ES2327383T5 - Composición farmacéutica que comprende pioglitazona y glimepirida para uso en el tratamiento de diabetes - Google Patents
Composición farmacéutica que comprende pioglitazona y glimepirida para uso en el tratamiento de diabetes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2327383T5 ES2327383T5 ES01203170.4T ES01203170T ES2327383T5 ES 2327383 T5 ES2327383 T5 ES 2327383T5 ES 01203170 T ES01203170 T ES 01203170T ES 2327383 T5 ES2327383 T5 ES 2327383T5
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- pharmaceutical composition
- enhancer
- insulin
- pioglitazone
- treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Description
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DESCRIPCION
Composicion farmaceutica que comprende pioglitazona y glimepirida para uso en el tratamiento de diabetes
La presente invencion se refiere a una composicion farmaceutica que comprende un mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina en combinacion con uno o mas de otros antidiabeticos que difieren en el mecanismo de accion de dicho mejorador.
En anos recientes, la patolog^a de la diabetes se ha llegado a comprender mas y mejor y, en paralelo, se han desarrollado los farmacos espedficos para los estados patologicos respectivos. En consecuencia han aparecido uno detras de otro una variedad de farmacos que tienen nuevos mecanismos de accion.
Los mejoradores de la sensibilidad a la insulina tambien conocidos como desbloqueantes de la resistencia a la insulina, ya que tienen la accion de normalizar la funcion del receptor de insulina incapacitado, estan siendo objeto de gran atencion en estos anos.
En relacion con estos mejoradores de la sensibilidad a la insulina, se ha desarrollado un compuesto muy util que es la pioglitazona [Fujita et al., Diabetes, 32, 804-810, 1983, documento JP-A S55 (1980) -22636 (Ep-A 8203) , documento JP-A S61 (1986) -267580 (EP-A 193256) ]. La pioglitazona restaura la funcion del receptor de insulina incapacitado para normalizar la distribucion desigual de los transportadores de glucosa en las celulas, los sistemas enzimaticos principales asociados con el glucometabolismo, tal como la glucoquinasa, y los sistemas enzimaticos asociados con el metabolismo de lfpidos, tal como la lipasa de las lipoprotemas. Como resultado, la resistencia a la insulina se desbloquea para mejorar la tolerancia a la glucosa, y bajar las concentraciones en el plasma de los lfpidos neutros y los acidos grasos libres. Ya que estas acciones de la pioglitazona son comparativamente graduales y el riesgo de efectos secundarios en la administracion a largo plazo es tambien bajo, este compuesto es util para los pacientes obesos de los que se presume que pudieran ser altamente insulino-resistentes.
Los mejoradores de la sensibilidad a la insulina como CS-045, los derivados de la tiazolidinadiona y los derivados sustituidos de la tiazolidinadiona se han descrito tambien para usarse en combinacion con la insulina, documento [JP-A H4 (1992) -66579, documento JP-A H4 (1992) -69383, documento JP-A H5 (1993) -202042]. Clinic All Around vol.43, 1994, paginas 2615-2621, menciona la combinacion de sulfonilurea y un farmaco que mejora la resistencia de insulina, incluyendo pioglitazona, ciglitazona y CS 045. Whitcomb et al. "Thiazolidionedines", Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs, vol. 4, n° 12, 1995 paginas 1299-1309 describe una combinacion de troglitazona y glibenclamida. Sin embargo, la composicion farmaceutica de la presente invencion que tiene una combinacion espedfica es desconocida.
La diabetes es una enfermedad cronica con manifestaciones patologicas diversas y esta acompanada portrastornos del metabolismo de los lfpidos y trastornos circulatorios asf como trastornos del glucometabolismo. Como resultado, en muchos casos la diabetes tiende a progresar vinculada a varias complicaciones. Asf que es necesario seleccionar el farmaco de eleccion para el estado de enfermedad prevaleciente en cada caso individual. Sin embargo, esta seleccion esta a menudo dificultada en el marco clmico ya que el empleo unico de cada farmaco individual no es capaz de producir efectos suficientes en algunos estados de enfermedad y hay varios problemas tales como los efectos secundarios que son causados por un aumento de la dosis o una administracion a largo plazo.
En vista del estado de la tecnica anterior, los inventores de la presente invencion investigaron para desarrollar antidiabeticos que virtualmente no causaran reacciones adversas ni siquiera en la administracion a largo plazo y pudieran ser eficaces para un gran colectivo de la poblacion diabetica. Como consecuencia, descubrieron que el anterior objeto puede conseguirse usando un mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina, tal como el farmaco descrito anteriormente en combinacion con otros antidiabeticos que difieren en el mecanismo de accion de dicho mejorador, y consecuentemente han llevado a cabo la presente invencion.
Portanto, la presente invencion se refiere a:
Una composicion farmaceutica que comprende un mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina seleccionado de la pioglitazona, o una sal farmacologicamente aceptable de la misma en combinacion con el mejorador de la secrecion de insulina glimepirida. La composicion farmaceutica como se definio anteriormente, que es para la profilaxis o tratamiento de la diabetes.
El termino "mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina" como se usa en esta memoria significa cualquiera y todos los farmacos que restauran la funcion disminuida del receptor de insulina para desbloquear la resistencia a la insulina y consiguientemente mejorar la sensibilidad a la insulina.
Las sales farmacologicamente aceptables de la pioglitazona estan ejemplarizadas por las sales con bases inorganicas, sales con bases organicas, sales con acidos inorganicos, sales con acidos organicos, y sales con aminoacidos basicos o acidos.
Ejemplos preferidos de sales con bases inorganicas incluyen sales con metales alcalinos tales como sodio, potasio, etc., sales con metales alcalinoterreos tales como calcio, magnesio, etc., y sales con aluminio, amonio, etc.
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Ejemplos preferidos de sales con bases organicas incluyen sales con trimetilamina, trietilamina, piridina, picolina, etanolamina, dietanolamina, trietanolamina, diciclohexilamina, N, N-dibenciletilendiamina, etc.
Ejemplos preferidos de sales con acidos inorganicos incluyen sales con acido clorhndrico, acido bromhndrico, acido mtrico, acido sulfurico, acido fosforico, etc.
Ejemplos preferidos de sales con acidos organicos incluyen sales con acido formico, acido acetico, acido trifluoroacetico, acido fumarico, acido oxalico, acido tartarico, acido maleico, acido cftrico, acido succmico, acido malico, acido metanosulfonico, acido bencenosulfonico, acido p-toluensulfonico, etc.
Ejemplos preferidos de sales con aminoacidos basicos incluyen sales con arginina, lisina, ornitina, etc., y ejemplos preferidos de sales con aminoacidos acidos incluyen sales con acido aspartico, acido glutamico, etc.
La pioglitazona o una sal de la misma puede producirse segun, por ejemplo, metodos descritos en el documento JPA S55 (1980) -22636 (EP-A-8203), etc. o metodos analogos a los mismos.
Los mejoradores de la secrecion de la insulina son farmacos que tienen la propiedad de promover la secrecion de insulina a partir de las celulas p pancreaticas. Ejemplos de mejoradores de la secrecion de insulina incluyen las sulfonilureas (SU) . Las sulfonilureas (SU) son farmacos que promueven la secrecion de insulina a partir de las celulas p pancreaticas transmitiendo senales de secrecion de insulina por medio de receptores de SU en las membranas celulares.
Las composiciones farmaceuticas que comprenden la pioglitazona o una sal farmacologicamente aceptable de la misma en combinacion con el mejorador de secrecion de insulina glimepirida, ambos proporcionados segun la presente invencion, pueden respectivamente usarse mezclando los respectivos componentes activos todos juntos o independientemente con un vehnculo, excipiente, aglutinante, diluyente, etc. fisiologicamente aceptable y administrando la mezcla o las mezclas por via oral o no oral como una composicion farmaceutica. Cuando los componentes activos estan formulados independientemente, las formulaciones respectivas pueden ser extemporaneamente mezcladas usando un diluyente o semejante, y administradas, o pueden ser administradas independientemente, la una de la otra ya sea al mismo tiempo o a intervalos establecidos al mismo sujeto.
La forma de la dosis para la susodicha composicion farmaceutica incluye formas tales de dosificacion oral como granulos, polvos, comprimidos, capsulas, jarabes, emulsiones, suspensiones, etc. y formas de dosificacion no orales tales como inyectables (por ejemplo inyectables subcutaneos, intravenosos, intramusculares e intraperitoneales) , infusiones de gota a gota, formas de aplicacion externas (por ejemplo preparaciones para pulverizador nasal, preparaciones trasdermicas, unguentos etc.), y supositorios (por ejemplo supositorios rectales y vaginales).
Estas formas de dosificacion pueden fabricarse por la tecnica conocida per se convencionalmente usada en los procedimientos farmaceuticos. Los procedimientos espedficos de fabricacion son como se describen a continuacion.
Para fabricar una forma de dosificacion oral, se anade un excipiente (por ejemplo lactosa, sacarosa, almidon, manitol, etc.) un dispersante (por ejemplo carbonato calcico, carboximetilcelulosa calcica, etc.) un aglutinante (por ejemplo a-almidon, goma arabiga, carboximetilcelulosa, polivinilpirrolidona, hidroxipropilcelulosa, etc.) , y un lubricante (por ejemplo talco, estearato magnesico, polietilenglicol 6000 etc.) por ejemplo se anaden al componente o componentes activos y la composicion resultante se comprime. Cuando es necesario, el producto comprimido se recubre, por la tecnica conocida, para enmascarar el sabor o para disolucion enterica o liberacion retardada. El material de recubrimiento que puede usarse incluye, por ejemplo, etilcelulosa, hidroximetilcelulosa, polioxietilenglicol, ftalato de acetato de celulosa, ftalato de hidroxipropilmetilcelulosa, y Eudragit (Rohm & Haas, Alemania, copolfmero metacnlico-acnlico).
Los inyectables pueden fabricarse tipicamente por el procedimiento siguiente. El componente o los componentes activos se disuelven, suspenden o emulsionan en un vetnculo acuoso (por ejemplo agua destilada, solucion fisiologica salina, solucion de Ringer, etc.) o un vehnculo oleoso (por ejemplo aceite vegetal tal como aceite de oliva, aceite de sesamo, aceite de semillas de algodon, aceite de mafz, etc. o propilenglicol) junto con un dispersante (por ejemplo Tween 80 (Atlas Powder, U.S.A.), HCO 60 (Nikko Chemicals), polietilenglicol, carboximetilcelulosa, alginato sodico, etc.) , un conservante (por ejemplo p-hidroxibenzoato de metilo, p-hidroxibenzoato de propilo, alcohol bendlico, clorobutanol, fenol, etc.) , un agente isotonico (por ejemplo cloruro sodico, glicerol, sorbitol, glucosa, azucar invertido, etc.) y otros aditivos. Si se desea, un solubilizante (por ejemplo salicilato sodico, acetato sodico, etc.) un estabilizante (por ejemplo albumina de suero humano) , un agente calmante (por ejemplo cloruro de benzalconio, hidrocloruro de procama, etc.) y otros aditivos pueden tambien anadirse.
Una forma de dosificacion para aplicacion externa puede fabricarse procesando el componente o los componentes activos en una composicion solida, semisolida o lfquida. Para fabricar una composicion solida, por ejemplo, el componente o componentes activos, como tales o mezclados con un excipiente, (por ejemplo lactosa, manitol, almidon, celulosa microcristalina, sacarosa, etc.) , un espesante (por ejemplo gomas naturales, derivados de celulosa, polfmeros acnlicos, etc.) , etc., se procesan en polvo. La composicion lfquida puede fabricarse sustancialmente en la misma forma que los inyectables mencionados anteriormente. La composicion semisolida se proporciona preferiblemente en un gel acuoso o aceitoso o en forma de unguento. Estas composiciones pueden
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opcionalmente contener un agente de control del pH (por ejemplo acido carbonico, acido fosforico, acido citrico, acido clorlmdrico, hidroxido sodico, etc.) , y un conservante (por ejemplo los esteres del acido p-hidroxibenzoico, clorobutanol, cloruro de benzalconio, etc.), entre otros aditivos.
Los supositorios pueden fabricarse procesando el componente activo o componentes en una composicion aceitosa o acuosa, tanto si es solido, semisolido o liquido. La base oleaginosa que se puede usar incluye, por ejemplo, gliceridos de acidos grasos superiores [por ejemplo manteca de cacao, Witepsols (Dinamit-Nobel) , etc.], acidos grasos de cadena media [por ejemplo Migriols (Dinamit-Nobel) , etc], aceites vegetales (por ejemplo aceite de sesamo, aceite de soja, aceite de semillas de algodon, etc.), etc. Las bases solubles en agua incluyen, por ejemplo, polietilenglicoles, propilenglicol, etc. Las bases hidrofilas incluyen, por ejemplo, gomas naturales, derivados de celulosa, polfmeros de vinilo, y polfmeros acnlicos, etc.
La composicion farmaceutica de la presente invencion es baja en toxicidad y puede usarse con seguridad en mairnferos (por ejemplo seres humanos, ratones, ratas, conejos, perros, gatos, bovinos, caballos, cerdos, monos).
La dosis de la composicion farmaceutica de la presente invencion puede determinarse apropiadamente por referencia a las dosis recomendadas para los componentes activos respectivos y pueden seleccionarse apropiadamente segun el paciente, la edad del paciente y su peso corporal, su estado clinico actual, el tiempo de administracion, la forma farmaceutica de la dosis, el metodo de administracion, y la combinacion de los componentes activos, entre otros factores. Por ejemplo, la dosis del mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina para un adulto puede seleccionarse del intervalo de dosis clmica oral de 0, 01 a 10 mg/kg de peso corporal (preferiblemente 0, 05 a 10 mg/kg de peso corporal, mas preferiblemente 0, 05 a 5 mg/kg de peso corporal) o del intervalo de dosis clmica parenteral de 0, 005 a 10 mg/kg de peso corporal (preferiblemente 0, 01 a 10 mg/kg de peso corporal (mas preferiblemente 0, 01 a 1 mg/kg de peso corporal) . El otro componente activo o componentes que tienen diferentes modos de accion para el uso en combinaciones pueden tambien usarse en intervalos de dosis seleccionados por referencia a los intervalos de dosis clmicas recomendadas respectivas. La frecuencia preferida de administracion es 1 a 3 veces al dfa.
Las proporciones de los componentes activos en la composicion farmaceutica de la presente invencion pueden seleccionarse apropiadamente segun el paciente, la edad del paciente y su peso corporal, su estado clinico actual, el tiempo de administracion, la forma de dosificacion, el metodo de administracion, y la combinacion de los componentes activos, entre otros factores.
La composicion farmaceutica de la presente invencion muestra un efecto sinergico marcado cuando se comparan sus efectos con la administracion de cada componente activo por separado. Por ejemplo, cuando se comparo la accion de cada ingrediente activo en la rata obesa diabetica Wistar, con obesidad genetica, con los efectos observados despues de su administracion conjunta, se observo una marcada mejona en la hiperglucemia y en la reduccion a la tolerancia a la glucosa. De esta forma, la composicion farmaceutica de la presente invencion reduce la concentracion de glucosa en los diabeticos mas eficazmente que lo hace la administracion de cada componente por separado y, por lo tanto, puede ventajosamente usarse en la profilaxis y tratamiento de las complicaciones diabeticas.
Adicionalmente, puesto que la composicion farmaceutica de la presente invencion muestra suficiente eficacia con dosis reducidas de los componentes cuando se compara con la administracion de cualquiera de los componentes activos por separado, los efectos secundarios de los componentes respectivos (por ejemplo, trastornos gastrointestinales tales como diarreas etc.) pueden reducirse.
El siguiente ejemplo de trabajo se intenta meramente que ilustre como referencia la presente invencion en mas detalle pero no esta dentro del alcance de la invencion.
Ejemplo de trabajo Comprimidos
- (1)
- Hidrocloruro de pioglitazona 10 mg
- (2)
- Glibenclamida 1,25 mg
- (3)
- Lactosa 86,25 mg
- <4)
- Almidon de maiz 20 mg
- <5)
- Polietilenglicol 2,5 mg
- (6)
- Hidroxipropilcelulosa 4 mg
- {7}
- Carmelosa de calcio 5,5 mg
- (8)
- Estearato de magnesio 0,5 mg
130 mg (por comprimido)
Se mezclan bien las cantidades totales de (1) , (2) , (3) , (4) y (5) , dos tercios de las cantidades de (6) y (7) , y la mitad de la cantidad de (8) y se granulan de manera convencional. Se anade entonces el resto de (6), (7) y (8) a los granulos, que se mezclan bien y la composicion total se comprime con una maquina de comprimir. La dosis para un adulto es de 3 comprimidosMa, para tomar de 1 a 3 dosis.
5 La composicion farmaceutica de la presente invencion muestra un potente efecto depresor de la hiperglucemia diabetica y es util en la profilaxis y tratamiento de la diabetes. Ademas, esta composicion farmaceutica es util en el tratamiento y profilaxis de las complicaciones diabeticas tales como la neuropatfa diabetica, nefropatfa, retinopatfa, macroangiopatfa, y osteopenia. Adicionalmente, por medio de la seleccion apropiada de los tipos de farmacos usados como componentes, ruta de administracion, dosis etc. segun el estado clmico, puede esperarse eficacia 10 hipoglucemica en la terapia a largo plazo con un riesgo extremadamente bajo de efectos secundarios.
Claims (9)
- 51015202530REIVINDICACIONES1. Composicion farmaceutica que comprende un mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina seleccionado de la pioglitazona, o una sal farmacologicamente aceptable de la misma en combinacion con el mejorador de la secrecion de insulina glimepirida.
- 2. Composicion farmaceutica segun la reivindicacion 1, en donde el mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina y el mejorador de la secrecion de la insulina se formulan conjuntamente.
- 3. Composicion farmaceutica segun la reivindicacion 1, en donde el mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina y el mejorador de la secrecion de la insulina se formulan independientemente para la administracion independiente uno de otro, tanto para administracion simultanea o para intervalos sucesivos al mismo paciente.
- 4. Una composicion farmaceutica segun una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, para la profilaxis o el tratamiento de la diabetes.
- 5. Una composicion farmaceutica segun una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, para la profilaxis o el tratamiento de las complicaciones diabeticas.
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6. Uso de un mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina seleccionado de la pioglitazona, o una salfarmacologicamente aceptable de la misma en combinacion con el mejorador de la secrecion de insulina glimepirida, para la fabricacion de una composicion farmaceutica para la profilaxis y el tratamiento de la diabetes. -
7. Uso de un mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina seleccionado de la pioglitazona, o una salfarmacologicamente aceptable de la misma en combinacion con el mejorador de la secrecion de insulina glimepirida, para la fabricacion de una composicion farmaceutica para la profilaxis y el tratamiento de las complicaciones diabeticas. -
8. Uso de un mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina seleccionado de la pioglitazona, o una salfarmacologicamente aceptable de la misma en combinacion con el mejorador de la secrecion de insulina glimepirida, para la fabricacion de formulaciones en donde el mejorador a la sensibilidad de la insulina y el mejorador de la secrecion de insulina se formulan independientemente, para ser administrados independientemente paraadministracion simultanea o para intervalos sucesivos al mismo paciente, para la profilaxis y tratamiento de la diabetes. - 9. Uso de un mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina seleccionado de la pioglitazona, o una salfarmacologicamente aceptable de la misma en combinacion con el mejorador de la secrecion de insulina glimepirida, para la fabricacion de formulaciones en donde el mejorador de la sensibilidad a la insulina y el mejorador de la secrecion de insulina se formulan independientemente, para ser administrados independientemente paraadministracion simultanea o para intervalos sucesivos al mismo paciente, para la profilaxis y tratamiento de las complicaciones diabeticas.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15350095 | 1995-06-20 | ||
| JP15350095 | 1995-06-20 | ||
| JP7-153500 | 1995-06-20 |
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| ES2327383T3 ES2327383T3 (es) | 2009-10-29 |
| ES2327383T5 true ES2327383T5 (es) | 2017-03-13 |
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| ES98200252T Expired - Lifetime ES2212208T3 (es) | 1995-06-20 | 1996-06-20 | Composicion farmaceutica para uso en el tratamiento de diabetes. |
| ES01203170.4T Expired - Lifetime ES2327383T5 (es) | 1995-06-20 | 1996-06-20 | Composición farmacéutica que comprende pioglitazona y glimepirida para uso en el tratamiento de diabetes |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| ES98200252T Expired - Lifetime ES2212208T3 (es) | 1995-06-20 | 1996-06-20 | Composicion farmaceutica para uso en el tratamiento de diabetes. |
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Families Citing this family (267)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW438587B (en) * | 1995-06-20 | 2001-06-07 | Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd | A pharmaceutical composition for prophylaxis and treatment of diabetes |
| NZ286920A (en) * | 1995-07-03 | 1997-06-24 | Sankyo Co | Use of combination of hmg-coa reductase inhibitors and of insulin sensitizers for the prevention/treatment of arteriosclerosis or xanthoma |
| JPH11510508A (ja) | 1995-08-10 | 1999-09-14 | ワーナー−ランバート・コンパニー | インシュリン非依存性真性糖尿病患者に投与される外来インシュリンの量を減らす方法 |
| GB9600464D0 (en) * | 1996-01-09 | 1996-03-13 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Novel method |
| NZ330774A (en) * | 1996-04-05 | 1999-06-29 | Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd | Pharmaceutical composition having angiotensin ii antagonistic activity or salt thereof with an insulin-sensitivity increasing compound and postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus and antagonistic activity and increased insulin-sensitivity |
| HU225415B1 (en) | 1996-07-15 | 2006-11-28 | Sankyo Co | Medicinal compositions comprising cs-866 and insulin resistance improving agents and their use for the treatment of arteriosclerosis and xanthoma |
| FR2758459B1 (fr) * | 1997-01-17 | 1999-05-07 | Pharma Pass | Composition pharmaceutique de fenofibrate presentant une biodisponibilite elevee et son procede de preparation |
| US6011049A (en) * | 1997-02-19 | 2000-01-04 | Warner-Lambert Company | Combinations for diabetes |
| US5859037A (en) * | 1997-02-19 | 1999-01-12 | Warner-Lambert Company | Sulfonylurea-glitazone combinations for diabetes |
| US6291495B1 (en) * | 1997-02-24 | 2001-09-18 | Robert B. Rieveley | Method and composition for the treatment of diabetes |
| AU783539B2 (en) * | 1997-06-18 | 2005-11-10 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Treatment of diabetes with thiazolidinedione and sulphonylurea |
| TR199903057T2 (xx) * | 1997-06-18 | 2000-04-21 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Diabetin tiazolidinedion ve metformin ile tedavisi. |
| WO1998057635A1 (en) * | 1997-06-18 | 1998-12-23 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Treatment of diabetes with thiazolidinedione and alpha-glucosidase inhibitor |
| US20020028768A1 (en) * | 1997-06-18 | 2002-03-07 | Smithkline Beecham P.L.C. | Treatment of diabetes with rosiglitazone and insulin |
| EP1671637A3 (en) * | 1997-06-18 | 2007-12-19 | SmithKline Beecham P.L.C. | Treatment of diabetes with thiazolidinedione and sulphonylurea |
| AU778947B2 (en) * | 1997-06-18 | 2004-12-23 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Treatment of diabetes with thiazolidinedione and metformin |
| US20020004515A1 (en) * | 1997-06-18 | 2002-01-10 | Smith Stephen Alistair | Treatment of diabetes with thiazolidinedione and metformin |
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- 1999-04-30 US US09/302,469 patent/US6133293A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-30 US US09/302,470 patent/US6166042A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-30 US US09/302,468 patent/US6169099B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-30 US US09/303,493 patent/US6150384A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-30 US US09/303,492 patent/US6166043A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-30 US US09/303,496 patent/US6121295A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-27 US US09/321,095 patent/US6174904B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-27 US US09/321,096 patent/US6121294A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-27 US US09/321,099 patent/US6133295A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-27 US US09/321,097 patent/US6225326B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-27 US US09/321,098 patent/US6080765A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-31 US US09/386,504 patent/US6169100B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-31 US US09/386,457 patent/US6103742A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-03 US US09/453,521 patent/US6329404B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2000
- 2000-06-29 US US09/605,704 patent/US6303640B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-29 US US09/606,176 patent/US6211205B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-06 US US09/610,992 patent/US6288090B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-06 US US09/610,993 patent/US6232330B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2000-07-18 US US09/618,635 patent/US6251924B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-18 US US09/618,636 patent/US6239153B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-19 US US09/619,641 patent/US6211207B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2000-09-01 NO NO20004345A patent/NO314065B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-11-28 US US09/722,291 patent/US6277869B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2000-11-28 US US09/722,597 patent/US6271243B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2001
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2002
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- 2002-07-15 CZ CZ20022453A patent/CZ292093B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
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2003
- 2003-06-17 US US10/462,793 patent/US6911459B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2004
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- 2004-10-07 KR KR1020040079966A patent/KR20070081135A/ko not_active Ceased
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2006
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- 2006-12-20 LU LU91298C patent/LU91298I2/fr unknown
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2007
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- 2007-12-20 KR KR1020070134272A patent/KR20080005162A/ko not_active Ceased
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2008
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2009
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2010
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2011
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