JPH0473858B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0473858B2 JPH0473858B2 JP59152498A JP15249884A JPH0473858B2 JP H0473858 B2 JPH0473858 B2 JP H0473858B2 JP 59152498 A JP59152498 A JP 59152498A JP 15249884 A JP15249884 A JP 15249884A JP H0473858 B2 JPH0473858 B2 JP H0473858B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- silver
- emulsion
- silver halide
- mol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 65
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 36
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002503 iridium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 33
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 16
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 10
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 7
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminophenol Chemical class NC1=CC=CC=C1O CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001565 benzotriazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000005205 dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- NDGRWYRVNANFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidin-3-one Chemical class O=C1CCNN1 NDGRWYRVNANFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- YLVACWCCJCZITJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,3-diol Chemical compound OC1OCCOC1O YLVACWCCJCZITJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propanol Substances CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWIRCRREDNEXTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitro-1h-indazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C([N+](=O)[O-])=NNC2=C1 OWIRCRREDNEXTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OCVLSHAVSIYKLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-1,3-thiazole-2-thione Chemical class SC1=NC=CS1 OCVLSHAVSIYKLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SJSJAWHHGDPBOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dimethyl-1-phenylpyrazolidin-3-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C)(C)CN1C1=CC=CC=C1 SJSJAWHHGDPBOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRUDIIUSNGCQKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=C(C)C=CC2=NNN=C21 LRUDIIUSNGCQKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004397 aminosulfonyl group Chemical group NS(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004964 sulfoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000565 sulfonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUMLZKVIXLWTCI-NSCUHMNNSA-N (e)-2,3-dichloro-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(\Cl)=C(/Cl)C=O LUMLZKVIXLWTCI-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIGNCQCMONAWOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoselenazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2[se]C=NC2=C1 AIGNCQCMONAWOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHMYGUUIMTVXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydrobenzimidazole-2-thione Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(S)=NC2=C1 YHMYGUUIMTVXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODIRBFFBCSTPTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-selenazole Chemical class C1=C[se]C=N1 ODIRBFFBCSTPTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIQZJFKTROUNPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin Chemical compound CC1(C)N(CO)C(=O)NC1=O SIQZJFKTROUNPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole Chemical compound SC1=NN=NN1C1=CC=CC=C1 GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYBFGAFWCBMEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3,5-di(prop-2-enoyl)-1,3,5-triazinan-1-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CN(C(=O)C=C)CN(C(=O)C=C)C1 FYBFGAFWCBMEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAAIPIWKKXCNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-tetrazol-1-ium-5-thiolate Chemical class SC1=NN=NN1 JAAIPIWKKXCNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAZJTCQWIDBCCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-triazine-6-thione Chemical class SC1=CC=NN=N1 HAZJTCQWIDBCCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHPYXVIHDRDPDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-1h-benzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(Br)=NC2=C1 PHPYXVIHDRDPDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYPSHJCKSDNETA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1h-benzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(Cl)=NC2=C1 AYPSHJCKSDNETA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRTDQDCPEZRVGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitro-1h-benzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC([N+](=O)[O-])=NC2=C1 KRTDQDCPEZRVGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZGTYCFBIJQZMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sulfanylbenzimidazole-2-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=NC(S(=O)(=O)O)(S)N=C21 HZGTYCFBIJQZMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSIAIROWMJGMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-triazol-4-amine Chemical class NC1=CNN=N1 JSIAIROWMJGMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTACQVCHVAUOKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(diethylamino)propane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC(O)CO LTACQVCHVAUOKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVVFUAACPKXXKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydro-1,3-selenazole Chemical class C1CN=C[Se]1 MVVFUAACPKXXKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFIQGRISGKSVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylaminophenol Chemical compound CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZFIQGRISGKSVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTMDJGPRCLQPBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitro-1h-1,2,3-benzotriazole Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 UTMDJGPRCLQPBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSGURAYTCUVDQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-nitro-1h-indazole Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C2NN=CC2=C1 WSGURAYTCUVDQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical class OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910021639 Iridium tetrachloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021638 Iridium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001016 Ostwald ripening Methods 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Taurine Natural products NCCS(O)(=O)=O XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical group C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HOLVRJRSWZOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].ICl Chemical compound [Ag].ICl HOLVRJRSWZOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEIPQVVAVOUIOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Au]=S Chemical compound [Au]=S XEIPQVVAVOUIOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003668 acetyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004442 acylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001346 alkyl aryl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005599 alkyl carboxylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001556 benzimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- AMTXUWGBSGZXCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[e][1,3]benzoselenazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(N=C[se]3)=C3C=CC2=C1 AMTXUWGBSGZXCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXNQKOAQSGJCQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[e][1,3]benzothiazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(N=CS3)=C3C=CC2=C1 KXNQKOAQSGJCQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMUIZUWOEIQJEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[e][1,3]benzoxazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(N=CO3)=C3C=CC2=C1 WMUIZUWOEIQJEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001584 benzyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC1=CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000001661 cadmium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001951 carbamoylamino group Chemical group C(N)(=O)N* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005521 carbonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WYYQVWLEPYFFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Cr+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O WYYQVWLEPYFFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002012 dioxanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- AKCUHGBLDXXTOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy-oxo-phenyl-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound SS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 AKCUHGBLDXXTOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M merocyanine Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1N(CCCC)C(=O)N(CCCC)C(=O)C1=C\C=C\C=C/1N(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O\1 DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- ZAKLKBFCSHJIRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N mucochloric acid Natural products OC1OC(=O)C(Cl)=C1Cl ZAKLKBFCSHJIRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004957 nitroimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002916 oxazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002918 oxazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxymethurea Chemical compound OCNC(=O)NCO QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005308 oxymethurea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006179 pH buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000001420 photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000120 polyethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019252 potassium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- HBCQSNAFLVXVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidine-2-thiol Chemical class SC1=NC=CC=N1 HBCQSNAFLVXVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003283 rhodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CALMYRPSSNRCFD-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachloroiridium Chemical compound Cl[Ir](Cl)(Cl)Cl CALMYRPSSNRCFD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003475 thallium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003549 thiazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001391 thioamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003567 thiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004764 thiosulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea group Chemical group NC(=S)N UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940062627 tribasic potassium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DANYXEHCMQHDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichloroiridium Chemical compound Cl[Ir](Cl)Cl DANYXEHCMQHDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/035—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein characterised by the crystal form or composition, e.g. mixed grain
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/061—Hydrazine compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
- G03C1/10—Organic substances
- G03C1/12—Methine and polymethine dyes
- G03C1/14—Methine and polymethine dyes with an odd number of CH groups
- G03C1/16—Methine and polymethine dyes with an odd number of CH groups with one CH group
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
- G03C1/10—Organic substances
- G03C1/12—Methine and polymethine dyes
- G03C1/14—Methine and polymethine dyes with an odd number of CH groups
- G03C1/18—Methine and polymethine dyes with an odd number of CH groups with three CH groups
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/035—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein characterised by the crystal form or composition, e.g. mixed grain
- G03C2001/03535—Core-shell grains
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/035—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein characterised by the crystal form or composition, e.g. mixed grain
- G03C2001/03558—Iodide content
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C2200/00—Details
- G03C2200/06—Additive
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/15—Lithographic emulsion
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Description
ïŒç£æ¥äžã®å©çšåéïŒ
æ¬çºæã¯ã°ã©ãã€ãã¯ã»ã¢ãŒãã®åéã«ãããŠ
æçšãªããã²ã³åéåçæå ææåã³ãããçšã
ãè¶ ç¡¬èª¿ãã¬ç»åã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³ã«é¢ãããã®ã§ã
ãã ïŒåŸæ¥æè¡ïŒ ã°ã©ãã€ãã¯ã»ã¢ãŒãã®åéã«ãããŠã¯ç¶²ç¹ç»
åã«ããé£ç¶é調ã®ç»åã®åçãããã¯ç·ç»åã®
åçãè¯å¥œãªããããããã«ãè¶ ç¡¬èª¿ïŒç¹ã«ã¬ã³
ãã10以äžïŒã®åçç¹æ§ã瀺ãç»å圢æã·ã¹ãã
ãå¿ èŠã§ããã åŸæ¥ãã®ç®çã®ããã«ã¯ãªã¹çŸå液ãšåŒã°ãã
ç¹å¥ãªçŸå液ãçšããããããããªã¹çŸå液ã¯çŸ
åäž»è¬ãšããŠãã€ããããã³ã®ã¿ãå«ã¿ããã®äŒ
æçŸåæ§ãé»å®³ããªãããã«ä¿æå€ããäºç¡«é žå¡©
ããã«ã ã¢ã«ããããšã®ä»å ç©ã®åœ¢ã«ããŠçšãé
é¢ã®äºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ã®æ¿åºŠã極ããŠäœãïŒéåžž0.1
ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äžïŒããŠããããã®ãããªã¹çŸå液ã¯
極ããŠç©ºæ°é žåãåããããïŒæ¥ãè¶ããä¿åã«
èããããªããšããé倧ãªæ¬ ç¹ãæã€ãŠããã é«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ãã®åçç¹æ§ãå®å®ãªçŸå液ãçš
ããŠåŸãæ¹æ³ãšããŠã¯ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4224401å·ãå
第4168977å·ãå第4166742å·ãå第4311781å·ã
å第4272606å·ãå第4211857å·ãå第4243739å·
çã«èšèŒãããŠããããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãçšããæ¹
æ³ãããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãè¶ ç¡¬èª¿ã§æ床ã®é«
ãåçç¹æ§ãåŸãããæŽã«çŸå液äžã«é«æ¿åºŠã®äº
ç¡«é žå¡©ãå ããããšã蚱容ãããã®ã§ãçŸå液ã®
空æ°é žåã«å¯Ÿããå®å®æ§ã¯ãªã¹çŸå液ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠé£
èºçã«åäžããã ãããããã®ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãçšããæ¹æ³ã«
ã¯æå ææãçµæä¿åããå Žåã«æ床ãé調ãäœ
äžãããšãã€ãåé¡ãããããŸãããäžå±€æ床ã
é«ããã¹ãå ¬ç¥ã®å¢ææ段ïŒäŸãã°ããã²ã³åé
ç²åãµã€ãºã倧ãããããã貎éå±å¢æãæœãã
ãããæ段ïŒãæœããšããã®åéã§é»ãããšåŒã°
ããæ éãçºçãããšãã€ãåé¡ããã€ãããã
ã§é»ãããšã¯ãéç»åéšïŒäŸãã°ç¶²ç¹ãšç¶²ç¹ã®
éïŒã«çããã¹ãããç¶ã®é»ãæç¹ãæããçŸå
液ãçµæã«ããç²åŽããŠãã®PHãé«ããªã€ããšã
ã«é¡èã«çºçããåçå質ãèããæãªããã®ã§
ããã ïŒçºæã®ç®çïŒ åŸã€ãŠãæ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãå®å®ãªçŸå液ãçšã
ãŠè¶ 硬調ãªåçç¹æ§ãåŸãããšãã§ããæŽã«çµæ
ä¿åæ§ã«åªããé«æ床ã§ãã€é»ããã®çºçãå°ãª
ãããã²ã³åéåçæå ææãšãããçšããè¶ ç¡¬
調ãã¬ç»åã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³ãæäŸããã«ããã ïŒçºæã®æ§æïŒ æ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãéïŒã¢ã«åœãïŒÃ10-8ãïŒÃ
10-5ã¢ã«ã®ã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ã®ååšäžã§èª¿è£œãããã
ã€ç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçãç²åã®å¹³åã®æ²åé
å«æçããã倧ããããã²ã³åéç²åãããªãã
ãã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã®å±€ãæããæŽã«è©²ä¹³å€å±€ãŸãã¯
ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«äžèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§ç€ºã
ããååç©ãå«æããããšãç¹åŸŽãšãããã¬åã
ãã²ã³åéåçæå ææãšããã®ããã²ã³åéå
çæå ææã0.15ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äžã®äºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ã
å«ã¿ãã€PHã9.5ã12.3ã®çŸå液ã§åŠçããè¶ ç¡¬
調ãã¬ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠéæãããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ R1âNHNHâCHO ãåŒäžR1ã¯èèªæåºãŸãã¯è³éŠæåºãè¡šããã æ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€äžã«å«æãããã
ãæ²åéç²åã¯éïŒã¢ã«åœãïŒÃ10-8ãªããïŒÃ
10-5ã®ã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ã®ååšäžã§èª¿è£œããããã€ç²
åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçãç²åã®å¹³åã®æ²åéå«æ
çããã倧ãããšããç¹åŸŽãæã€ãŠããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯ãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã®è£œé å·¥
çšã®ç©ççæçµäºåãšãã«ç²å圢ææã«äžèšã®é
ã®ã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ãå ããããšãæãŸããã ããã§çšããããã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ã¯æ°Žæº¶æ§ã®ã€ãª
ãžãŠã å¡©ãŸãã¯ã€ãªãžãŠã é¯å¡©ã§ãäŸãã°äžå¡©å
ã€ãªãžãŠã ãåå¡©åã€ãªãžãŠã ããããµã¯ããã€
ãªãžãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ããããµã¯ããã€ãªãž
ãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ããããµã¯ããã€ãªãžãŠã
ïŒïŒé žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãªã©ãã§ããã äžèšã«ãããŠç²åè¡šé¢ãšã¯è¡šé¢ãã100Aã
200AãŸã§ã®æ·±ãããããæ¬çºæã®ããæ²åéãš
ããŠã¯ãã®æå³ã§ã®ç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçãç²
åå¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçããã50ïŒ ä»¥äžå€§ãããã®
ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã ããæ²åéç²åã®ç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçã¯ïŒž
ç·å é»ååå è£ çœ®ïŒXPSïŒãçšããŠæž¬å®ããã
ãšãã§ããç²åã®å¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçã¯è©Šæã
300âãïŒæéã¢ããŒã«ããæ²åéã®ååžãåäž
ã«ããŠããåæ§ã«XPSãçšããŠæž¬å®ããããšã
ã§ããã ãã®ãããªæ²åéå«æçã®ç²åå ååžãæã€ã
ããæ²åéä¹³å€ã圢æããã«ã¯ãäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±
第2592250å·ãå4075020å·åæ现æžãç¹éæ55â
127549å·å ¬å ±ãªã©ã«èšèŒãããŠããã³ã³ããŒãžãš
ã³æ³ããŸãè±åœç¹èš±ç¬¬1027146å·æ现æžçã«èšèŒ
ãããŠããã³ã¢ïŒã·ãšã«ä¹³å€èª¿è£œæ³ãªã©ã®æ £çšã®
ææ³ãçšããããšãã§ãããããå ·äœçã«ã¯ãäŸ
ãã°æž©åºŠãäžå®ã«ä¿ã€ããŒã©ãã³æº¶æ¶²äžã«ç¡é žé
氎溶液ãšèåã«ãªãŠã 氎溶液ãäžå®ã®PAgãä¿
ã€ããã«ããŠåææ·»å ããŠèåéã調補ãã次ã
ã§æ²åã«ãªãŠã 氎溶液ãæ·»å ããŠè¡šé¢ãã³ã³ããŒ
ã·ãšã³ããæ¹æ³ãäžèšæ¹æ³ã«ãããŠæ²åã«ãªãŠã
ãæ·»å ãã代ããã«ç¡é žé氎溶液ã®æ·»å çµäºçŽå
ã«èåã«ãªãŠã 氎溶液ãšåæã«æ²åã«ãªãŠã 氎溶
液ãæ·»å ããæ¹æ³ãåæ§ã«ç¡é žé氎溶液ã®æ·»å çµ
äºçŽåããçµäºåŸã®ããããã®ææã«åŸ®ç²åæ²å
éãåå¿å®¹åšã«æ·»å ããŠãªã¹ãã¯ã«ãçæã«ãŠè
åéïŒã³ã¢ïŒè¡šé¢ã«æ²åéïŒã·ãšã«ïŒã圢æãã
ãæ¹æ³ãªã©ãããããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠç²åãµ
ã€ãºãå€æŽããã«ã¯ç¡é žé氎溶液ãšèåã«ãªãŠã
氎溶液ã®æ·»å æéãšåå¿å®¹åšã®æž©åºŠãå€ããã°ã
ãã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããããæ²åéç²åã¯æ²
èåéãæ²å¡©èåéãå¡©æ²åéã®ããããã§ãã
æ²åéã®å«æçã¯ç²åå¹³åã§0.01ã10ã¢ã«ïŒ ã奜
ãŸããã¯0.1ãïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ã§ãããç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã
ãã²ã³çµæã¯æ²èåéã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããããæ²åéã®å¹³åç²åãµã€
ãºã¯åŸ®ç²åïŒäŸãã°0.7Ό以äžïŒã®æ¹ã奜ãŸããã
ç¹ã«0.5Ό以äžã奜ãŸãããç²åãµã€ãºååžã¯åºæ¬
çã«ã¯å¶éã¯ãªãããååæ£ã§ããæ¹ã奜ãŸã
ããããã§ããååæ£ãšã¯ééãããã¯ç²åæ°ã§
å°ãªããšããã®95ïŒ ãå¹³åç²åãµã€ãºã®Â±40ïŒ ä»¥
å ã®å€§ãããæã€ç²å矀ããæ§æãããŠããããš
ãããã åçä¹³å€äžã®ããæ²åéç²åã¯ç«æ¹äœãå «é¢äœ
ã®ãããªèŠåçïŒregularïŒãªçµæ¶äœãæããã
ã®ã§ãããããŸãçç¶ãæ¿ç¶ãªã©ã®ãããªå€åç
ïŒirregularïŒãªçµæ¶ãæã€ãã®ããããã¯ããã
ã®çµæ¶åœ¢ã®è€å圢ããã€ãã®ã§ãã€ãŠãããã ããæ²åéç²åã¯å éšãšè¡šå±€ãåäžãªçžããæ
ã€ãŠããŠããç°ãªãçžãããªã€ãŠããŠãããã
å¥ã ã«åœ¢æããïŒçš®ä»¥äžã®ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ãæ··
åããŠäœ¿çšããŠãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããæ²åéä¹³å€ã«ã¯ããã²ã³å
éç²åã®åœ¢æãŸãã¯ç©ççæã®éçšã«ãããŠã«ã
ããŠã å¡©ãäºç¡«é žå¡©ãéå¡©ãã¿ãªãŠã å¡©ãããžãŠ
ã å¡©ãããã¯ãã®é¯å¡©ãªã©ãå ±åãããŠãããã 次ã«æ¬çºæã§çšããããã©ãžã³èªå°äœã«ã€ããŠ
説æããã æ¬çºæã§çšããããã©ãžã³èªå°äœã¯äžèšã®äžè¬
åŒïŒïŒã§è¡šãããååç©ã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ R1âNHNHâCHO åŒäžR1ã¯èèªæåºãŸãã¯è³éŠæåºãè¡šããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã«ãããŠãR1ã§è¡šãããèèªæ
åºã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ã®ãã®ã§ãã€ãŠãç¹
ã«ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéãåå²ãŸãã¯ç°ç¶ã®ã¢ã«ã
ã«åºã§ãããããã§åå²ã¢ã«ãã«åºã¯ãã®äžã«ïŒ
ã€ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®ãããååãå«ãã 飜åã®ã
ããç°ã圢æããããã«ç°åãããŠããŠãããã
ãŸããã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã¯ãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·
åºãã¹ã«ããã·åºãã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãã«ã«ãã³
ã¢ããåºçã®çœ®æåºãæããŠããŠãããã äŸãã°ïœâããã«åºãïœâãªã¯ãã«åºãïœâãª
ã¯ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãããã·ã«åºããããªãžã«åºãã€
ãããŸãªã«åºãããã©ãããããªã«åºãã¢ã«ããª
ãªãåºãªã©ããã®äŸãšããŠæããããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã«ãããŠR1ã§è¡šãããè³éŠæåº
ã¯åç°ãŸãã¯ïŒç°ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯äžé£œåãã
ãç°åºã§ãããããã§äžé£œåãããç°åºã¯åç°ãŸ
ãã¯ïŒç°ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãšçž®åããŠãããã¢ãªãŒã«
åºã圢æããŠãããã äŸãã°ãã³ãŒã³ç°ãããã¿ã¬ã³ç°ãããªãžã³
ç°ãããªããžã³ç°ãã€ãããŸãŒã«ç°ãããã©ãŸãŒ
ã«ç°ããããªã³ç°ãã€ãœãããªã³ç°ããã³ãºã€ã
ããŸãŒã«ç°ããã¢ãŸãŒã«ç°ããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãŒã«ç°
çãããããªãã§ããã³ãŒã³ç°ãå«ããã®ã奜ãŸ
ããã R1ãšããŠç¹ã«å¥œãŸãããã®ã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã§ã
ãã R1ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯è³éŠåºã¯çœ®æåºãæã€
ãŠããŠãããã 代衚çãªçœ®æåºãšããŠã¯ãçŽéãåå²ãŸãã¯ç°
ç¶ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã
ã®ïŒãã¢ã©ã«ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éšåã®
ççŽ æ°ãïŒãïŒã®åç°ãŸãã¯ïŒç°ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã«
ã³ãã·åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒã眮
æã¢ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«
åºã§çœ®æãããã¢ããåºïŒãã¢ã·ã«ã¢ããåºïŒå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ãæã€ãã®ïŒãã¹ã«ãã³ã¢
ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ãæã€ãã®ïŒã
ãŠã¬ã€ãåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ãæã€ã
ã®ïŒãªã©ãããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®R1ã¯ãã®äžã«ã«ãã©ãŒçã®äž
åæ§åççšæ·»å å€ã«ãããŠåžžçšãããŠãããã©ã¹
ãåºãçµã¿èŸŒãŸããŠãããã®ã§ãããããã©ã¹ã
åºã¯ïŒä»¥äžã®ççŽ æ°ãæããåçæ§ã«å¯ŸããŠæ¯èŒ
çäžæŽ»æ§ãªåºã§ãããäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã³
ãã·åºãããšãã«åºãã¢ã«ãã«ããšãã«åºãããš
ããã·åºãã¢ã«ãã«ããšããã·åºãªã©ã®äžããéž
ã¶ããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®R1ã¯ãã®äžã«ããã²ã³åéç²
åè¡šé¢ã«å¯Ÿããåžçã匷ããåºãçµã¿èŸŒãŸããŠã
ããã®ã§ãããããããåžçåºãšããŠã¯ãããªå°¿
çŽ åºãè€çŽ ç°ããªã¢ããåºãã¡ã«ã«ããè€çŽ ç°
åºãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«åºãªã©ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4385108å·
ã«èšèŒãããåºããããããã ãããã®ååç©ã®åææ³ã¯ç¹éæ53â20921å·ã
å53â20922å·ãå53â66732å·ãå53â20318å·
ãªã©ã«èšèŒãããŠããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§è¡šãããåå
ç©ãåçæå ææäžã«å«æããããšãã«ã¯ããã
ã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ã«å«æãããã®ã奜ãŸããããã
以å€ã®éæå æ§ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ïŒäŸãã°ä¿è·
å±€ãäžéå±€ããã€ã«ã¿ãŒå±€ããã¬ãŒã·ãšã³é²æ¢å±€
ãªã©ïŒã«å«æãããŠããããå ·äœçã«ã¯äœ¿çšãã
ååç©ã氎溶æ§ã®å Žåã«ã¯æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãšããŠããŸãé£
氎溶æ§ã®å Žåã«ã¯ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«é¡ããšã¹ãã«é¡ãã±
ãã³é¡ãªã©ã®æ°Žãšæ··åãããææ©æº¶åªã®æº¶æ¶²ãšã
ãŠã芪氎æ§ã³ãã€ã溶液ã«æ·»å ããã°ããããã
ã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ã«æ·»å ããå Žåã¯ååŠçæã®éå§
ããå¡åžåãŸã§ã®ä»»æã®ææã«è¡ã€ãŠããããå
åŠçæçµäºåŸããå¡åžåã®éã«æ·»å ããã®ã奜ãŸ
ãããç¹ã«å¡åžã®ããã«çšæãããŠå¡åžæ¶²äžã«æ·»
å ããã®ãããã æ¬çºæã®äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§è¡šãããååç©ã®å«æ
éã¯ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã®ç²ååŸãããã²ã³çµæã
ååŠå¢æã®æ¹æ³ãšçšåºŠã該ååç©ãå«æãããå±€
ãšããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ã®é¢ä¿ãã«ããªé²æ¢ååç©
ã®çš®é¡ãªã©ã«å¿ããŠæé©ã®éãéžæããããšãæ
ãŸããããã®éžæã®ããã®è©Šéšã®æ¹æ³ã¯åœæ¥è ã®
ããç¥ããšããã§ãããéåžžã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ããã²
ã³åéïŒã¢ã«åœã10-6ã¢ã«ãªããïŒÃ10-1ã¢ã«ã
ç¹ã«10-5ãªããïŒÃ10-2ã¢ã«ã®ç¯å²ã§çšããã
ãã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ã®å ·äœäŸã以äž
ã«ç€ºããäœãæ¬çºæã¯ä»¥äžã®ååç©ã«éå®ããã
ãã®ã§ã¯ãªãã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã¯åçæå ææã®
åéã§å ¬ç¥ã®çš®ã ã®å¢æè²çŽ ãäŸãã°ã·ã¢ãã³è²
çŽ ãã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãªã©ã§åå å¢æãããŠããŠ
ãããã奜ãŸããçšããããå¢æè²çŽ ã¯ç¹éæ55
â52050å·ã«èšèŒãããŠããè²çŽ ãªã©ã§ãããã
ãã®ãªãã§ãäžèšã®äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§ãããããã·
ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãç¹ã«å¥œé©ã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ åŒäžãZ1ãZ2ã¯ã·ã¢ãŸãŒã«æ žããã¢ãŸãªã³æ žã
ãã³ãºãã¢ãŸãŒã«æ žãããããã¢ãŸãŒã«æ žããªã
ãµãŸãŒã«æ žããã³ãºãªããµãŸãŒã«æ žããªããµãŸãª
ã³æ žãããããªããµãŸãŒã«æ žãã€ãããŸãŒã«æ žã
ãã³ãŸã€ãããŸãŒã«æ žãã€ãããŸãªã³æ žãã»ã¬ã
ãŸãŒã«æ žãã»ã¬ããŸãªã³æ žããã³ãŸã»ã¬ããŸãŒã«
æ žãŸãã¯ãããã»ã¬ããŸãŒã«æ žã圢æããã®ã«å¿
èŠãªåå矀ãè¡šããã R1ãR2ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºåã¯çœ®æã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡š
ãããäœããR1ãR2ã®å°ããšãïŒã€ã¯ã¹ã«ãåº
åã¯ã«ã«ããã·åºãæããŠãããã®ãšããã L1ãL2ã¯çœ®æåã¯ç¡çœ®æã¡ã¿ã³åºãè¡šããã ïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ãè¡šããã Z1ãZ2ã«ãã€ãŠåœ¢æãããæ žã«ã¯ãã·ã¢ãã³è²
çŽ ã®åéã§ããç¥ãããŠããããã«ã眮æåºãå°
å ¥ãããŠããŠãããããã®çœ®æåºãšããŠã¯äŸãã°
ã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã«ã«ãã
ã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãã¢ã©ã«ãã«åºãããã²ã³åå
çãæããããã R1åã³R2ã¯åã åäžã§ãã€ãŠãç°ã€ãŠããŠã
ãããR1ãR2ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãšããŠã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ç
çŽ ååæ°ïŒãïŒã®ãã®ãäŸãã°ã¡ãã«åºããšãã«
åºããããã«åºãããã«åºããã³ãã«åºãããã
ã«åºãªã©ã§ããã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºã®çœ®æåºãšããŠ
ã¯ãäŸãã°ã«ã«ããã·åºãã¹ã«ãåºãã·ã¢ãåºã
ããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°ããçŽ ååãå¡©çŽ ååãè
çŽ ååãªã©ïŒãããããã·åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã«ã«ã
ãã«åºïŒççŽ ååæ°ïŒä»¥äžãäŸãã°ã¡ããã·ã«ã«
ããã«åºããšããã·ã«ã«ããã«åºããã³ãžã«ãªã
ã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãªã©ïŒãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒççŽ åå
æ°ïŒä»¥äžãäŸãã°ã¡ããã·åºããšããã·åºããã
ããã·åºããããã·åºããã³ãžã«ãªãã·åºãªã©ïŒã
ã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·åºïŒäŸãã°ããšããã·åºãïœâã
ãªã«ãªãã·åºãªã©ïŒãã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºïŒççŽ åå
æ°ïŒä»¥äžãäŸãã°ã¢ã»ãã«ãªãã·åºãããããªã
ã«ãªãã·åºãªã©ïŒãã¢ã·ã«åºïŒççŽ ååæ°ïŒä»¥äžã
äŸãã°ã¢ã»ãã«åºãããããªãã«åºããã³ãŸã€ã«
åºãã¡ã·ã«åºãªã©ïŒãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã«
ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºãïŒïŒ®âãžã¡ãã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«
åºãã¢ã«ããªãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºããããªãžãã«ã«
ãã¢ã€ã«åºãªã©ïŒãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¹
ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãïŒïŒ®âãžã¡ãã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€
ã«åºãã¢ã«ããªãã¹ã«ããã«åºãªã©ïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«
åºïŒäŸãã°ããšãã«åºãïœâããããã·ããšãã«
åºãïœâã«ã«ããã·ããšãã«åºãïœâã¹ã«ãããš
ãã«åºãαâãããã«åºãªã©ïŒãããã眮æã¢ã«
ãã«åºã®å¥œãŸããççŽ æ°ã¯ïŒä»¥äžã§ããã L1ãL2ã®çœ®æã¡ãã³åºãšããŠã¯äœçŽã¢ã«ãã«
åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ãã«åºããšãã«åºããããã«åºãª
ã©ïŒãããšãã«åºããã³ãžã«åºãªã©ãæããããš
ãã§ããã 以äžã«æ¬çºæã«äœ¿çšããã«é©ããã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ
ã®å ·äœäŸãæããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã«ã¯ãæå ææã®
補é å·¥çšãä¿åäžãããã¯åçåŠçäžã®ã«ããªã
é²æ¢ãããããã¯åçæ§èœãå®å®åãããç®ç
ã§ãçš®ã ã®ååç©ãå«æãããããšãã§ãããã
ãªãã¡ã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãäŸãã°ãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªãŠã
å¡©ããããã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãããããã³ãºã€ãã
ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¯ãããã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãããã¢
ãã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãŸãŒã«
é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãã
ãã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãŸãŒã«
é¡ãã¢ããããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«
é¡ãããããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ããã
ãã©ãŸãŒã«é¡ïŒç¹ã«ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ã«ã«ã
ãããã©ãŸãŒã«ïŒãªã©ïŒã¡ã«ã«ããããªããžã³
é¡ïŒã¡ã«ã«ããããªã¢ãžã³é¡ïŒããšãã°ãªããµã
ãªã³ããªã³ã®ãããªããªã±ãååç©ïŒã¢ã¶ã€ã³ã
ã³é¡ãããšãã°ããªã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ãããã©ã¢ã¶
ã€ã³é¡ïŒç¹ã«ïŒâããããã·çœ®æïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ3aïŒ
ïŒïŒããã©ã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ïŒããã³ã¿ã¢ã¶ã€ã³ã
ã³é¡ãªã©ïŒãã³ãŒã³ããªã¹ã«ããªã³é žããã³ãŒã³
ã¹ã«ãã€ã³é žããã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ããªã³é žã¢ããçã®
ãããªã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãŸãã¯å®å®å€ãšããŠç¥ãã
ããå€ãã®ååç©ãå ããããšãã§ããã ãããã®äžã§ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã®ã¯ãã³ãŸããªã¢
ãŸãŒã«é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«
åã³ãããã€ã³ãã ãŒã«é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâãããã€
ã³ããŸãŒã«ïŒã§ããããŸãããããã®ååç©ãåŠ
ç液ã«å«æãããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®åçæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€å±€ãã®ä»
ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ç¡æ©ãŸãã¯ææ©ã®ç¡¬èå€ã
å«æããŠãããäŸãã°ã¯ãã å¡©ïŒã¯ãã ããšãŠã
ã³ãé ¢é žã¯ãã ãªã©ïŒãã¢ã«ãããé¡ãïŒãã«ã ã¢
ã«ããããã°ãªãªããµãŒã«ãã°ã«ã¿ãŒã«ã¢ã«ãã
ããªã©ïŒãâã¡ãããŒã«ååç©ïŒãžã¡ãããŒã«
å°¿çŽ ãã¡ãããŒã«ãžã¡ãã«ããã³ãã€ã³ãªã©ïŒã
ãžãªããµã³èªå°äœïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãžãªã
ãµã³ãªã©ïŒã掻æ§ããã«ååç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâã
ãªã¢ã¯ãªãã€ã«âãããµãããâïœâããªã¢ãž
ã³ãïŒïŒïŒâããã«ã¹ã«ããã«âïŒâãããããŒ
ã«ãªã©ïŒã掻æ§ããã²ã³ååç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ã
ã«âïŒâããããã·âïœâããªã¢ãžã³ãªã©ïŒãã
ã³ããã²ã³é žé¡ïŒã ã³ã¯ãã«é žãã ã³ããšããã·
ã¯ãã«é žãªã©ïŒããªã©ãåç¬ãŸãã¯çµã¿åãããŠ
çšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã®åçä¹³å€å±€
ãŸãã¯ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ã¯å¡åžå©å€ã垯é»
é²æ¢ãã¹ããªæ§æ¹è¯ãä¹³ååæ£ãæ¥çé²æ¢åã³å
çç¹æ§æ¹è¯ïŒäŸãã°ãçŸåä¿é²ã硬調åãå¢æïŒ
ççš®ã ã®ç®çã§çš®ã ã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãå«ãã§ãã
ãã äŸãã°ãµããã³ïŒã¹ããã€ãç³»ïŒãã¢ã«ãã¬ã³
ãªããµã€ãèªå°äœïŒäŸãã°ããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒ
ã«ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ïŒããªãããã¬ã³ã°
ãªã³ãŒã«çž®åç©ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ã«ã
ã«ãšãŒãã«é¡åã¯ããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ã«ã
ã«ã¢ãªãŒã«ãšãŒãã«é¡ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«
ãšã¹ãã«é¡ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãœã«ãã¿ã³
ãšã¹ãã«é¡ãããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ã«ãã«
ã¢ãã³åã¯ã¢ããé¡ãã·ãªã³ãŒã³ã®ããªãšãã¬ã³
ãªããµã€ãä»å ç©é¡ïŒãã°ãªã·ããŒã«èªå°äœïŒäŸ
ãã°ã¢ã«ã±ãã«ã³ãã¯é žããªã°ãªã»ãªããã¢ã«ã
ã«ããšããŒã«ããªã°ãªã»ãªãïŒãå€äŸ¡ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«
ã®èèªé žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãç³ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãšã¹ãã«é¡ãª
ã©ã®éã€ãªã³æ§çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ïŒã¢ã«ãã«ã«ã«ãã³é ž
å¡©ãã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ããªã³é žå¡©ãã¢ã«ãã«ãã³ãŒã³
ã¹ã«ããªã³é žå¡©ãã¢ã«ãã«ããã¿ã¬ã³ã¹ã«ããªã³
é žå¡©ãã¢ã«ãã«ç¡«é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãã¢ã«ãã«ãªã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«é¡ãâã¢ã·ã«ââã¢ã«ãã«ã¿ãŠãªã³
é¡ãã¹ã«ãã³ãã¯é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãã¹ã«ãã¢ã«ãã«
ããªãªãã·ãšãã¬ã³ã¢ã«ãã«ããšãã«ãšãŒãã«
é¡ãããªãªãã·ãšãã¬ã³ã¢ã«ãã«ãªã³é žãšã¹ãã«
é¡ãªã©ã®ãããªãã«ã«ããã·åºãã¹ã«ãåºããã¹
ãåºãç¡«é žãšã¹ãã«åºããªã³é žãšã¹ãã«åºçã®é ž
æ§åºãå«ãã¢ããªã³çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ïŒã¢ããé žé¡ãã¢
ããã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žé¡ãã¢ããã¢ã«ãã«ç¡«é ž
åã¯ãªã³é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãã¢ã«ãã«ãã¿ã€ã³é¡ãã¢
ãã³ãªãã·ãé¡ãªã©ã®äž¡æ§çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ïŒã¢ã«ãã«
ã¢ãã³å¡©é¡ãèèªæãããã¯è³éŠæ第ïŒçŽã¢ã³ã¢
ããŠã å¡©é¡ãããªãžããŠã ãã€ãããŸãªãŠã ãªã©
ã®è€çŽ ç°ç¬¬ïŒçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©é¡ãåã³èèªæå
ã¯è€çŽ ç°ãå«ããã¹ãããŠã åã¯ã¹ã«ãããŠã å¡©
é¡ãªã©ã®ã«ããªã³çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãçšããããšãã§ã
ãã ç¹ã«æ¬çºæã«ãããŠå¥œãŸããçšããããçé¢æŽ»
æ§å€ã¯ç¹å ¬æ58â9412å·å ¬å ±ã«èšèŒãããååé
600以äžã®ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãé¡ã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããåçæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€å±€
ãã®ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«å¯žæ³å®å®æ§ã®æ¹è¯ãª
ã©ã®ç®çã§ãæ°Žäžæº¶åã¯é£æº¶æ§åæããªããŒã®å
æ£ç©ãå«ãããšãã§ãããäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡
ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã°ãªã·ãžã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒ
ããïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ãããããã«ãšã¹ãã«
ïŒäŸãã°é ¢é žããã«ïŒãã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ããªã¬ã
ã€ã³ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãªã©ã®åç¬ãããã¯çµåããåã¯
ããããšã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é žãαïŒÎ²âäž
飜åãžã«ã«ãã³é žãããããã·ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã¹ã«ãã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬
ãŒããã¹ãã¬ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žçã®çµåããåéäœæ
åãšããããªããŒãçšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³åéæå ææãçšããŠè¶ 硬調
ã§é«æ床ã®åçç¹æ§ãããã«ã¯ãåŸæ¥ã®äŒæçŸå
液ãç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬2419975å·ã«èšèŒãããPH13ã«è¿
ãé«ã¢ã«ã«ãªçŸå液ãçšããå¿ èŠã¯ãªããå®å®ãª
çŸå液ãçšããããšãã§ããã ããªãã¡ãæ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³åéæå ææã¯ã
ä¿æå€ãšããŠã®äºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ã0.15ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äž
å«ã¿ãPH9.5ã12.3ãç¹ã«PH10.5ã12.3ã®çŸå液ã«
ãã€ãŠå åã«è¶ 硬調ã®ãã¬ç»åãåŸãããšãã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠçšãããçŸåäž»è¬ã«ã¯ç¹
å¥ãªå¶éã¯ãªããäŸãã°ãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡
ïŒäŸãã°ãã€ããããã³ïŒãïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡
ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒïŒ
ïŒâãžã¡ãã«âïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªã
ã³ïŒãã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒ®âã¡ãã«â
ïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«ïŒãªã©ãåç¬ãããã¯çµã¿
åããã§ãã¡ããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³åéæå ææã¯ç¹ã«ãäž»çŸå
äž»è¬ãšããŠãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ããè£å©çŸå
äž»è¬ãšããŠïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡ãŸãã¯ã¢ããããš
ããŒã«é¡ãå«ãçŸå液ã§åŠçãããã®ã«é©ããŠã
ãã奜ãŸããã¯ãã®çŸå液ã«ãããŠãžããããã·
ãã³ãŒã³é¡ã¯0.05ã0.5ã¢ã«ïŒãïŒâãã©ãŸãª
ãã³é¡ãŸãã¯ã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ã¯0.06ã¢ã«ïŒ
以äžã®ç¯å²ã§äœµçšãããã çŸå液ã«ã¯ãã®ä»ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ã®äºç¡«é žå¡©ã
çé žå¡©ãããŠé žå¡©ãåã³ãªã³é žå¡©ã®åŠãPHç·©è¡
å€ãèåç©ãæ²åç©ãåã³ææ©ã«ããªé²æ¢å€ïŒç¹
ã«å¥œãŸããã¯ãããã€ã³ããŸãŒã«é¡ãŸãã¯ãã³ãŸ
ããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ïŒã®åŠãçŸåæå¶å€ãªãããã«ã
ãªé²æ¢å€ãªã©ãå«ãããšãã§ãããåå¿ èŠã«å¿ã
ãŠã硬氎è»åå€ã溶解å©å€ãè²èª¿å€ãçŸåä¿é²
å€ãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ïŒãšãã«å¥œãŸããã¯åè¿°ã®ããªã¢
ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãé¡ïŒãæ¶æ³¡å€ã硬èå€ããã€
ã«ã ã®éæ±ãé²æ¢å€ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâã¡ã«ã«ãããã³
ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žé¡ïŒãªã©ãå«ãã§ãã
ãã ãããæ·»å å€ã®å ·äœäŸã¯ãªãµãŒããã€ã¹ã¯ããŒ
ãžã€ãŒ176å·ã®17643ãªã©ã«èšèŒãããŠããã å®ç液ãšããŠã¯äžè¬ã«çšããããŠããçµæã®ã
ã®ãçšããããšãã§ãããå®çå€ãšããŠã¯ããªç¡«
é žå¡©ãããªã·ã¢ã³é žå¡©ã®ã»ããå®çå€ãšããŠã®å¹
æãç¥ãããŠããææ©ç¡«é»ååç©ãçšããããšã
ã§ããããŸãå®ç液ã«ã¯ç¡¬èå€ãšããŠæ°Žæº¶æ§ã¢ã«
ãããŠã å¡©ãªã©ãå«ãã§ãè¯ãã åŠç枩床ã¯éåžž18âãã50âã®éã«éžã°ãã
ãã18âããäœã枩床ãŸãã¯50âãããã枩床ãš
ããŠãããã åçåŠçã«ã¯èªåçŸåæ©ãçšããã®ã奜ãŸã
ããæ¬çºæã§ã¯æå ææãèªåçŸåæ©ã«å ¥ããŠã
ãåºãŠãããŸã§ã®ããŒã¿ã«ã®åŠçæéã90ç§ã
120ç§ã«èšå®ããŠãååã«è¶ 硬調ã§é«æ床ã®ãã¬
é調ã®åçç¹æ§ãåŸãããã æ¬çºæã«ããã°ãæå®éã®ã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ãå«ã¿
ããã²ã³åéç²åã®ç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçãç²
åã®å¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçããã倧ããããæ²åé
ä¹³å€ãšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®ååç©ã䜵çšããããšã«ã
ããå®å®ãªçŸå液ãçšããŠã網ç¹ç»åãç·ç»ã®å
çŸã«æå¹ãªèããé«æ床ãã€è¶ 硬調ã§é»ããã®å°
ãªãåçç¹æ§ãåŸãããšãã§ãããæŽã«æ¬çºæã®
ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææã¯ä¿åäžã®åçç¹æ§ã®
æªåãç¹ã«é«æž©é«æ¹¿åºŠäžã§ã®ä¿åã«ããæ床ãã
ã³ã¬ã³ãã®äœäžãèããå°ãªããšããå©ç¹ãæã
ãã 以äžã«å®æœäŸãæ²ããæ¬çºæãæŽã«è©³çŽ°ã«èª¬æ
ããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ã®èª¿è£œ 50âã«ä¿ã€ããŒã©ãã³æ°Žæº¶æ¶²äžã«ç¡é žé氎溶液
ãšæ²åã«ãªãŠã ãšèåã«ãªãŠã ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãåæã«
60åéã§å ãããã®épAgã7.5ã«ä¿ã€ããšã«ã
ãååæ£ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€ïŒå¹³åç²åãµã€ãº0.26ÎŒã
æ²åéå«éïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ïŒã調補ããã ãã®ä¹³å€ãåžžæ³ã«åŸã€ãŠæ°ŽæŽãå¯æº¶æ§å¡©é¡ãé€
å»ããã®ã¡ãããªç¡«é žãããªãŠã ãå ããŠååŠå¢
æãæœãããããããŠåŸãä¹³å€ããšããã ä¹³å€ïŒ¢ã®èª¿è£œ ç¡é žé氎溶液ãšããã²ã³å¡©æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã®æ··åããé
ïŒã¢ã«åœãïŒÃ10-7ã¢ã«ã«çžåœãããããµã¯ãã
ã€ãªãžãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ã®ååšäžã«è¡ã€ãä»
ã¯ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšåæ§ã«ããŠååæ£ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€ïŒå¹³
åç²åãµã€ãº0.26ÎŒãå¹³åæ²åéå«éïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ïŒ
ã調補ããã ãã®ä¹³å€ãä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšåæ§ã«æ°ŽæŽãååŠå¢æãæœ
ãããããããŠã§ããä¹³å€ããšããã ä¹³å€ïŒ£ã®èª¿è£œ ä¹³å€ïŒ¢ã®ååŠå¢æåŸãä¹³å€ã«æ²åã«ãªãŠã ãæ·»
å ããŠç²åè¡šé¢ãã³ã³ããŒãžãšã³ããããšã«ãã
ç²åå¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçïŒç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æ
çïŒ1/3ã®æ²åéä¹³å€ãåŸãããã®ä¹³å€ããšã
ãã ä¹³å€ïŒ€ã®èª¿è£œ éïŒã¢ã«åœãïŒÃ10-7ã¢ã«ã«çžåœãããããµã¯
ããã€ãªãžãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ãååšããã以
å€ã¯ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšåæ§ã«ããŠååæ£ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€
ïŒå¹³åç²åãµã€ãº0.26ÎŒãå¹³åæ²åéå«éïŒã¢ã«
ïŒ ïŒã調補ããã ãã®ä¹³å€ãä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšåæ§ã«æ°ŽæŽãååŠå¢æãæœ
ããã€ãã§ä¹³å€ã«æ²åã«ãªãŠã ãæ·»å ããŠç²åè¡š
é¢ãã³ã³ããŒã·ãšã³ããããšã«ããç²åå¹³åã®æ²
åéå«æçïŒç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçïŒ1/3ã®æ²
èåéä¹³å€ãåŸãããã®ä¹³å€ããšããã ä¹³å€ïŒ¥ã®èª¿è£œ æ²åã«ãªãŠã ãšèåã«ãªãŠã ã®äœ¿çšæ¯çãæ²å
éå«éãïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ã«ãªãããã«å€ãã以å€ã¯ä¹³å€
ãšåæ§ã«ããŠååæ£ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€ïŒå¹³åç²å
ãµã€ãº0.26ÎŒãæ²åéå«éïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ïŒã調補ããã ãã®ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšåæ§ã«æ°ŽæŽãååŠå¢æãæœããã
ããããŠåŸãä¹³å€ããšããã ä¹³å€ïŒŠã®èª¿è£œ ç¡é žé氎溶液ãšããã²ã³å¡©æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã®æ··åããé
ïŒã¢ã«åœãïŒÃ10-7ã¢ã«ã«çžåœãããããµã¯ãã
ã€ãªãžãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ã®ååšäžã«è¡ã€ãä»
ã¯ä¹³å€ïŒ¥ãšåæ§ã«ããŠååæ£ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€ïŒå¹³
åç²åãµã€ãº0.26ÎŒãå¹³åæ²åéå«éïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ïŒ
ã調補ããã ãã®ä¹³å€ãä¹³å€ïŒ¥ãšåæ§ã«æ°ŽæŽãååŠå¢æãæœ
ãããããããŠã§ããä¹³å€ããšããã ä¹³å€ïŒ§ã®èª¿è£œ ä¹³å€ïŒŠã®ååŠå¢æåŸãä¹³å€ã«æ²åã«ãªãŠã ãæ·»
å ããŠç²åè¡šé¢ãã³ã³ããŒã·ãšã³ããããšã«ãã
ç²åå¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçïŒç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æ
çïŒ1/5ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€ãåŸãããã®ä¹³å€ããš
ããã ä¹³å€ïŒšã®èª¿è£œ ä¹³å€ïŒŠã®ååŠå¢æåŸãä¹³å€ã«æ²åã«ãªãŠã ãæ·»
å ããŠç²åè¡šé¢ãã³ã³ããŒãžãšã³ããããšã«ãã
ç²åå¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçïŒç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æ
çïŒ1/10ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€ãåŸãããã®ä¹³å€ããš
ããã ä¹³å€ïŒ©ã®èª¿è£œ ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ã®ååŠå¢æææŽã«ã«ãªãŠã ã¯ãããªãŒã¬
ãŒããå ããŠæ床ãäžæããã以å€ã¯ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšå
æ§ã«ããŠä¹³å€ïŒ©ã調補ããã ä¹³å€ïŒªã®èª¿è£œ ç¡é žé氎溶液ãšããã²ã³å¡©æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã®æ··åã®æé
ãšæž©åºŠãå€ããŠãå¹³åç²åãµã€ãºã0.32ÎŒã«ãã
以å€ã¯ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšåæ§ã«ããŠä¹³å€ïŒªã調補ããã ãããã®ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãã®ããããã«ãïŒâããã
ãã·âïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïœïŒïŒâããã©
ãµã€ã³ãã³ãããªãšãã«ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒãã®åæ£ç©ã
ããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ïŒååé1000ïŒãïŒïŒïŒ
âããã«ã¹ã«ããã«âïŒâãããããŒã«ãå ã次
ãã§æ¬çºæã®äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®ååç©âïŒãéïŒ
ã¢ã«åœã4.5Ã10-3ã¢ã«å ããåŸãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã
ãªã¢ã»ããŒããã€ã«ã äžã«å¡åžééïŒïœïŒm2ã«ãª
ãããã«å¡åžããã ãã®ããã«ããŠåŸããã€ã«ã ã«ã»ã³ã·ãã¡ããª
ãŒçšé²å ãŠãšããžãéããŠé²å ããåŸãäžèšçµæ
ã®çŸå液ã§38âã30ç§éçŸåããåæ¢ãå®çãæ°Ž
æŽã也ç¥ããã çŸå液çµæ ãã€ããããã³ 40.0ïœ ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«âïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãª
ãã³ 0.4ïœ æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã 13.0ïœ ç¡æ°Žäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã 90.0ïœ ç¬¬ïŒãªã³é žã«ãªãŠã 74.0ïœ ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žäºãããªãŠã 1.0ïœ èåã«ãªãŠã 6.0ïœ ïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã« 0.6ïœ ïŒâãžãšãã«ã¢ããâïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãã
ãã³ 17.0ïœ æ°Žãå ããŠ ïŒ æ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã ã§PH11.5ã«åãããã çµæã第ïŒè¡šã«ããããäœãè¡šäž Î匷å¶å£åã®çµæã¯åãã€ã«ã ã50âãçžå¯Ÿæ¹¿åºŠ
75ïŒ ã®æ¡ä»¶äžã«ïŒæ¥éæŸçœ®ããã®ã¡ã«åŠçãã
ãšãã®åçæ§èœã瀺ãã Îçžå¯Ÿæ床ã¯æ¿åºŠ1.5ãäžããé²å éã®éæ°ã®çž
察å€ã§ããã€ã«ã è©ŠæïŒã®å¡åžçŽåŸã®æ床ã
100ãšããã Îé»ããã¯ãã€ã«ã ã®éé²å éšãé¡åŸ®é¡ã§èŠ³å¯ã
ïŒæ®µéã«è©äŸ¡ãããã®ã§ããïŒããæãããå
質ãè¡šãããïŒããæãæªãå質ãè¡šããïŒä»¥
äžãå®çšã«é©ããïŒã¯ç²æªã ãäœãšãå®çšã§
ããïŒä»¥äžã¯å®çšäžå¯ã§ããã
æçšãªããã²ã³åéåçæå ææåã³ãããçšã
ãè¶ ç¡¬èª¿ãã¬ç»åã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³ã«é¢ãããã®ã§ã
ãã ïŒåŸæ¥æè¡ïŒ ã°ã©ãã€ãã¯ã»ã¢ãŒãã®åéã«ãããŠã¯ç¶²ç¹ç»
åã«ããé£ç¶é調ã®ç»åã®åçãããã¯ç·ç»åã®
åçãè¯å¥œãªããããããã«ãè¶ ç¡¬èª¿ïŒç¹ã«ã¬ã³
ãã10以äžïŒã®åçç¹æ§ã瀺ãç»å圢æã·ã¹ãã
ãå¿ èŠã§ããã åŸæ¥ãã®ç®çã®ããã«ã¯ãªã¹çŸå液ãšåŒã°ãã
ç¹å¥ãªçŸå液ãçšããããããããªã¹çŸå液ã¯çŸ
åäž»è¬ãšããŠãã€ããããã³ã®ã¿ãå«ã¿ããã®äŒ
æçŸåæ§ãé»å®³ããªãããã«ä¿æå€ããäºç¡«é žå¡©
ããã«ã ã¢ã«ããããšã®ä»å ç©ã®åœ¢ã«ããŠçšãé
é¢ã®äºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ã®æ¿åºŠã極ããŠäœãïŒéåžž0.1
ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äžïŒããŠããããã®ãããªã¹çŸå液ã¯
極ããŠç©ºæ°é žåãåããããïŒæ¥ãè¶ããä¿åã«
èããããªããšããé倧ãªæ¬ ç¹ãæã€ãŠããã é«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ãã®åçç¹æ§ãå®å®ãªçŸå液ãçš
ããŠåŸãæ¹æ³ãšããŠã¯ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4224401å·ãå
第4168977å·ãå第4166742å·ãå第4311781å·ã
å第4272606å·ãå第4211857å·ãå第4243739å·
çã«èšèŒãããŠããããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãçšããæ¹
æ³ãããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãè¶ ç¡¬èª¿ã§æ床ã®é«
ãåçç¹æ§ãåŸãããæŽã«çŸå液äžã«é«æ¿åºŠã®äº
ç¡«é žå¡©ãå ããããšã蚱容ãããã®ã§ãçŸå液ã®
空æ°é žåã«å¯Ÿããå®å®æ§ã¯ãªã¹çŸå液ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠé£
èºçã«åäžããã ãããããã®ããã©ãžã³èªå°äœãçšããæ¹æ³ã«
ã¯æå ææãçµæä¿åããå Žåã«æ床ãé調ãäœ
äžãããšãã€ãåé¡ãããããŸãããäžå±€æ床ã
é«ããã¹ãå ¬ç¥ã®å¢ææ段ïŒäŸãã°ããã²ã³åé
ç²åãµã€ãºã倧ãããããã貎éå±å¢æãæœãã
ãããæ段ïŒãæœããšããã®åéã§é»ãããšåŒã°
ããæ éãçºçãããšãã€ãåé¡ããã€ãããã
ã§é»ãããšã¯ãéç»åéšïŒäŸãã°ç¶²ç¹ãšç¶²ç¹ã®
éïŒã«çããã¹ãããç¶ã®é»ãæç¹ãæããçŸå
液ãçµæã«ããç²åŽããŠãã®PHãé«ããªã€ããšã
ã«é¡èã«çºçããåçå質ãèããæãªããã®ã§
ããã ïŒçºæã®ç®çïŒ åŸã€ãŠãæ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãå®å®ãªçŸå液ãçšã
ãŠè¶ 硬調ãªåçç¹æ§ãåŸãããšãã§ããæŽã«çµæ
ä¿åæ§ã«åªããé«æ床ã§ãã€é»ããã®çºçãå°ãª
ãããã²ã³åéåçæå ææãšãããçšããè¶ ç¡¬
調ãã¬ç»åã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³ãæäŸããã«ããã ïŒçºæã®æ§æïŒ æ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãéïŒã¢ã«åœãïŒÃ10-8ãïŒÃ
10-5ã¢ã«ã®ã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ã®ååšäžã§èª¿è£œãããã
ã€ç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçãç²åã®å¹³åã®æ²åé
å«æçããã倧ããããã²ã³åéç²åãããªãã
ãã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã®å±€ãæããæŽã«è©²ä¹³å€å±€ãŸãã¯
ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«äžèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§ç€ºã
ããååç©ãå«æããããšãç¹åŸŽãšãããã¬åã
ãã²ã³åéåçæå ææãšããã®ããã²ã³åéå
çæå ææã0.15ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äžã®äºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ã
å«ã¿ãã€PHã9.5ã12.3ã®çŸå液ã§åŠçããè¶ ç¡¬
調ãã¬ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠéæãããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ R1âNHNHâCHO ãåŒäžR1ã¯èèªæåºãŸãã¯è³éŠæåºãè¡šããã æ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€äžã«å«æãããã
ãæ²åéç²åã¯éïŒã¢ã«åœãïŒÃ10-8ãªããïŒÃ
10-5ã®ã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ã®ååšäžã§èª¿è£œããããã€ç²
åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçãç²åã®å¹³åã®æ²åéå«æ
çããã倧ãããšããç¹åŸŽãæã€ãŠããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯ãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã®è£œé å·¥
çšã®ç©ççæçµäºåãšãã«ç²å圢ææã«äžèšã®é
ã®ã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ãå ããããšãæãŸããã ããã§çšããããã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ã¯æ°Žæº¶æ§ã®ã€ãª
ãžãŠã å¡©ãŸãã¯ã€ãªãžãŠã é¯å¡©ã§ãäŸãã°äžå¡©å
ã€ãªãžãŠã ãåå¡©åã€ãªãžãŠã ããããµã¯ããã€
ãªãžãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ããããµã¯ããã€ãªãž
ãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ããããµã¯ããã€ãªãžãŠã
ïŒïŒé žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãªã©ãã§ããã äžèšã«ãããŠç²åè¡šé¢ãšã¯è¡šé¢ãã100Aã
200AãŸã§ã®æ·±ãããããæ¬çºæã®ããæ²åéãš
ããŠã¯ãã®æå³ã§ã®ç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçãç²
åå¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçããã50ïŒ ä»¥äžå€§ãããã®
ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã ããæ²åéç²åã®ç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçã¯ïŒž
ç·å é»ååå è£ çœ®ïŒXPSïŒãçšããŠæž¬å®ããã
ãšãã§ããç²åã®å¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçã¯è©Šæã
300âãïŒæéã¢ããŒã«ããæ²åéã®ååžãåäž
ã«ããŠããåæ§ã«XPSãçšããŠæž¬å®ããããšã
ã§ããã ãã®ãããªæ²åéå«æçã®ç²åå ååžãæã€ã
ããæ²åéä¹³å€ã圢æããã«ã¯ãäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±
第2592250å·ãå4075020å·åæ现æžãç¹éæ55â
127549å·å ¬å ±ãªã©ã«èšèŒãããŠããã³ã³ããŒãžãš
ã³æ³ããŸãè±åœç¹èš±ç¬¬1027146å·æ现æžçã«èšèŒ
ãããŠããã³ã¢ïŒã·ãšã«ä¹³å€èª¿è£œæ³ãªã©ã®æ £çšã®
ææ³ãçšããããšãã§ãããããå ·äœçã«ã¯ãäŸ
ãã°æž©åºŠãäžå®ã«ä¿ã€ããŒã©ãã³æº¶æ¶²äžã«ç¡é žé
氎溶液ãšèåã«ãªãŠã 氎溶液ãäžå®ã®PAgãä¿
ã€ããã«ããŠåææ·»å ããŠèåéã調補ãã次ã
ã§æ²åã«ãªãŠã 氎溶液ãæ·»å ããŠè¡šé¢ãã³ã³ããŒ
ã·ãšã³ããæ¹æ³ãäžèšæ¹æ³ã«ãããŠæ²åã«ãªãŠã
ãæ·»å ãã代ããã«ç¡é žé氎溶液ã®æ·»å çµäºçŽå
ã«èåã«ãªãŠã 氎溶液ãšåæã«æ²åã«ãªãŠã 氎溶
液ãæ·»å ããæ¹æ³ãåæ§ã«ç¡é žé氎溶液ã®æ·»å çµ
äºçŽåããçµäºåŸã®ããããã®ææã«åŸ®ç²åæ²å
éãåå¿å®¹åšã«æ·»å ããŠãªã¹ãã¯ã«ãçæã«ãŠè
åéïŒã³ã¢ïŒè¡šé¢ã«æ²åéïŒã·ãšã«ïŒã圢æãã
ãæ¹æ³ãªã©ãããããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠç²åãµ
ã€ãºãå€æŽããã«ã¯ç¡é žé氎溶液ãšèåã«ãªãŠã
氎溶液ã®æ·»å æéãšåå¿å®¹åšã®æž©åºŠãå€ããã°ã
ãã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããããæ²åéç²åã¯æ²
èåéãæ²å¡©èåéãå¡©æ²åéã®ããããã§ãã
æ²åéã®å«æçã¯ç²åå¹³åã§0.01ã10ã¢ã«ïŒ ã奜
ãŸããã¯0.1ãïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ã§ãããç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã
ãã²ã³çµæã¯æ²èåéã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããããæ²åéã®å¹³åç²åãµã€
ãºã¯åŸ®ç²åïŒäŸãã°0.7Ό以äžïŒã®æ¹ã奜ãŸããã
ç¹ã«0.5Ό以äžã奜ãŸãããç²åãµã€ãºååžã¯åºæ¬
çã«ã¯å¶éã¯ãªãããååæ£ã§ããæ¹ã奜ãŸã
ããããã§ããååæ£ãšã¯ééãããã¯ç²åæ°ã§
å°ãªããšããã®95ïŒ ãå¹³åç²åãµã€ãºã®Â±40ïŒ ä»¥
å ã®å€§ãããæã€ç²å矀ããæ§æãããŠããããš
ãããã åçä¹³å€äžã®ããæ²åéç²åã¯ç«æ¹äœãå «é¢äœ
ã®ãããªèŠåçïŒregularïŒãªçµæ¶äœãæããã
ã®ã§ãããããŸãçç¶ãæ¿ç¶ãªã©ã®ãããªå€åç
ïŒirregularïŒãªçµæ¶ãæã€ãã®ããããã¯ããã
ã®çµæ¶åœ¢ã®è€å圢ããã€ãã®ã§ãã€ãŠãããã ããæ²åéç²åã¯å éšãšè¡šå±€ãåäžãªçžããæ
ã€ãŠããŠããç°ãªãçžãããªã€ãŠããŠãããã
å¥ã ã«åœ¢æããïŒçš®ä»¥äžã®ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ãæ··
åããŠäœ¿çšããŠãããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããæ²åéä¹³å€ã«ã¯ããã²ã³å
éç²åã®åœ¢æãŸãã¯ç©ççæã®éçšã«ãããŠã«ã
ããŠã å¡©ãäºç¡«é žå¡©ãéå¡©ãã¿ãªãŠã å¡©ãããžãŠ
ã å¡©ãããã¯ãã®é¯å¡©ãªã©ãå ±åãããŠãããã 次ã«æ¬çºæã§çšããããã©ãžã³èªå°äœã«ã€ããŠ
説æããã æ¬çºæã§çšããããã©ãžã³èªå°äœã¯äžèšã®äžè¬
åŒïŒïŒã§è¡šãããååç©ã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ R1âNHNHâCHO åŒäžR1ã¯èèªæåºãŸãã¯è³éŠæåºãè¡šããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã«ãããŠãR1ã§è¡šãããèèªæ
åºã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ã®ãã®ã§ãã€ãŠãç¹
ã«ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéãåå²ãŸãã¯ç°ç¶ã®ã¢ã«ã
ã«åºã§ãããããã§åå²ã¢ã«ãã«åºã¯ãã®äžã«ïŒ
ã€ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®ãããååãå«ãã 飜åã®ã
ããç°ã圢æããããã«ç°åãããŠããŠãããã
ãŸããã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã¯ãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·
åºãã¹ã«ããã·åºãã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãã«ã«ãã³
ã¢ããåºçã®çœ®æåºãæããŠããŠãããã äŸãã°ïœâããã«åºãïœâãªã¯ãã«åºãïœâãª
ã¯ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãããã·ã«åºããããªãžã«åºãã€
ãããŸãªã«åºãããã©ãããããªã«åºãã¢ã«ããª
ãªãåºãªã©ããã®äŸãšããŠæããããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã«ãããŠR1ã§è¡šãããè³éŠæåº
ã¯åç°ãŸãã¯ïŒç°ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯äžé£œåãã
ãç°åºã§ãããããã§äžé£œåãããç°åºã¯åç°ãŸ
ãã¯ïŒç°ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãšçž®åããŠãããã¢ãªãŒã«
åºã圢æããŠãããã äŸãã°ãã³ãŒã³ç°ãããã¿ã¬ã³ç°ãããªãžã³
ç°ãããªããžã³ç°ãã€ãããŸãŒã«ç°ãããã©ãŸãŒ
ã«ç°ããããªã³ç°ãã€ãœãããªã³ç°ããã³ãºã€ã
ããŸãŒã«ç°ããã¢ãŸãŒã«ç°ããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãŒã«ç°
çãããããªãã§ããã³ãŒã³ç°ãå«ããã®ã奜ãŸ
ããã R1ãšããŠç¹ã«å¥œãŸãããã®ã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã§ã
ãã R1ã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯è³éŠåºã¯çœ®æåºãæã€
ãŠããŠãããã 代衚çãªçœ®æåºãšããŠã¯ãçŽéãåå²ãŸãã¯ç°
ç¶ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã
ã®ïŒãã¢ã©ã«ãã«åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ã¢ã«ãã«éšåã®
ççŽ æ°ãïŒãïŒã®åç°ãŸãã¯ïŒç°ã®ãã®ïŒãã¢ã«
ã³ãã·åºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ãã®ïŒã眮
æã¢ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«
åºã§çœ®æãããã¢ããåºïŒãã¢ã·ã«ã¢ããåºïŒå¥œ
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ãæã€ãã®ïŒãã¹ã«ãã³ã¢
ããåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ãæã€ãã®ïŒã
ãŠã¬ã€ãåºïŒå¥œãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ãæã€ã
ã®ïŒãªã©ãããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®R1ã¯ãã®äžã«ã«ãã©ãŒçã®äž
åæ§åççšæ·»å å€ã«ãããŠåžžçšãããŠãããã©ã¹
ãåºãçµã¿èŸŒãŸããŠãããã®ã§ãããããã©ã¹ã
åºã¯ïŒä»¥äžã®ççŽ æ°ãæããåçæ§ã«å¯ŸããŠæ¯èŒ
çäžæŽ»æ§ãªåºã§ãããäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã³
ãã·åºãããšãã«åºãã¢ã«ãã«ããšãã«åºãããš
ããã·åºãã¢ã«ãã«ããšããã·åºãªã©ã®äžããéž
ã¶ããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®R1ã¯ãã®äžã«ããã²ã³åéç²
åè¡šé¢ã«å¯Ÿããåžçã匷ããåºãçµã¿èŸŒãŸããŠã
ããã®ã§ãããããããåžçåºãšããŠã¯ãããªå°¿
çŽ åºãè€çŽ ç°ããªã¢ããåºãã¡ã«ã«ããè€çŽ ç°
åºãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«åºãªã©ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4385108å·
ã«èšèŒãããåºããããããã ãããã®ååç©ã®åææ³ã¯ç¹éæ53â20921å·ã
å53â20922å·ãå53â66732å·ãå53â20318å·
ãªã©ã«èšèŒãããŠããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠãäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§è¡šãããåå
ç©ãåçæå ææäžã«å«æããããšãã«ã¯ããã
ã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ã«å«æãããã®ã奜ãŸããããã
以å€ã®éæå æ§ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ïŒäŸãã°ä¿è·
å±€ãäžéå±€ããã€ã«ã¿ãŒå±€ããã¬ãŒã·ãšã³é²æ¢å±€
ãªã©ïŒã«å«æãããŠããããå ·äœçã«ã¯äœ¿çšãã
ååç©ã氎溶æ§ã®å Žåã«ã¯æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãšããŠããŸãé£
氎溶æ§ã®å Žåã«ã¯ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«é¡ããšã¹ãã«é¡ãã±
ãã³é¡ãªã©ã®æ°Žãšæ··åãããææ©æº¶åªã®æº¶æ¶²ãšã
ãŠã芪氎æ§ã³ãã€ã溶液ã«æ·»å ããã°ããããã
ã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ã«æ·»å ããå Žåã¯ååŠçæã®éå§
ããå¡åžåãŸã§ã®ä»»æã®ææã«è¡ã€ãŠããããå
åŠçæçµäºåŸããå¡åžåã®éã«æ·»å ããã®ã奜ãŸ
ãããç¹ã«å¡åžã®ããã«çšæãããŠå¡åžæ¶²äžã«æ·»
å ããã®ãããã æ¬çºæã®äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§è¡šãããååç©ã®å«æ
éã¯ããã²ã³åéä¹³å€ã®ç²ååŸãããã²ã³çµæã
ååŠå¢æã®æ¹æ³ãšçšåºŠã該ååç©ãå«æãããå±€
ãšããã²ã³åéä¹³å€å±€ã®é¢ä¿ãã«ããªé²æ¢ååç©
ã®çš®é¡ãªã©ã«å¿ããŠæé©ã®éãéžæããããšãæ
ãŸããããã®éžæã®ããã®è©Šéšã®æ¹æ³ã¯åœæ¥è ã®
ããç¥ããšããã§ãããéåžžã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ããã²
ã³åéïŒã¢ã«åœã10-6ã¢ã«ãªããïŒÃ10-1ã¢ã«ã
ç¹ã«10-5ãªããïŒÃ10-2ã¢ã«ã®ç¯å²ã§çšããã
ãã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ã®å ·äœäŸã以äž
ã«ç€ºããäœãæ¬çºæã¯ä»¥äžã®ååç©ã«éå®ããã
ãã®ã§ã¯ãªãã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã¯åçæå ææã®
åéã§å ¬ç¥ã®çš®ã ã®å¢æè²çŽ ãäŸãã°ã·ã¢ãã³è²
çŽ ãã¡ãã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãªã©ã§åå å¢æãããŠããŠ
ãããã奜ãŸããçšããããå¢æè²çŽ ã¯ç¹éæ55
â52050å·ã«èšèŒãããŠããè²çŽ ãªã©ã§ãããã
ãã®ãªãã§ãäžèšã®äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§ãããããã·
ã¢ãã³è²çŽ ãç¹ã«å¥œé©ã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ åŒäžãZ1ãZ2ã¯ã·ã¢ãŸãŒã«æ žããã¢ãŸãªã³æ žã
ãã³ãºãã¢ãŸãŒã«æ žãããããã¢ãŸãŒã«æ žããªã
ãµãŸãŒã«æ žããã³ãºãªããµãŸãŒã«æ žããªããµãŸãª
ã³æ žãããããªããµãŸãŒã«æ žãã€ãããŸãŒã«æ žã
ãã³ãŸã€ãããŸãŒã«æ žãã€ãããŸãªã³æ žãã»ã¬ã
ãŸãŒã«æ žãã»ã¬ããŸãªã³æ žããã³ãŸã»ã¬ããŸãŒã«
æ žãŸãã¯ãããã»ã¬ããŸãŒã«æ žã圢æããã®ã«å¿
èŠãªåå矀ãè¡šããã R1ãR2ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºåã¯çœ®æã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡š
ãããäœããR1ãR2ã®å°ããšãïŒã€ã¯ã¹ã«ãåº
åã¯ã«ã«ããã·åºãæããŠãããã®ãšããã L1ãL2ã¯çœ®æåã¯ç¡çœ®æã¡ã¿ã³åºãè¡šããã ïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ãè¡šããã Z1ãZ2ã«ãã€ãŠåœ¢æãããæ žã«ã¯ãã·ã¢ãã³è²
çŽ ã®åéã§ããç¥ãããŠããããã«ã眮æåºãå°
å ¥ãããŠããŠãããããã®çœ®æåºãšããŠã¯äŸãã°
ã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã«ã«ãã
ã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãã¢ã©ã«ãã«åºãããã²ã³åå
çãæããããã R1åã³R2ã¯åã åäžã§ãã€ãŠãç°ã€ãŠããŠã
ãããR1ãR2ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãšããŠã¯å¥œãŸããã¯ç
çŽ ååæ°ïŒãïŒã®ãã®ãäŸãã°ã¡ãã«åºããšãã«
åºããããã«åºãããã«åºããã³ãã«åºãããã
ã«åºãªã©ã§ããã眮æã¢ã«ãã«åºã®çœ®æåºãšããŠ
ã¯ãäŸãã°ã«ã«ããã·åºãã¹ã«ãåºãã·ã¢ãåºã
ããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°ããçŽ ååãå¡©çŽ ååãè
çŽ ååãªã©ïŒãããããã·åºãã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã«ã«ã
ãã«åºïŒççŽ ååæ°ïŒä»¥äžãäŸãã°ã¡ããã·ã«ã«
ããã«åºããšããã·ã«ã«ããã«åºããã³ãžã«ãªã
ã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãªã©ïŒãã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒççŽ åå
æ°ïŒä»¥äžãäŸãã°ã¡ããã·åºããšããã·åºããã
ããã·åºããããã·åºããã³ãžã«ãªãã·åºãªã©ïŒã
ã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·åºïŒäŸãã°ããšããã·åºãïœâã
ãªã«ãªãã·åºãªã©ïŒãã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºïŒççŽ åå
æ°ïŒä»¥äžãäŸãã°ã¢ã»ãã«ãªãã·åºãããããªã
ã«ãªãã·åºãªã©ïŒãã¢ã·ã«åºïŒççŽ ååæ°ïŒä»¥äžã
äŸãã°ã¢ã»ãã«åºãããããªãã«åºããã³ãŸã€ã«
åºãã¡ã·ã«åºãªã©ïŒãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã«
ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºãïŒïŒ®âãžã¡ãã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«
åºãã¢ã«ããªãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºããããªãžãã«ã«
ãã¢ã€ã«åºãªã©ïŒãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¹
ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãïŒïŒ®âãžã¡ãã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€
ã«åºãã¢ã«ããªãã¹ã«ããã«åºãªã©ïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«
åºïŒäŸãã°ããšãã«åºãïœâããããã·ããšãã«
åºãïœâã«ã«ããã·ããšãã«åºãïœâã¹ã«ãããš
ãã«åºãαâãããã«åºãªã©ïŒãããã眮æã¢ã«
ãã«åºã®å¥œãŸããççŽ æ°ã¯ïŒä»¥äžã§ããã L1ãL2ã®çœ®æã¡ãã³åºãšããŠã¯äœçŽã¢ã«ãã«
åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ãã«åºããšãã«åºããããã«åºãª
ã©ïŒãããšãã«åºããã³ãžã«åºãªã©ãæããããš
ãã§ããã 以äžã«æ¬çºæã«äœ¿çšããã«é©ããã·ã¢ãã³è²çŽ
ã®å ·äœäŸãæããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããåçä¹³å€ã«ã¯ãæå ææã®
補é å·¥çšãä¿åäžãããã¯åçåŠçäžã®ã«ããªã
é²æ¢ãããããã¯åçæ§èœãå®å®åãããç®ç
ã§ãçš®ã ã®ååç©ãå«æãããããšãã§ãããã
ãªãã¡ã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãäŸãã°ãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªãŠã
å¡©ããããã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãããããã³ãºã€ãã
ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¯ãããã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãããã¢
ãã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãŸãŒã«
é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãã
ãã³ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ãããã¢ãŸãŒã«
é¡ãã¢ããããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«
é¡ãããããã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ãã¡ã«ã«ããã
ãã©ãŸãŒã«é¡ïŒç¹ã«ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâã¡ã«ã«ã
ãããã©ãŸãŒã«ïŒãªã©ïŒã¡ã«ã«ããããªããžã³
é¡ïŒã¡ã«ã«ããããªã¢ãžã³é¡ïŒããšãã°ãªããµã
ãªã³ããªã³ã®ãããªããªã±ãååç©ïŒã¢ã¶ã€ã³ã
ã³é¡ãããšãã°ããªã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ãããã©ã¢ã¶
ã€ã³é¡ïŒç¹ã«ïŒâããããã·çœ®æïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ3aïŒ
ïŒïŒããã©ã¢ã¶ã€ã³ãã³é¡ïŒããã³ã¿ã¢ã¶ã€ã³ã
ã³é¡ãªã©ïŒãã³ãŒã³ããªã¹ã«ããªã³é žããã³ãŒã³
ã¹ã«ãã€ã³é žããã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ããªã³é žã¢ããçã®
ãããªã«ããªé²æ¢å€ãŸãã¯å®å®å€ãšããŠç¥ãã
ããå€ãã®ååç©ãå ããããšãã§ããã ãããã®äžã§ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã®ã¯ãã³ãŸããªã¢
ãŸãŒã«é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã«
åã³ãããã€ã³ãã ãŒã«é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâãããã€
ã³ããŸãŒã«ïŒã§ããããŸãããããã®ååç©ãåŠ
ç液ã«å«æãããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®åçæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€å±€ãã®ä»
ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ç¡æ©ãŸãã¯ææ©ã®ç¡¬èå€ã
å«æããŠãããäŸãã°ã¯ãã å¡©ïŒã¯ãã ããšãŠã
ã³ãé ¢é žã¯ãã ãªã©ïŒãã¢ã«ãããé¡ãïŒãã«ã ã¢
ã«ããããã°ãªãªããµãŒã«ãã°ã«ã¿ãŒã«ã¢ã«ãã
ããªã©ïŒãâã¡ãããŒã«ååç©ïŒãžã¡ãããŒã«
å°¿çŽ ãã¡ãããŒã«ãžã¡ãã«ããã³ãã€ã³ãªã©ïŒã
ãžãªããµã³èªå°äœïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãžãªã
ãµã³ãªã©ïŒã掻æ§ããã«ååç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâã
ãªã¢ã¯ãªãã€ã«âãããµãããâïœâããªã¢ãž
ã³ãïŒïŒïŒâããã«ã¹ã«ããã«âïŒâãããããŒ
ã«ãªã©ïŒã掻æ§ããã²ã³ååç©ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ã
ã«âïŒâããããã·âïœâããªã¢ãžã³ãªã©ïŒãã
ã³ããã²ã³é žé¡ïŒã ã³ã¯ãã«é žãã ã³ããšããã·
ã¯ãã«é žãªã©ïŒããªã©ãåç¬ãŸãã¯çµã¿åãããŠ
çšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæãçšããŠäœãããæå ææã®åçä¹³å€å±€
ãŸãã¯ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«ã¯å¡åžå©å€ã垯é»
é²æ¢ãã¹ããªæ§æ¹è¯ãä¹³ååæ£ãæ¥çé²æ¢åã³å
çç¹æ§æ¹è¯ïŒäŸãã°ãçŸåä¿é²ã硬調åãå¢æïŒ
ççš®ã ã®ç®çã§çš®ã ã®çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãå«ãã§ãã
ãã äŸãã°ãµããã³ïŒã¹ããã€ãç³»ïŒãã¢ã«ãã¬ã³
ãªããµã€ãèªå°äœïŒäŸãã°ããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒ
ã«ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ïŒããªãããã¬ã³ã°
ãªã³ãŒã«çž®åç©ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ã«ã
ã«ãšãŒãã«é¡åã¯ããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ã«ã
ã«ã¢ãªãŒã«ãšãŒãã«é¡ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«
ãšã¹ãã«é¡ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãœã«ãã¿ã³
ãšã¹ãã«é¡ãããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ã«ãã«
ã¢ãã³åã¯ã¢ããé¡ãã·ãªã³ãŒã³ã®ããªãšãã¬ã³
ãªããµã€ãä»å ç©é¡ïŒãã°ãªã·ããŒã«èªå°äœïŒäŸ
ãã°ã¢ã«ã±ãã«ã³ãã¯é žããªã°ãªã»ãªããã¢ã«ã
ã«ããšããŒã«ããªã°ãªã»ãªãïŒãå€äŸ¡ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«
ã®èèªé žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãç³ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãšã¹ãã«é¡ãª
ã©ã®éã€ãªã³æ§çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ïŒã¢ã«ãã«ã«ã«ãã³é ž
å¡©ãã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ããªã³é žå¡©ãã¢ã«ãã«ãã³ãŒã³
ã¹ã«ããªã³é žå¡©ãã¢ã«ãã«ããã¿ã¬ã³ã¹ã«ããªã³
é žå¡©ãã¢ã«ãã«ç¡«é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãã¢ã«ãã«ãªã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«é¡ãâã¢ã·ã«ââã¢ã«ãã«ã¿ãŠãªã³
é¡ãã¹ã«ãã³ãã¯é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãã¹ã«ãã¢ã«ãã«
ããªãªãã·ãšãã¬ã³ã¢ã«ãã«ããšãã«ãšãŒãã«
é¡ãããªãªãã·ãšãã¬ã³ã¢ã«ãã«ãªã³é žãšã¹ãã«
é¡ãªã©ã®ãããªãã«ã«ããã·åºãã¹ã«ãåºããã¹
ãåºãç¡«é žãšã¹ãã«åºããªã³é žãšã¹ãã«åºçã®é ž
æ§åºãå«ãã¢ããªã³çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ïŒã¢ããé žé¡ãã¢
ããã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žé¡ãã¢ããã¢ã«ãã«ç¡«é ž
åã¯ãªã³é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãã¢ã«ãã«ãã¿ã€ã³é¡ãã¢
ãã³ãªãã·ãé¡ãªã©ã®äž¡æ§çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ïŒã¢ã«ãã«
ã¢ãã³å¡©é¡ãèèªæãããã¯è³éŠæ第ïŒçŽã¢ã³ã¢
ããŠã å¡©é¡ãããªãžããŠã ãã€ãããŸãªãŠã ãªã©
ã®è€çŽ ç°ç¬¬ïŒçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©é¡ãåã³èèªæå
ã¯è€çŽ ç°ãå«ããã¹ãããŠã åã¯ã¹ã«ãããŠã å¡©
é¡ãªã©ã®ã«ããªã³çé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãçšããããšãã§ã
ãã ç¹ã«æ¬çºæã«ãããŠå¥œãŸããçšããããçé¢æŽ»
æ§å€ã¯ç¹å ¬æ58â9412å·å ¬å ±ã«èšèŒãããååé
600以äžã®ããªã¢ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãé¡ã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããåçæå ææã«ã¯ãåçä¹³å€å±€
ãã®ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ãã€ãå±€ã«å¯žæ³å®å®æ§ã®æ¹è¯ãª
ã©ã®ç®çã§ãæ°Žäžæº¶åã¯é£æº¶æ§åæããªããŒã®å
æ£ç©ãå«ãããšãã§ãããäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡
ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã¢ã«ã³ãã·ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã°ãªã·ãžã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒ
ããïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã«ã¢ãããããã«ãšã¹ãã«
ïŒäŸãã°é ¢é žããã«ïŒãã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ããªã¬ã
ã€ã³ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãªã©ã®åç¬ãããã¯çµåããåã¯
ããããšã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é žãαïŒÎ²âäž
飜åãžã«ã«ãã³é žãããããã·ã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒ
ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒããã¹ã«ãã¢ã«ãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ïŒã¢ã¯ãªã¬
ãŒããã¹ãã¬ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žçã®çµåããåéäœæ
åãšããããªããŒãçšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³åéæå ææãçšããŠè¶ 硬調
ã§é«æ床ã®åçç¹æ§ãããã«ã¯ãåŸæ¥ã®äŒæçŸå
液ãç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬2419975å·ã«èšèŒãããPH13ã«è¿
ãé«ã¢ã«ã«ãªçŸå液ãçšããå¿ èŠã¯ãªããå®å®ãª
çŸå液ãçšããããšãã§ããã ããªãã¡ãæ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³åéæå ææã¯ã
ä¿æå€ãšããŠã®äºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ã0.15ã¢ã«ïŒä»¥äž
å«ã¿ãPH9.5ã12.3ãç¹ã«PH10.5ã12.3ã®çŸå液ã«
ãã€ãŠå åã«è¶ 硬調ã®ãã¬ç»åãåŸãããšãã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠçšãããçŸåäž»è¬ã«ã¯ç¹
å¥ãªå¶éã¯ãªããäŸãã°ãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡
ïŒäŸãã°ãã€ããããã³ïŒãïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡
ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³ãïŒïŒ
ïŒâãžã¡ãã«âïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãªã
ã³ïŒãã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ïŒäŸãã°ïŒ®âã¡ãã«â
ïœâã¢ããããšããŒã«ïŒãªã©ãåç¬ãããã¯çµã¿
åããã§ãã¡ããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³åéæå ææã¯ç¹ã«ãäž»çŸå
äž»è¬ãšããŠãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³é¡ããè£å©çŸå
äž»è¬ãšããŠïŒâãã©ãŸãªãã³é¡ãŸãã¯ã¢ããããš
ããŒã«é¡ãå«ãçŸå液ã§åŠçãããã®ã«é©ããŠã
ãã奜ãŸããã¯ãã®çŸå液ã«ãããŠãžããããã·
ãã³ãŒã³é¡ã¯0.05ã0.5ã¢ã«ïŒãïŒâãã©ãŸãª
ãã³é¡ãŸãã¯ã¢ããããšããŒã«é¡ã¯0.06ã¢ã«ïŒ
以äžã®ç¯å²ã§äœµçšãããã çŸå液ã«ã¯ãã®ä»ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ã®äºç¡«é žå¡©ã
çé žå¡©ãããŠé žå¡©ãåã³ãªã³é žå¡©ã®åŠãPHç·©è¡
å€ãèåç©ãæ²åç©ãåã³ææ©ã«ããªé²æ¢å€ïŒç¹
ã«å¥œãŸããã¯ãããã€ã³ããŸãŒã«é¡ãŸãã¯ãã³ãŸ
ããªã¢ãŸãŒã«é¡ïŒã®åŠãçŸåæå¶å€ãªãããã«ã
ãªé²æ¢å€ãªã©ãå«ãããšãã§ãããåå¿ èŠã«å¿ã
ãŠã硬氎è»åå€ã溶解å©å€ãè²èª¿å€ãçŸåä¿é²
å€ãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ïŒãšãã«å¥œãŸããã¯åè¿°ã®ããªã¢
ã«ãã¬ã³ãªããµã€ãé¡ïŒãæ¶æ³¡å€ã硬èå€ããã€
ã«ã ã®éæ±ãé²æ¢å€ïŒäŸãã°ïŒâã¡ã«ã«ãããã³
ãºã€ãããŸãŒã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žé¡ïŒãªã©ãå«ãã§ãã
ãã ãããæ·»å å€ã®å ·äœäŸã¯ãªãµãŒããã€ã¹ã¯ããŒ
ãžã€ãŒ176å·ã®17643ãªã©ã«èšèŒãããŠããã å®ç液ãšããŠã¯äžè¬ã«çšããããŠããçµæã®ã
ã®ãçšããããšãã§ãããå®çå€ãšããŠã¯ããªç¡«
é žå¡©ãããªã·ã¢ã³é žå¡©ã®ã»ããå®çå€ãšããŠã®å¹
æãç¥ãããŠããææ©ç¡«é»ååç©ãçšããããšã
ã§ããããŸãå®ç液ã«ã¯ç¡¬èå€ãšããŠæ°Žæº¶æ§ã¢ã«
ãããŠã å¡©ãªã©ãå«ãã§ãè¯ãã åŠç枩床ã¯éåžž18âãã50âã®éã«éžã°ãã
ãã18âããäœã枩床ãŸãã¯50âãããã枩床ãš
ããŠãããã åçåŠçã«ã¯èªåçŸåæ©ãçšããã®ã奜ãŸã
ããæ¬çºæã§ã¯æå ææãèªåçŸåæ©ã«å ¥ããŠã
ãåºãŠãããŸã§ã®ããŒã¿ã«ã®åŠçæéã90ç§ã
120ç§ã«èšå®ããŠãååã«è¶ 硬調ã§é«æ床ã®ãã¬
é調ã®åçç¹æ§ãåŸãããã æ¬çºæã«ããã°ãæå®éã®ã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ãå«ã¿
ããã²ã³åéç²åã®ç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçãç²
åã®å¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçããã倧ããããæ²åé
ä¹³å€ãšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®ååç©ã䜵çšããããšã«ã
ããå®å®ãªçŸå液ãçšããŠã網ç¹ç»åãç·ç»ã®å
çŸã«æå¹ãªèããé«æ床ãã€è¶ 硬調ã§é»ããã®å°
ãªãåçç¹æ§ãåŸãããšãã§ãããæŽã«æ¬çºæã®
ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææã¯ä¿åäžã®åçç¹æ§ã®
æªåãç¹ã«é«æž©é«æ¹¿åºŠäžã§ã®ä¿åã«ããæ床ãã
ã³ã¬ã³ãã®äœäžãèããå°ãªããšããå©ç¹ãæã
ãã 以äžã«å®æœäŸãæ²ããæ¬çºæãæŽã«è©³çŽ°ã«èª¬æ
ããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ã®èª¿è£œ 50âã«ä¿ã€ããŒã©ãã³æ°Žæº¶æ¶²äžã«ç¡é žé氎溶液
ãšæ²åã«ãªãŠã ãšèåã«ãªãŠã ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãåæã«
60åéã§å ãããã®épAgã7.5ã«ä¿ã€ããšã«ã
ãååæ£ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€ïŒå¹³åç²åãµã€ãº0.26ÎŒã
æ²åéå«éïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ïŒã調補ããã ãã®ä¹³å€ãåžžæ³ã«åŸã€ãŠæ°ŽæŽãå¯æº¶æ§å¡©é¡ãé€
å»ããã®ã¡ãããªç¡«é žãããªãŠã ãå ããŠååŠå¢
æãæœãããããããŠåŸãä¹³å€ããšããã ä¹³å€ïŒ¢ã®èª¿è£œ ç¡é žé氎溶液ãšããã²ã³å¡©æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã®æ··åããé
ïŒã¢ã«åœãïŒÃ10-7ã¢ã«ã«çžåœãããããµã¯ãã
ã€ãªãžãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ã®ååšäžã«è¡ã€ãä»
ã¯ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšåæ§ã«ããŠååæ£ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€ïŒå¹³
åç²åãµã€ãº0.26ÎŒãå¹³åæ²åéå«éïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ïŒ
ã調補ããã ãã®ä¹³å€ãä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšåæ§ã«æ°ŽæŽãååŠå¢æãæœ
ãããããããŠã§ããä¹³å€ããšããã ä¹³å€ïŒ£ã®èª¿è£œ ä¹³å€ïŒ¢ã®ååŠå¢æåŸãä¹³å€ã«æ²åã«ãªãŠã ãæ·»
å ããŠç²åè¡šé¢ãã³ã³ããŒãžãšã³ããããšã«ãã
ç²åå¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçïŒç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æ
çïŒ1/3ã®æ²åéä¹³å€ãåŸãããã®ä¹³å€ããšã
ãã ä¹³å€ïŒ€ã®èª¿è£œ éïŒã¢ã«åœãïŒÃ10-7ã¢ã«ã«çžåœãããããµã¯
ããã€ãªãžãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ãååšããã以
å€ã¯ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšåæ§ã«ããŠååæ£ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€
ïŒå¹³åç²åãµã€ãº0.26ÎŒãå¹³åæ²åéå«éïŒã¢ã«
ïŒ ïŒã調補ããã ãã®ä¹³å€ãä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšåæ§ã«æ°ŽæŽãååŠå¢æãæœ
ããã€ãã§ä¹³å€ã«æ²åã«ãªãŠã ãæ·»å ããŠç²åè¡š
é¢ãã³ã³ããŒã·ãšã³ããããšã«ããç²åå¹³åã®æ²
åéå«æçïŒç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçïŒ1/3ã®æ²
èåéä¹³å€ãåŸãããã®ä¹³å€ããšããã ä¹³å€ïŒ¥ã®èª¿è£œ æ²åã«ãªãŠã ãšèåã«ãªãŠã ã®äœ¿çšæ¯çãæ²å
éå«éãïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ã«ãªãããã«å€ãã以å€ã¯ä¹³å€
ãšåæ§ã«ããŠååæ£ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€ïŒå¹³åç²å
ãµã€ãº0.26ÎŒãæ²åéå«éïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ïŒã調補ããã ãã®ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšåæ§ã«æ°ŽæŽãååŠå¢æãæœããã
ããããŠåŸãä¹³å€ããšããã ä¹³å€ïŒŠã®èª¿è£œ ç¡é žé氎溶液ãšããã²ã³å¡©æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã®æ··åããé
ïŒã¢ã«åœãïŒÃ10-7ã¢ã«ã«çžåœãããããµã¯ãã
ã€ãªãžãŠã ïŒïŒé žã«ãªãŠã ã®ååšäžã«è¡ã€ãä»
ã¯ä¹³å€ïŒ¥ãšåæ§ã«ããŠååæ£ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€ïŒå¹³
åç²åãµã€ãº0.26ÎŒãå¹³åæ²åéå«éïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ïŒ
ã調補ããã ãã®ä¹³å€ãä¹³å€ïŒ¥ãšåæ§ã«æ°ŽæŽãååŠå¢æãæœ
ãããããããŠã§ããä¹³å€ããšããã ä¹³å€ïŒ§ã®èª¿è£œ ä¹³å€ïŒŠã®ååŠå¢æåŸãä¹³å€ã«æ²åã«ãªãŠã ãæ·»
å ããŠç²åè¡šé¢ãã³ã³ããŒã·ãšã³ããããšã«ãã
ç²åå¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçïŒç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æ
çïŒ1/5ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€ãåŸãããã®ä¹³å€ããš
ããã ä¹³å€ïŒšã®èª¿è£œ ä¹³å€ïŒŠã®ååŠå¢æåŸãä¹³å€ã«æ²åã«ãªãŠã ãæ·»
å ããŠç²åè¡šé¢ãã³ã³ããŒãžãšã³ããããšã«ãã
ç²åå¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçïŒç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æ
çïŒ1/10ã®æ²èåéä¹³å€ãåŸãããã®ä¹³å€ããš
ããã ä¹³å€ïŒ©ã®èª¿è£œ ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ã®ååŠå¢æææŽã«ã«ãªãŠã ã¯ãããªãŒã¬
ãŒããå ããŠæ床ãäžæããã以å€ã¯ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšå
æ§ã«ããŠä¹³å€ïŒ©ã調補ããã ä¹³å€ïŒªã®èª¿è£œ ç¡é žé氎溶液ãšããã²ã³å¡©æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã®æ··åã®æé
ãšæž©åºŠãå€ããŠãå¹³åç²åãµã€ãºã0.32ÎŒã«ãã
以å€ã¯ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãšåæ§ã«ããŠä¹³å€ïŒªã調補ããã ãããã®ä¹³å€ïŒ¡ãã®ããããã«ãïŒâããã
ãã·âïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïœïŒïŒâããã©
ãµã€ã³ãã³ãããªãšãã«ã¢ã¯ãªã¬ãŒãã®åæ£ç©ã
ããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ïŒååé1000ïŒãïŒïŒïŒ
âããã«ã¹ã«ããã«âïŒâãããããŒã«ãå ã次
ãã§æ¬çºæã®äžè¬åŒïŒïŒã®ååç©âïŒãéïŒ
ã¢ã«åœã4.5Ã10-3ã¢ã«å ããåŸãã»ã«ããŒã¹ã
ãªã¢ã»ããŒããã€ã«ã äžã«å¡åžééïŒïœïŒm2ã«ãª
ãããã«å¡åžããã ãã®ããã«ããŠåŸããã€ã«ã ã«ã»ã³ã·ãã¡ããª
ãŒçšé²å ãŠãšããžãéããŠé²å ããåŸãäžèšçµæ
ã®çŸå液ã§38âã30ç§éçŸåããåæ¢ãå®çãæ°Ž
æŽã也ç¥ããã çŸå液çµæ ãã€ããããã³ 40.0ïœ ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«âïŒâããšãã«âïŒâãã©ãŸãª
ãã³ 0.4ïœ æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã 13.0ïœ ç¡æ°Žäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã 90.0ïœ ç¬¬ïŒãªã³é žã«ãªãŠã 74.0ïœ ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é žäºãããªãŠã 1.0ïœ èåã«ãªãŠã 6.0ïœ ïŒâã¡ãã«ãã³ãŸããªã¢ãŸãŒã« 0.6ïœ ïŒâãžãšãã«ã¢ããâïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãã
ãã³ 17.0ïœ æ°Žãå ããŠ ïŒ æ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã ã§PH11.5ã«åãããã çµæã第ïŒè¡šã«ããããäœãè¡šäž Î匷å¶å£åã®çµæã¯åãã€ã«ã ã50âãçžå¯Ÿæ¹¿åºŠ
75ïŒ ã®æ¡ä»¶äžã«ïŒæ¥éæŸçœ®ããã®ã¡ã«åŠçãã
ãšãã®åçæ§èœã瀺ãã Îçžå¯Ÿæ床ã¯æ¿åºŠ1.5ãäžããé²å éã®éæ°ã®çž
察å€ã§ããã€ã«ã è©ŠæïŒã®å¡åžçŽåŸã®æ床ã
100ãšããã Îé»ããã¯ãã€ã«ã ã®éé²å éšãé¡åŸ®é¡ã§èŠ³å¯ã
ïŒæ®µéã«è©äŸ¡ãããã®ã§ããïŒããæãããå
質ãè¡šãããïŒããæãæªãå質ãè¡šããïŒä»¥
äžãå®çšã«é©ããïŒã¯ç²æªã ãäœãšãå®çšã§
ããïŒä»¥äžã¯å®çšäžå¯ã§ããã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
çïŒç²åå¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçã瀺
ãã
第ïŒè¡šã®çµæãããåŸæ¥ã®ä¹³å€ãçšããè©ŠæïŒ
ãŸãã¯è©ŠæïŒã¯é«æž©é«æ¹¿åºŠäžã«ä¿åãããšæ床ãš
ã¬ã³ããäœäžããä¿åå®å®æ§ã«åé¡ãããããšã
åããããŸãã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ã®ååšäžã«èª¿è£œããã
ãã²ã³åéä¹³å€ãçšããè©ŠæïŒãŸãã¯ïŒã¯æ床ãš
ã¬ã³ãã®äžæãèŠãããããä¿åå®å®æ§ã¯ä»¥åæª
ããäžæ¹ãè©ŠæïŒã10ã®ããã«éç¡«é»å¢æãŸãã¯
ç²åãµã€ãºã®å¢å ã®æ段ã«ãã€ãŠãæ床ãšã¬ã³ã
ã®äžæãåŸããããããããã®æ段ã䜿ããšé»ã
ãã®çºçãèãããªãã ããã«å¯ŸããŠãã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ã®ååšäžã«èª¿è£œã
ãã€ç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçãç²åå¹³åã®æ²åé
å«æçããã倧ããããä¹³å€ãçšããæ¬çºæã®è©Š
æïŒãïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãïŒã¯æ床ãã¬ã³ããé«ããã
ã«é«æž©é«æ¹¿åºŠäžã«ä¿åããŠãåçç¹æ§ã®äœäžãé
åžžã«å°ãªãããã€é»ãããå°ãªãããšãåããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ å®æœäŸïŒã§çšããè©ŠæïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒã®
åã ã«å¡åžåã«å¢æè²çŽ ïŒæ¬æäžã§æããååç©
äŸ13ïŒãéïŒã¢ã«åœã4.3Ã10-4ã¢ã«ãå ããŠå¡
åžãã以å€ã¯åæ§ã«ããŠãè©Šæ11ã12ïŒ13ã14ã
15ãåŸãã ãããã®è©Šæ11ã15ãå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«é²å ã»
çŸååŠçããŠç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºããçµæãåŸãã 第ïŒè¡šãããæ¬çºæã®è©Šæ13ã14ã¯ä»ã®è©Šæã«
æ¯ã¹ãŠé«æãã€ç¡¬èª¿ã§ãããæŽã«é»ããããã³çµ
æå£åãéåžžã«å°ãªãããšããããããŸãå¢æè²
çŽ ã®äœ¿çšã«ãã€ãŠæ床ãšã¬ã³ãã®å¢å ãåŸããã
ããšãæããã§ããã
ãã
第ïŒè¡šã®çµæãããåŸæ¥ã®ä¹³å€ãçšããè©ŠæïŒ
ãŸãã¯è©ŠæïŒã¯é«æž©é«æ¹¿åºŠäžã«ä¿åãããšæ床ãš
ã¬ã³ããäœäžããä¿åå®å®æ§ã«åé¡ãããããšã
åããããŸãã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ã®ååšäžã«èª¿è£œããã
ãã²ã³åéä¹³å€ãçšããè©ŠæïŒãŸãã¯ïŒã¯æ床ãš
ã¬ã³ãã®äžæãèŠãããããä¿åå®å®æ§ã¯ä»¥åæª
ããäžæ¹ãè©ŠæïŒã10ã®ããã«éç¡«é»å¢æãŸãã¯
ç²åãµã€ãºã®å¢å ã®æ段ã«ãã€ãŠãæ床ãšã¬ã³ã
ã®äžæãåŸããããããããã®æ段ã䜿ããšé»ã
ãã®çºçãèãããªãã ããã«å¯ŸããŠãã€ãªãžãŠã å¡©ã®ååšäžã«èª¿è£œã
ãã€ç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²åéå«æçãç²åå¹³åã®æ²åé
å«æçããã倧ããããä¹³å€ãçšããæ¬çºæã®è©Š
æïŒãïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãïŒã¯æ床ãã¬ã³ããé«ããã
ã«é«æž©é«æ¹¿åºŠäžã«ä¿åããŠãåçç¹æ§ã®äœäžãé
åžžã«å°ãªãããã€é»ãããå°ãªãããšãåããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ å®æœäŸïŒã§çšããè©ŠæïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒã®
åã ã«å¡åžåã«å¢æè²çŽ ïŒæ¬æäžã§æããååç©
äŸ13ïŒãéïŒã¢ã«åœã4.3Ã10-4ã¢ã«ãå ããŠå¡
åžãã以å€ã¯åæ§ã«ããŠãè©Šæ11ã12ïŒ13ã14ã
15ãåŸãã ãããã®è©Šæ11ã15ãå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«é²å ã»
çŸååŠçããŠç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºããçµæãåŸãã 第ïŒè¡šãããæ¬çºæã®è©Šæ13ã14ã¯ä»ã®è©Šæã«
æ¯ã¹ãŠé«æãã€ç¡¬èª¿ã§ãããæŽã«é»ããããã³çµ
æå£åãéåžžã«å°ãªãããšããããããŸãå¢æè²
çŽ ã®äœ¿çšã«ãã€ãŠæ床ãšã¬ã³ãã®å¢å ãåŸããã
ããšãæããã§ããã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ éïŒã¢ã«åœãïŒÃ10-8ãïŒÃ10-5ã¢ã«ã®ã€ãª
ãžãŠã å¡©ã®ååšäžã§èª¿è£œããããã€ç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²
åéå«æçãç²åã®å¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçããã倧
ããããã²ã³åéç²åãããªãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€
ã®å±€ãæããæŽã«è©²ä¹³å€å±€ãŸãã¯ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ã
ã€ãå±€ã«äžèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ãå«
æããããšãç¹åŸŽãšãããã¬åããã²ã³åéåç
æå ææã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ R1âNHNHâCHO ãåŒäžR1ã¯èèªæåºãŸãã¯è³éŠæåºãè¡šããã ïŒ éïŒã¢ã«åœãïŒÃ10-8ãïŒÃ10-5ã¢ã«ã®ã€ãª
ãžãŠã å¡©ã®ååšäžã§èª¿è£œããããã€ç²åè¡šé¢ã®æ²
åéå«æçãç²åã®å¹³åã®æ²åéå«æçããã倧
ããããã²ã³åéç²åãããªãããã²ã³åéä¹³å€
ã®å±€ãæããæŽã«è©²ä¹³å€å±€ãŸãã¯ä»ã®èŠªæ°Žæ§ã³ã
ã€ãå±€ã«äžèšäžè¬åŒïŒïŒã§ç€ºãããååç©ãå«
æããããšãç¹åŸŽãšãããã¬åããã²ã³åéåç
æå ææã«ç»åé²å ãäžããã®ã¡ã«ã0.15ã¢ã«ïŒ
以äžã®äºç¡«é žã€ãªã³ãå«ã¿PH9.5ã12.3ã®çŸå
液ã§åŠçããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããè¶ ç¡¬èª¿ãã¬ç»åã®
圢ææ¹æ³ã äžè¬åŒïŒïŒ R1âNHNHâCHO ãåŒäžR1ã¯èèªæåºãŸãã¯è³éŠæåºãè¡šããã
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59152498A JPS6129837A (ja) | 1984-07-23 | 1984-07-23 | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææåã³ãããçšããè¶ ç¡¬èª¿ãã¬ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ |
| US06/757,973 US4722884A (en) | 1984-07-23 | 1985-07-23 | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive materials and method for formation of negative images of ultra-high contrast using said material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59152498A JPS6129837A (ja) | 1984-07-23 | 1984-07-23 | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææåã³ãããçšããè¶ ç¡¬èª¿ãã¬ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6129837A JPS6129837A (ja) | 1986-02-10 |
| JPH0473858B2 true JPH0473858B2 (ja) | 1992-11-24 |
Family
ID=15541775
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59152498A Granted JPS6129837A (ja) | 1984-07-23 | 1984-07-23 | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææåã³ãããçšããè¶ ç¡¬èª¿ãã¬ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4722884A (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPS6129837A (ja) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2190214B (en) * | 1986-03-11 | 1989-11-08 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Method of forming an image on photosensitive material |
| US4987052A (en) * | 1986-04-08 | 1991-01-22 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic material and method for forming superhigh contrast negative images using the same |
| JPH0721631B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-06 | 1995-03-08 | å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | æå ææ |
| JP2533333B2 (ja) * | 1987-09-01 | 1996-09-11 | å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
| JPH01118832A (ja) * | 1987-11-02 | 1989-05-11 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
| US4914002A (en) * | 1987-11-04 | 1990-04-03 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic material |
| JP2684714B2 (ja) * | 1987-12-25 | 1997-12-03 | 倧æ¥æ¬ã€ã³ãååŠå·¥æ¥æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææåã³ãããçšãã硬調åçç»åã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³ |
| GB8814964D0 (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1988-07-27 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Bright safe light handleable high contrast photographic materials |
| US5187042A (en) * | 1989-04-27 | 1993-02-16 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic material |
| JPH02300747A (ja) * | 1989-05-15 | 1990-12-12 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | é«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ããã¬ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ |
| US5362619A (en) * | 1989-06-27 | 1994-11-08 | Konica Corporation | High-speed halide photographic light-sensitive material |
| US5187058A (en) * | 1989-07-20 | 1993-02-16 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic material |
| JP2673738B2 (ja) * | 1990-07-23 | 1997-11-05 | å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
| US5759758A (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1998-06-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Silver halide photographic material |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5814664B2 (ja) * | 1976-12-30 | 1983-03-22 | å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ |
| US4210450A (en) * | 1978-11-20 | 1980-07-01 | Polaroid Corporation | Method for forming photosensitive silver halide emulsion |
| JPS561041A (en) * | 1979-06-16 | 1981-01-08 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Manufacture of silver halide photographic emulsion |
| JPS5952820B2 (ja) * | 1979-11-06 | 1984-12-21 | å¯å£«åçãã€ã«ã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ |
| US4433048A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-02-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Radiation-sensitive silver bromoiodide emulsions, photographic elements, and processes for their use |
-
1984
- 1984-07-23 JP JP59152498A patent/JPS6129837A/ja active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-07-23 US US06/757,973 patent/US4722884A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6129837A (ja) | 1986-02-10 |
| US4722884A (en) | 1988-02-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4824774A (en) | Silver halide photographic material and method for forming an ultrahigh contrast negative image therewith | |
| JPH0462571B2 (ja) | ||
| JPH0374813B2 (ja) | ||
| JPH0621919B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
| JPH042935B2 (ja) | ||
| JPH0473858B2 (ja) | ||
| US4847187A (en) | Light-sensitive silver halide photographic material | |
| JP2655324B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
| JPH01121854A (ja) | é«ã³ã³ãã©ã¹ããã¬ç»å圢ææ¹æ³ | |
| US4920034A (en) | Silver halide photographic material and image forming method using the same | |
| JPH0411854B2 (ja) | ||
| US4346167A (en) | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material and process for producing silver halide photographic emulsion | |
| JPH0731381B2 (ja) | è¶ ç¡¬èª¿ãã¬åããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
| JPH0140339B2 (ja) | ||
| JPH0668615B2 (ja) | è¶ ç¡¬èª¿ãã¬ååçæå ææ | |
| JPS61233734A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææåã³ãããçšããç»å圢ææ¹æ³ | |
| US4772545A (en) | High speed silver halide photographic materials | |
| JPH07119940B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææ | |
| JPS6255643A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææåã³ãããçšããè¶ ç¡¬èª¿ãã¬ç»åã®åœ¢ææ¹æ³ | |
| JPH0518090B2 (ja) | ||
| JPS6140092B2 (ja) | ||
| JP2821505B2 (ja) | èå§æ§ãæ¹è¯ãããããã²ã³åéåçæå ææåã³åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JPH0652382B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéåçæå ææåã³ãããçšããç»å圢ææ¹æ³ | |
| GB2206700A (en) | High contrast silver halide negative photographic material and processing thereof | |
| JPH0410616B2 (ja) |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |