | 2001-05-07 | 2001-05-07 | Device for attachment of buttress material to a surgical fastening device |
| US850374 | 2001-05-07 | ||
| US09/850,369 US6592597B2 (en) | 2001-05-07 | 2001-05-07 | Adhesive for attaching buttress material to a surgical fastening device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2278875T3 true ES2278875T3 (es) | 2007-08-16 |
Family
ID=68069418
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES02253132T Expired - Lifetime ES2278875T3 (es) | 2001-05-07 | 2002-05-03 | Dispositivo para fijar un material de refuerzo a una grapadora quirurgica. |
| ES02253133T Expired - Lifetime ES2236446T3 (es) | 2001-05-07 | 2002-05-03 | Adhesivo para fijar un material de refuerzo a un dispositivo de sujecion quirurgico. |
| ES06076509T Expired - Lifetime ES2318657T3 (es) | 2001-05-07 | 2002-05-03 | Dispositivo para la sujecion de un material de refuerzo en un dispositivo quirurgico de fijacion. |
Family Applications After (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES02253133T Expired - Lifetime ES2236446T3 (es) | 2001-05-07 | 2002-05-03 | Adhesivo para fijar un material de refuerzo a un dispositivo de sujecion quirurgico. |
| ES06076509T Expired - Lifetime ES2318657T3 (es) | 2001-05-07 | 2002-05-03 | Dispositivo para la sujecion de un material de refuerzo en un dispositivo quirurgico de fijacion. |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6656193B2 (es) |
| EP (3) | EP1759640B1 (es) |
| JP (2) | JP4248803B2 (es) |
| CN (2) | CN1294883C (es) |
| AU (2) | AU784619B2 (es) |
| CA (2) | CA2384950A1 (es) |
| DE (3) | DE60203024T2 (es) |
| ES (3) | ES2278875T3 (es) |
| MX (2) | MXPA02004509A (es) |
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| WO1998038923A1 (en) | 1997-03-04 | 1998-09-11 | Medtronic, Inc. | Bioprothesis film strip for surgical stapler and method of attaching the same |
| US5865361A (en) * | 1997-09-23 | 1999-02-02 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical stapling apparatus |
| CN1106827C (zh) * | 1998-10-27 | 2003-04-30 | 张祖仁 | 外科用管型吻合器 |
| DE19924311A1 (de) | 1999-05-27 | 2000-11-30 | Walter A Rau | Klammerschneidegerät und Zusatzvorrichtung für ein solches |
| US6325810B1 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-12-04 | Ethicon, Inc. | Foam buttress for stapling apparatus |
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-
2001
- 2001-05-07 US US09/850,374 patent/US6656193B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-07 US US09/850,369 patent/US6592597B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2002
- 2002-04-15 AU AU34333/02A patent/AU784619B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-04-16 AU AU34358/02A patent/AU785035B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-05-02 JP JP2002130851A patent/JP4248803B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-02 JP JP2002130857A patent/JP4226267B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-03 DE DE60203024T patent/DE60203024T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-03 EP EP06076509A patent/EP1759640B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-03 DE DE60217008T patent/DE60217008T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-03 EP EP02253132A patent/EP1256317B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-03 CA CA002384950A patent/CA2384950A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-05-03 DE DE60230460T patent/DE60230460D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-03 ES ES02253132T patent/ES2278875T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-03 ES ES02253133T patent/ES2236446T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-03 ES ES06076509T patent/ES2318657T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-03 EP EP02253133A patent/EP1256318B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-06 MX MXPA02004509A patent/MXPA02004509A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2002-05-06 CA CA2384900A patent/CA2384900C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-06 MX MXPA02004507A patent/MXPA02004507A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2002-05-08 CN CNB021189994A patent/CN1294883C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-08 CN CNB021189870A patent/CN1301685C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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